Sɛ yɛbɛka no ɔkwan biara so a, ɛsɛ sɛ wɔde nneɛma a wɔde rɔba ayɛ no nwene denam nkuku a ɛne no hyia no so ma ɛyɛ nsusuwso, rɔba ade a ɛyɛ hyew kɛse, vulcanization a ɛyɛ nhyɛso kɛse, a efi nkuku no mu anaasɛ nsunsu mu no taa frɛ no nsunsu a wɔde gyae. Nneɛma a ɛho hia a ɛma rɔba nneɛma a ɛyɛ papa ne nkɛntɛnso a enya wɔ nneɛma a wɔyɛ no yiye so no mu biako a wontumi mmubu no yiye no mu biako. Ebetumi ama sintɔ ahorow te sɛ afã horow a wɔakyinkyim no ne nea wɔtetew mu aba, na ebinom mpo asɛe nsusuwso no, na ɛde ɔhaw aba sɛnea wɔyɛ no sɛnea ɛte daa no mu. Nneɛma a enye a ɛka rɔba nneɛma a wobubu no ho adesua no ho hia kɛse na ama wɔahwɛ ahu sɛ nneɛma a wɔyɛ no yɛ papa, wosiw sintɔ ahorow ano, wosiw nneɛma a wɔsɛe no ano, na ɛma nneɛma a wɔyɛ no tu mpɔn.
1. Nneɛma a ɛka rɔba nneɛma a wobubu gu .
Rɔba a wɔmfa ngu fam a enye no kyerɛ titiriw sɛ sɛ wɔtow ade no gu a, ɛrentumi nhwe ase yiye. Eyi fi nneɛma pii a ɛwɔ nkɛntɛnso, saa nneɛma yi yɛ nea ɛyɛ den wɔ wɔn ho wɔn ho ho, na nkɛntɛnso ne nea wɔda no adi no yɛ soronko, a nea ɛka ho ne rɔba a wɔde yɛ nneɛma ho nhyehyɛe, nsunsu ho nhyehyɛe ne ne yɛ, ɔkwan a wɔfa so yɛ, ɔkwan a wɔfa so yɛ adwuma, nkuku a wɔhwɛ so yiye, ne nea ɛkeka ho.
1.1 Nkɛntɛnso a rɔba a wɔde yɛ nneɛma ho nhyehyɛe nya wɔ nkuku a wɔayi no adi so .
Sɛnea wɔyɛ rɔba nneɛma no ka nneɛma a wɔde gyae nneɛma no tẽẽ, enti ɛsɛ sɛ nneɛma a wɔyɛ no di ahwehwɛde ahorow a ɛne sɛ wobebubu nneɛma a ɛnyɛ den no ho dwuma. Ade titiriw a ɛka nea wobubu wɔ ade no ho nhyehyɛe mu ne ɔkwan a wɔfa so bubu no, sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wobebue anwenne no na wɔayi ade no afi mu no, ɛsɛ sɛ wɔde ɔdan a ɛda fam no ani ne akyi a ɛwɔ soro no ma wɔ ɔkwan a ɛkɔ fam a ɛfata a wɔde bebu fam no so. Ɛwom sɛ nneɛma bi wɔ hɔ a wɔde bubu de, nanso bo a ɛsom no sua dodo, na nneɛma bi nso wɔ akyi no kwan a ɛkɔ fam no nkutoo, na wobu wɔn ani gu fam a ɛwɔ mu no so ne wɔn mu mpampam ne wɔn boasetɔ so; Nneɛma bi nni hɔ koraa, na ɛde nsɛnnennen ba nneɛma a wobubu no so. Sɛ wɔtow ade no wie a, centripetal shrinkage no ba esiane sɛ ade no yɛ nwini nti, a ɛma ahoɔden kɛse a ɛkura mu wɔ core anaa pin no so, a esiw bubu no kwan. Sɛ wɔma ɔkwan a ɛkɔ fam no kɔ soro a, wobetumi atew saa ɔsɔretia yi so kɛse, na wobetumi akwati sintɔ ahorow te sɛ ade no a wɔtetew esiane sɛ ɛkɔ fam nti nso. Demolding slope no fa sɛnea ade no te ne ne kɛse, a wɔtaa kyerɛ wɔ osuahu mu, na ɔkwan a wɔfa so yɛ ade no fã a ɛkɔ fam no wɔ 1 ° ~ 3 ° ntam.
