Mpɛn pii no, ɛsɛ sɛ wɔde rɔba nwene nneɛma fa nkuku a ɛne no hyia no so nwene ma nkuku ho adwuma, rɔba ade bi akyi ɔhyew a ɛkɔ soro, nhyɛso kɛse vulcanization, fi nkuku abura anaa nkuku no mu no yɛ nea wɔtaa frɛ no nkuku a wɔayi no adi. Demolding a ɛnkɔ yiye yɛ ade titiriw biako nti a rɔba nneɛma no yɛ sintɔ ne nkɛntɛnso a enya wɔ nneɛma a wɔyɛ no yiye so no mu biako. Ebetumi de sintɔ ahorow te sɛ afã horow a ɛkyinkyim ne nea ɛtetew aba, na ebinom mpo sɛe nkuku no, na ɛde ɔhaw ba nneɛma a wɔyɛ no sɛnea ɛsɛ mu. Nneɛma a enye a ɛka rɔba nneɛma a wɔpopa no ho adesua ho hia kɛse na ama wɔahwɛ ahu sɛ nneɛma no ye, asiw sintɔ ano, asiw nneɛma a asɛe ano, na ama nneɛma a wɔyɛ no atu mpɔn.
1. Nneɛma a ɛka rɔba nneɛma a wɔsɛe no
Rɔba nneɛma a wɔansɛe no yiye no kyerɛ titiriw sɛ sɛ wɔtow ade no gu a, entumi nhwe ase yiye. Eyi fi nneɛma pii a ɛwɔ nkɛntɛnso, saa nneɛma yi yɛ nea ɛyɛ den wɔ wɔn ho wɔn ho ho, na ɛsono sɛnea nkɛntɛnso ne nea wɔda no adi, titiriw nea ɛka ho ne rɔba nneɛma a wɔyɛ, nkuku nhyehyɛe ne ne yɛ, ɔkwan a wɔfa so yɛ, ɔkwan a wɔfa so yɛ adwuma, nkuku a wɔhwɛ so, ne nea ɛkeka ho.
1.1 Nkɛntɛnso a rɔba nneɛma a wɔyɛ no nya wɔ nkuku a wɔayi no adi so
Sɛnea wɔyɛ rɔba nneɛma no nya sɛnea wɔayi nneɛma no adi no so nkɛntɛnso tẽẽ, enti ɛsɛ sɛ nneɛma a wɔyɛ no di ahwehwɛde ahorow a ɛne sɛ ɛnyɛ den sɛ wɔbɛpopa nneɛma no ho dwuma. Adeɛ titire a ɛka demolding wɔ design of the product ne demolding slope, sɛdeɛ ɛbɛyɛ a wɔbɛbue mold no na wɔayi product no, ɛsɛ sɛ wɔde demolding slope a ɛdɔɔso ma vertical parting surface no mu ne akyire. Ɛwom sɛ nneɛma bi wɔ ɔkwan a ɛkɔ fam a ɛma wotumi yi nkuku no fi mu de, nanso bo no sua dodo, na nneɛma bi wɔ akyi a ɛkɔ fam nkutoo, na wobu wɔn ani gu sɛnea emu no kɔ fam ne emu mpampam ne boasetɔ so Nneɛma bi nni ɔkwan a ɛkɔ fam koraa, na ɛde ɔhaw ahorow ba ade no a wɔbɛpopa no mu. Sɛ wɔtow ade no wie a, centripetal shrinkage no ba esiane ade no a ɛyɛ nwini nti, na ɛma tumi kɛse bi kura core anaa pin no so, na esiw demolding no kwan. Sɛ wɔma demolding slope no kɔ soro a, wobetumi atew saa resistance yi so kɛse, na wobetumi akwati sintɔ ahorow te sɛ ade no a ɛbɛtetew esiane slope a enni hɔ nti nso. Demolding slope no fa ade no nsusuwii ne ne kɛse ho, mpɛn pii no wɔde empirically na ɛkyerɛ, na ade no nyinaa slope no wɔ 1 ° ~ 3 ° ntam.