1.2 Nkɛntɛnso a Nkuku a Wɔayɛ ne Nneɛma a Wɔyɛ wɔ Nkuku a Wɔayi no Adi So no Nkɛntɛnso .
1.2.1 Nkɛntɛnso a Nkuku a Wɔayɛ no Nya Wɔ Nkuku a Wɔayi Afi Mu So .
Rɔba Nkuku yɛ nnwinnade titiriw biako a wɔde yɛ rɔba nneɛma, wobetumi akyekyɛ nsunsu a wɔde mia mu nnyinasosɛm mu ayɛ no injection mold, die casting mold, pressing mold design yɛ sɛnea nneɛma no te, ne su ne sɛnea wɔde di dwuma no te, sɛnea rɔba nneɛma koro no ara te de yɛ nsusuwso ahorow pii a ɛsono emu biara. Nkuku nhyehyɛe no ne nneɛma a wɔyɛ no yiye, nneɛma a wɔyɛ no yiye, nsunsu ho dwumadie a ɛyɛ den ne ɔsom asetena wɔ abusuabɔ tẽẽ. Enti, nhwehwɛmu a wɔayɛ wɔ nsusuwso nhyehyɛe ho no ho hia yiye. Sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wɔbɛhwɛ sɛ rɔba nneɛma wɔ geometry a ɛteɛ ne dimensional pɛpɛɛpɛyɛ bi no, ɛsɛ sɛ nsusuwso nhyehyɛe nhyehyɛe di nnyinasosɛm ahorow a edidi so yi akyi:
(1) Master na te sɛnea nneɛma a wɔde di dwuma wɔ rɔba nneɛma mu no yɛ den, ɛtew so na wode di dwuma no ase.
(2) Hwɛ sɛ ade no te ne sɛnea ɛyɛ no.
(3) Ɛsɛ sɛ nkuku no nhyehyɛe yɛ mmerɛw na ntease wom, ɛsɛ sɛ wotumi de ho to gyinabea no so, ɛsɛ sɛ wɔde si hɔ na wɔpaapae mu no yɛ nea ɛfata, na ɛsɛ sɛ ɛyɛ mmerɛw sɛ wɔde bedi dwuma.
(4) Nkuku a ɛwɔ mu no dodow fata, a ɛyɛ mmerɛw ma mfiridwuma ne nsunsu a wɔde di dwuma, na ɛsɛ sɛ wosusuw sɛnea wɔyɛ no yiye ho.
(5) Ɛsɛ sɛ nsunsu no nya ahoɔden ne kateeyɛ a ɛdɔɔso, na ɛbɔ mmɔden sɛ ɛbɛyɛ ketewaa, emu yɛ hare, ɛnyɛ den sɛ wɔbɛyɛ ho adwuma, na ɛne nea wɔyɛ no hyia.
(6) Ɛsɛ sɛ nsunsu no mu yɛ mmerɛw ma nneɛma a wɔde gu mu ne nea woyi fi mu, na sɛ ɛyɛ mmerɛw a, ɛsɛ sɛ rɔba no nya nhyɛso a ɛdɔɔso.
(7) Ɛsɛ sɛ nkuku no nya pɛpɛɛpɛyɛ, awie ne parting surface a ntease wom, a ɛnyɛ den sɛ wobetwitwa so.
(8) Ɛsɛ sɛ nsunsu no nya rɔba a abubu na ama ayɛ mmerɛw sɛ ɛbɛhohoro.
(9) Ɛsɛ sɛ nsusuwso nhyehyɛe no ne serialization ne standardization hyia, na ɛbɔ mmɔden sɛ ɛbɛma wɔatumi ayɛ nneɛma pii.
Efi ahwehwɛde ahorow a ɛfa nsusuwso nhyehyɛe ho no, yebetumi ahu sɛ nneɛma a ɛka nneɛma a wɔde gu fam no bi ne nsunsu a ɛyɛ den, nea wɔde gyina ano, mfiri a wɔde yi nsu fi mu, ne nea ɛkeka ho.
1.2.1.1 Nsusuiɛ a ɛyɛ den .
Mpɛn pii no, rɔba nkuku de nkuku a wɔaka abom na edi dwuma, enti nneɛma a wɔde hyɛ mu anaasɛ nea ɛda ntam no hyɛ nkuku no mu. Wɔ adeyɛ no mu no, wɔ tumi a wɔde kyekyere nneɛma anaasɛ nhyɛso a wɔde twitwiw nneɛma mu no dwumadi ase no, nsunsu afã horow no taa yɛ nea ɛyɛ den, na sɛ wobue nkuku no mu a, saa nsakrae yi bɛma dade ne dade ntam ayɛ basaa. Sɛ elastic rebound no yɛ kɛse a, ɛbɛma ahoɔden a ɛwɔ rɔba no ne nsunsu no ani nso aba, na ɛbɛhyɛ frame no mfinimfini ma ɛbɛyɛ arc, na wɔde rɔba ade no afiri curved frame seam no mu. Ne saa nti, nsusuwso a ɛma wobue ano no kɔ soro, na ɛma ɛyɛ den sɛ wobebubu, na ɛma ade no tetew, na mpo nsusuwso no popa (mpɛn pii no, ade no wɔ dade nnompe nneɛma). Enti, ɛsɛ sɛ nsusuwso nhyehyɛe hwɛ hu sɛ afã horow a wɔanwene no no yɛ den sɛnea ɛsɛ.
1.2.1.2 Nneɛma a wɔde gyina ano a wɔde gu fam .
Sɛ wogyae ade no a, ɛho hia sɛ wodi nsusuwso a ɛma wobue ano no ano aduru ne nea ɛko tia ejection no so. Nneɛma no mu sintɔ ahorow no mu dodow no ara a nsunsu a enni mu a ɛba no de ba no fa eyi ho. Ejection resistance no fi tumi a ɛkura ade no mu titiriw kɔ core no mu, a ahoɔden a ɛnam shrinkage, extrusion, bonding ne friction a ɛda rɔba ne dadeɛ no ntam ba no ka ho. Saa tumi ahorow yi ka bom anaasɛ wɔka bom wɔ akwan horow so ma ɛka aduru no a woyi no adi no.
1.2.1.3 Nneɛma a ɛma obi yi ne ho fi ho .
Ejection mechanism no nya ejection effect no so nkɛntɛnso tẽẽ, wɔde demoulding ejector rod no si hɔ mpɛn pii wɔ nsusuwso no mfinimfini gyinabea, na ɛnsɛ sɛ demoulding ejector rod no cross-sectional area no yɛ ketewaa dodo, sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wobetumi asiw ahoɔden a ɛboro so wɔ unit area biara mu ano, ɛnyɛ den sɛ wɔbɛyɛ nneɛma a ɛyɛ tratraa a ɛwɔ soro anaasɛ nneɛma a wɔde dade skeleton deformation ayɛ. Sɛ wɔreyɛ nneɛma a ɛwɔ beae kɛse na emu yɛ duru a, sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wobesiw friction a ɛboro so a efi ejection action jamming anaasɛ ejector rod no a ɛbɔ no mu ba no ano no, ɛsɛ sɛ wɔde demolding guide block a ɛyɛ bɛyɛ ¢100mm, anaasɛ nea ɛboro saa no si mold ejector rod nhyiam no so, nanso ɛsɛ sɛ ɛkari pɛ.
1.2.2 Nkɛntɛnso a nkukuo a wɔyɛ no nya wɔ nkukuo a wɔayi no adi so .
Wɔ nsusuwso no yɛ mu no, ɛsɛ sɛ wɔhwɛ cavity, core surface roughness, ne gap a ɛwɔ mating surface a ɛwɔ inser structure no mu no mu katee, anyɛ saa a ɛbɛka nsusuwso a ɛwɔ aduru no mu no. Ɔkwan a ɛda nea wɔde hyɛ mu no ne nea wɔde hyɛ mu no ntam no sõ dodo, rɔba no wɔ nsu a ɛyɛ hyew bere a ɛyɛ hyew no, na ɛnyɛ den sɛ wobepia rɔba no bere a wɔreyɛ nkuku no, na ɛyɛ nea ɛrehyerɛn a ɛyɛ den, na ɛno ma wobubu ne sɛnea nneɛma no te no kwan kɛse. Nea ɛka ho no, wɔ nneɛma a emu dɔ a ɛyɛ tratraa ho no, sɛ wɔtow gu a, wɔde vacuum bi ba ɔfã no ne nea ɛwɔ mu no ani, na ɛma ɛyɛ den sɛ wobebubu. Enti, sɛ wɔyɛ nsusuwso no a, ɛsɛ sɛ core no nya mframa a ɛfata a wɔde fa mu anaasɛ nea ɛwɔ mu no ani yɛ mmerɛw kakra (a ennya aduru no su so nkɛntɛnso), a ɛboa ma nsunsu no fi adi.