1.2 Nkɛntɛnso a nkukuo nhyehyɛɛ ne ne yɛ nya wɔ nkukuo a wɔayi no adi so
1.2.1 Nkɛntɛnso a nkukuo nhyehyɛɛ nya wɔ nkukuo a wɔayi no adi so
Rɔba nkuku yɛ nnwinnade titiriw biako a wɔde yɛ rɔba nneɛma, nkuku pressing nnyinasosɛm betumi akyekyɛ mu ayɛ no injection nkuku, die casting nkuku, pressing nkuku nhyehyɛe yɛ sɛnea nsusuwii, su ne dwumadie ahwehwɛdeɛ a ade no, sɛdeɛ rɔba nneɛma koro no ara a wɔde yɛ nkukuo pii a ɛsono structures. Nkuku nhyehyɛe no ne nneɛma a wɔyɛ no yiyedi, sɛnea wɔyɛ no yiye, nkuku a wɔde yɛ adwuma a ɛyɛ den ne ɔsom nkwa wɔ abusuabɔ tẽẽ. Enti, nkuku nhyehyɛe ho nhwehwɛmu ho hia yiye. Sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wɔbɛhwɛ ahu sɛ rɔba nneɛma no wɔ geometry a ɛteɛ ne nsusuwii ahorow bi a ɛyɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ no, ɛsɛ sɛ nkuku nhyehyɛe nhyehyɛe di nnyinasosɛm ahorow a edidi so yi akyi:
(1) Nneɛma a wɔde yɛ rɔba nneɛma no yɛ den, ɛtwetwe ne sɛnea wɔde di dwuma ho ahwehwɛde ahorow no yiye na te ase.
(2) Hwɛ sɛ ade no nsusuwii ne ne nsusuwii te.
(3) Ɛsɛ sɛ nkuku no nhyehyɛe yɛ mmerɛw na ntease wom, ɛsɛ sɛ wotumi de ho to so sɛ wɔde besi hɔ, ɛsɛ sɛ nea wɔde besisi hɔ na wɔapaapae mu no yɛ nea ɛyɛ mmerɛw, na ɛsɛ sɛ ɛyɛ mmerɛw sɛ wɔde bedi dwuma.
(4) Nkuku mu abura dodow fata, a ɛyɛ mmerɛw ma mfiri ne nkuku a wɔde bedi dwuma, na ɛsɛ sɛ wosusuw sɛnea wɔyɛ no yiye ho.
(5) Ɛsɛ sɛ nkuku no nya ahoɔden ne nea ɛyɛ den sɛnea ɛsɛ, na ɛbɔ mmɔden sɛ ɛbɛyɛ ketewaa, emu duru yɛ hare, ɛnyɛ den sɛ wɔbɛyɛ ho adwuma, na ɛne ɔkwan a wɔfa so yɛ no ahyia.
(6) Ɛsɛ sɛ nkuku no mu no yɛ nea ɛfata sɛ wɔde ade no bɛhyɛ mu na wɔayi afi mu, na sɛ wɔde vulcanizing reyɛ a, ɛsɛ sɛ rɔba ade no nya nhyɛso a ɛdɔɔso.
(7) Ɛsɛ sɛ nkuku no nya pɛpɛɛpɛyɛ pɔtee bi, wie na ntease wom sɛ ɛbɛpaapae mu, a ɛnyɛ den sɛ wobetwitwa.
(8) Ɛsɛ sɛ nkuku no nya rɔba a abubu na ama ayɛ mmerɛw sɛ wɔbɛhohoro ho.
(9) Ɛsɛ sɛ nkuku no nhyehyɛe ne serialization ne standardization hyia, na wɔbɔ mmɔden sɛ wobɛyɛ nneɛma pii yiye.
Efi ahwehwɛde ahorow a ɛwɔ nkuku nhyehyɛe mu no, yebetumi ahu sɛ nneɛma a ɛka nneɛma a wɔde yɛ nkuku no bi ne nkuku a ɛyɛ den, nkuku a ɛko tia, afiri a wɔde yi fi mu, ne nea ɛkeka ho.
1.2.1.1 Nkukuo a ɛyɛ den
Mpɛn pii no, rɔba nkuku de nkuku a wɔaka abom na edi dwuma, enti nneɛma a ɛtwetwe nneɛma anaasɛ gap fits wɔ nkuku no mu. Wɔ adeyɛ no mu no, wɔ tumi a ɛkyekyere anaasɛ nhyɛso a wɔde hyɛ mu no adeyɛ ase no, nkuku no afã horow no taa yɛ nea ɛyɛ den sɛ ɛbɛsakra, na sɛ wobue nkuku no mu a, saa nkuku yi bɛma dade ne dade ani ntam akasakasa. Sɛ elastic rebound no yɛ kɛse a, ɛbɛma tumi a ɛtwetwe ade nso aba rɔba no ne nkuku no ani ntam, na ahyɛ frame no mfinimfini ma ayɛ arc, na wɔayi rɔba ade no afi frame no seam a ɛyɛ kurukuruwa no mu. Ne saa nti, sɛnea nkuku no bue no kɔ soro, na ɛma ɛyɛ den sɛ wobeyi nkuku no afi hɔ, na ɛma ade no mu tetew, na mpo nkuku no tew (mpɛn pii no, ade no wɔ dade nnompe ade). Enti, ɛsɛ sɛ sɛnea wɔyɛ nkuku no hwɛ hu sɛ afã horow a wɔayɛ no sɛ ɛyɛ den sɛnea ɛsɛ.