1.3 Nkɛntɛnso a ɛwɔ production process parameters so wɔ mold release so .
Production process parameters no fa nneɛma no su mu sintɔ ahorow ho, a nea ɛka ho ne injection pressure, a ɛkura nhyɛso nhyɛso, vulcanization temperature, gluu a ɛwɔ mu, vulcanization bere, ne nea ɛkeka ho no nya nkɛntɛnso kɛse wɔ demolding no so. Sɛ injection pressure no yɛ kɛse dodo a, ɛbɛma elastic deformation aba mold afã horow no mu na ama extrusion force aba. Sɛ bere a wɔde kura mu no yɛ tenten dodo a, nhyɛso a ɛwɔ nkuku no mu no kɔ soro, na ɛno bɛma shear force ne molecule orientation stress no akɔ soro. Bere koro no ara mu no, tumi a wɔde hyɛ nhyɛso mu a wɔde hyɛ mu no korɔn dodo na bere no ware dodo, a ɛno nso bɛma adeyɛ no ahyɛ mu ma, ama nhyɛso kɛse a ɛwɔ mu no aba, na ɛde nsunsu no afã horow no nso asɛe anaasɛ hann a ɛda mating no ntam, na ɛma ɛyɛ den kɛse sɛ wobebubu no. Vulcanization temperature, rɔba content rate, vulcanization bere no fa shrinkage rate a rɔba, vulcanized rɔba yɛ mmerɛw sɛ ɛbɛma san aba mfitiase adeyɛ no mu wɔ ɔhyew a ɛkorɔn, shrinkage rate rate kɛse a rɔba akyi vulcanization, vice versa, shrinkage ketewa. Dodow a rɔba a ɛwɔ mu no dodow kɔ soro, dodow a rubber no so tew no, dodow a rɔba no so tew, dodow no ara yɛ ketewaa, dodow a vulcanization bere tenten no, dodow no ara na cross-linking no yɛ kɛse, shrinkage rate nketewa, vulcanization bere tiaa, crosslinking bere ketewaa no, shrinkage rate no yɛ kɛse, na shrinkage rates no yɛ shrinul rate of process of process of process of process of process of process of process of process of process of process in und into Per-vulcanization, na shrinkage rate a ɛba fam koraa no yɛ kɛse wɔ positive vulcanization point no nkutoo, na tumi a ɛkura nsusuwso a ɛwɔ core ne insert structure a ɛyɛ den no nso yɛ kɛse, a ɛnyɛ nea ɛfata ma ade no a wobebubu no.
1.4 Nkɛntɛnso a Operation Method nya wɔ Mold Release so .
Nkuku abien a wɔahyehyɛ no yiye, te sɛ rɔba ade koro a wɔde di dwuma na wɔde ɔkwan koro no ara a wɔfa so yɛ adwuma no di dwuma, esiane sɛ ɛsono sɛnea wɔde di dwuma no ho akokwaw ne akwan horow a wɔfa so yɛ adwuma no nso yɛ soronko. Enti, ɛho hia sɛ wohu ɔkwan a wɔfa so bubu ade no yiye na woahu no yiye sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wobenya tumi pa a wɔde bebu fam. Akwan kakraa bi a ntease wom a wɔfa so yi nsɛm fi hɔ ni:
(1) Manual demolding yɛ akwan a wɔfa so yɛ rɔba nneɛma no mu biako a wɔfa so yi nneɛma fi nkuku mu ne nsunsu mu, a ɛfata ma afã nketenkete a ɛyɛ mmerɛw ne rɔba nneɛma a ɛyɛ den kɛse.
(2) Wɔde mfiri a wɔde bubu no di dwuma kɛse ma injection molding molds, die-casting molds ne rɔba nneɛma akɛse afoforo.
(3) Wimhyɛn a wɔde bubu no yɛ mframa a wɔahyɛ no den anaasɛ vacuum suction cup a wɔde di dwuma de yi nneɛma fi mu, nea ɛyɛ kɛse ne sɛ: ɛma nsunsu no nhyehyɛe yɛ mmerɛw, ɛma bere a wɔde bue ne bere a wɔde to mu no yɛ tiaa, ɛtew adwumayɛfo ahoɔden so, na ɛma nneɛma a wɔyɛ no tu mpɔn.
(4) Deformation demolding yɛ elasticity ne rɔba a ɛware yiye a wɔde di dwuma titiriw, denam nhyɛso a wɔhyɛ so anaasɛ elongation deformation a wɔde di dwuma so, sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wobenya demolding effect no.