1.2.1.2 Demolding a εko tia
Sɛ wɔde ade no dimolded a, ɛho hia sɛ wodi nkuku no bue a ɛko tia ne ejection a ɛko tia no so nkonim. Nneɛma a wɔyɛ no yiyedi mu sintɔ dodow no ara a ɛnam nsunsu a ɛnkɔ yiye so ba no ne eyi wɔ abusuabɔ. Ejection resistance no fi tumi a ɛkura ade no mu kɔ core no mu titiriw, a tumi a ɛnam shrinkage, extrusion, bonding ne friction a ɛda rɔba ne dade no ani so de ba ka ho. Saa tumi ahorow yi ka bom anaasɛ wɔka bom wɔ akwan horow so ma ɛka aduru no a wɔayi no adi no.
1.2.1.3 Nneɛma a wɔde yi nneɛma fi nipadua mu
Ejection afiri no nya ejection nkɛntɛnso no so nkɛntɛnso tẽẽ, wɔtaa de demoulding ejector poma no si nkuku no mfinimfini gyinabea, na ɛnsɛ sɛ demoulding ejector poma no cross-sectional beae no yɛ ketewaa dodo, sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wobesiw ahoɔden a ɛboro so wɔ unit area biara mu ano, ɛnyɛ den sɛ wɔbɛma nneɛma a ɛyɛ tratraa no atifi abubu anaasɛ nneɛma a ɛwɔ dade nnompe deformation. Sɛ wɔreyɛ nneɛma a ɛwɔ beaeɛ kɛseɛ ne emu duru a, sɛdeɛ ɛbɛyɛ a wɔasiw friction a ɛboro soɔ a ɛnam ejection action jamming anaa ejector rod no bending so ba no ano no, ɛsɛ sɛ wɔde demolding guide block a ɛyɛ bɛyɛ ¢100mm, anaa nea ɛboro saa hyehyɛ mold ejector rod assembly no wɔ mold pad no mu, nanso ɛhia sɛ ɛkari pɛ.
1.2.2 Nkɛntɛnso a nkukuo a wɔyɛ nya wɔ nkukuo a wɔayi no adi so
Bere a wɔreyɛ nkuku no, ɛsɛ sɛ wɔhwɛ abura no, core surface roughness, ne gap a ɛwɔ mating surface a ɛwɔ insert structure no mu no yiye, anyɛ saa a ɛbɛka mold release a ɛwɔ ade no mu. Ɔkwan a ɛda nea wɔde hyɛ mu ne nea wɔde aware no ntam no sõ dodo, rɔba no wɔ nsu su bere a wɔayɛ no hyew no, na ɛnyɛ den sɛ wɔbɛpiapia rɔba no bere a wɔde nkuku no ahyɛ mu ma no, na ɛyɛ hann a ɛyɛ den, na esiw demolding ne ade a wɔde yɛ no hwɛbea kwan kɛse. Afei nso, wɔ nneɛma a ɛwɔ ɔfasu a ɛyɛ tratraa a emu dɔ ho no, sɛ wɔtow gu a, wɔyɛ vacuum wɔ ɔfã no ne nea ɛwɔ mu no ani, na ɛma ɛyɛ den sɛ wobeyi nsusuwso afi mu. Enti, sɛ wɔyɛ nkuku no a, ɛsɛ sɛ emu no nya ntokuru a ɛfata a mframa fa mu anaasɛ emu no ani yɛ mmerɛw kakra (a ennya ade no su so nkɛntɛnso), na ɛno ma nkuku no fi adi.