(5) Mold core demolding ne sɛ wobɛtow agu anaasɛ wobɛmia center mold core no so bere a worebubu no, na afei woabue nsusuwso no ama Demold, a ɛyɛ papa sɛ wobɛhwɛ ahu sɛ ade no yɛ papa ne demolding effect no.
(6) Insert demolding fata ma nea ɛyɛ den kɛse anaasɛ nneɛma a wɔde hyɛ mu.
1.5 Nkɛntɛnso a nkuku a wɔhwɛ so nya wɔ nkuku a wɔayi no adi so .
Nkuku abien a ɛwɔ nhyehyɛe a ntease wom, sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a ɛbɛtrɛw ne som mu na ama nneɛma a wɔyɛ no ayɛ papa, de aka sɛnea wɔde bedi dwuma yiye ho no, ɛsɛ sɛ wohwɛ nsunsu a wɔhwɛ so yiye nso. Sɛ wɔde nkuku no di dwuma wie a, ɛsɛ sɛ wɔhwɛ nneɛma a edidi so yi mu:
(1) Sɛ́ ebia nkuku no asɛe, titiriw no, nsunsu no mu anaasɛ nsunsu no mu. Bere a nsunsu no asɛe akyi no, ɛnyɛ nea ɛfata sɛ wobubu rɔba nneɛma a wɔde dade nnompe anaasɛ ɛyɛ den kɛse gu mu.
(2) sɛ ebia biribi a ɛresan ayɛ mmerɛw na ɛretwe wɔ ɔfã a ɛne sɛ wɔbɛware no mu anaa. Ntrɛwmu ne agyiraehyɛde bɛba bere a nsunsu no ayɛ mmerɛw na wɔatwe no, na sɛ wɔde rɔba ade no hyɛ mu wie a, ɛyɛ den sɛ wobegyae nkuku no, na mpo atetew ade no mu.
(3) Sɛ́ ebia wobetumi de wɔn ho ato gyinabea so no yɛ nea wotumi de ho to so. Mpɛn pii no, wɔde nsusuwso ahorow pii a wɔaka abom na ɛyɛ nkuku no mu, na sɛ wɔde si baabi a ɛnteɛ a, ɛbɛma nsunsu no mu ayɛ mmerɛw anaasɛ ɛbɛsakra.
(4) Sɛ ebia nsunsu no ani yɛ torotoro na sɛnea fouling tebea no te no. Bere a wɔde nsunsu no mu ayɛ mmerɛw anaasɛ ɛho agu fĩ akyi no, wɔbɛma akasakasa kɛse bi aba bere a wɔrebubu no, a ɛnyɛ nea ɛfata ma ade no a wobebubu no.
(5) Sɛ ebia movable matching core ne ejector accessories a ɛwɔ nsusuwso no mu no awie.
Sɛ ɔhaw ahorow a ɛwɔ atifi hɔ no wɔ hɔ a, ɛsɛ sɛ wosiesie nkuku no, tew ho, ɛyɛ rustproof, ne nea ɛkeka ho.
2 Ahwɛyiye .
Atifi hɔ no hwehwɛ nkɛntɛnso a nneɛma ahorow nya wɔ nneɛma a wobubu so, na ɛde nneɛma a ɛne no hyia a wɔde ko tia ade biara a ɛwɔ nkɛntɛnso no ba. Wobetumi anoa nneɛma atitiriw a wɔbɛyɛ de akwati nsunsu a ɛnyɛ papa a wobeyi afi hɔ no ma ayɛ:
(1) Ɛnyɛ den sɛ wobɛtew nneɛma a wɔyɛ no so, na ɛsɛ sɛ ɔkwan a ɛkɔ fam a ɛdɔɔso wɔ hɔ.
(2) Nkuku no nhyehyɛe yɛ nea ntease wom, na nsunsu no mu yɛ den sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ yiye biara.
(3) Wɔ ntease mu no, ɛkyerɛ sɛnea wɔyɛ nneɛma no ho nhyehyɛe.
(4) ma adwumayɛfo no dwumadi tu mpɔn.
(5) Fa w’adwene si nkuku a wosiesie so.
(6) Tew friction so na fa aduru a ɛfata a ɛma nsunsu fi hɔ di dwuma.
(7) Paw nsu a ɛyɛ hyew a ntease wom na ɛfata.