1.3 Nkɛntɛnso a adeyɛ nhyehyɛe parameters nya wɔ mold release so
Nneɛma a wɔyɛ no fa nneɛma no su mu sintɔ ahorow ho, a nea ɛka ho ne injection nhyɛso, kura nhyɛso nhyɛso, vulcanization ɔhyew, gluu a ɛwɔ mu, vulcanization bere, ne nea ɛkeka ho wɔ nkɛntɛnso kɛse wɔ demolding no so. Sɛ injection nhyɛso no yɛ kɛse dodo a, ɛbɛma nkuku no afã horow no ayɛ elastic deformation na ama extrusion ahoɔden aba. Sɛ bere a wɔde kura mu no kyɛ dodo a, nhyɛso a ɛwɔ nkuku no mu no kɔ soro, na ɛno bɛma tumi a ɛtwetwe ne molecule orientation stress no akɔ soro. Bere koro no ara mu no, tumi a wɔde hyɛ nhyɛso a wɔde kura mu no yɛ kɛse dodo na bere no kyɛ dodo, na ɛno nso bɛma adeyɛ no ahyɛ mu ma, ɛde emu nhyɛso kɛse aba, na nso ama nkuku no afã horow no asɛe anaasɛ ɛhyerɛn wɔ aware no ani no ntam, na ama demolding no ayɛ den kɛse. Vulcanization ɔhyew, rɔba a ɛwɔ mu dodow, vulcanization bere no fa shrinkage rate a rɔba, vulcanized rɔba yɛ mmerɛw sɛ wɔbɛyɛ san kɔ mfitiase adeyɛ no wɔ ɔhyew a ɛkorɔn, shrinkage rate kɛse rɔba akyi vulcanization, vice versa, nketewa shrinkage. Dodow a rɔba a ɛwɔ mu no kɔ soro no, dodow no ara na ɛtwetwe no, dodow no ara na rɔba no sua, dodow no ara na ɛtwetwe no sua, dodow no ara na vulcanization bere no kyɛ, dodow no ara na cross-linking no yɛ kɛse, shrinkage rate ketewaa no, vulcanization bere tiaa, crosslinking bere ketewaa no, shrinkage rate no yɛ kɛse, na shrinkage rate no yɛ kɛse wɔ process, the shrinkage rate yɛ kɛse wɔ under-vulcanization anaa per-vulcanization mu, na shrinkage rate a ɛba fam koraa no yɛ kɛse wɔ vulcanization beae pa no nkutoo, na tumi a ɛkura nkuku a ɛwɔ complex core ne insert structure no nso yɛ kɛse, a ɛnyɛ papa mma demolding a wɔde yɛ ade no.
1.4 Nkɛntɛnso a ɔkwan a wɔfa so yɛ adwuma nya wɔ nkuku a wɔayi no adi so
Nkuku abien a wɔahyehyɛ no yiye, te sɛ rɔba ade koro a wɔde di dwuma ne ɔkwan koro no ara a wɔfa so yɛ adwuma, esiane adwumayɛfo no ahokokwaw ne akwan horow nti, nkɛntɛnso a wogyae a wonya no nso yɛ soronko. Enti, ɛho hia sɛ wuhu ɔkwan a wɔfa so yi ade no fi mu no yiye na wo ho akokwaw na ama woanya demolding tumi pa. Akwan kakraa bi a ntease wom a wɔfa so gyae nneɛma ni:
(1) Nsaano demolding yɛ akwan a rɔba nneɛma fa so yi nneɛma fi nkuku no mu ne nkuku no mu, a ɛfata ma afã nketewa ahorow ne rɔba nneɛma a ɛyɛ den kɛse no mu biako.
(2) Wɔde mfiri demolding di dwuma kɛse ma injection molding nkuku, die-casting nkuku ne rɔba nneɛma akɛse afoforo.
(3) Air demolding yɛ mframa a wɔahyɛ no den anaa vacuum suction cup a wɔde yi nneɛma fi mu, ne ade kɛse ne: ɛma nkuku no nhyehyɛe yɛ mmerɛw, ɛma bere a wobue ne nea wɔto mu no yɛ tiaa, ɛtew adwumayɛfo ahoɔden so, na ɛma nneɛma a wɔyɛ no tu mpɔn.
(4) Deformation demolding titiriw ne elasticity ne elongation pa a wɔde di dwuma wɔ rɔba mu, de nhyɛso a wɔhyɛ anaasɛ elongation deformation di dwuma, sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wobenya demolding nkɛntɛnso no.
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(6) Insert demolding fata ma nea ɛyɛ den kɛse anaa nneɛma a ɛwɔ inserts.
1.5 Nkɛntɛnso a nsunsuo a wɔhwɛ so nya wɔ nsunsuo a wɔayi no adi so
Nkuku abien a wɔahyehyɛ no yiye, sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wobɛtrɛw ne nkwa nna mu na woahwɛ ahu sɛ nneɛma no yɛ papa, wɔ ahwɛyiye a wode bedi dwuma akyi no, ɛsɛ sɛ wohwɛ nkuku no siesie nso. Sɛ wɔde nkuku no di dwuma wie a, ɛsɛ sɛ wɔhwɛ nneɛma a edidi so yi mu:
(1) Sɛ́ ebia nkuku no asɛe, titiriw nkuku no abura anaa nkuku no ntama. Sɛ wɔsɛe nkuku no wie a, ɛnyɛ nea ɛfata sɛ wɔde dade nnompe anaasɛ ɛyɛ den kɛse beyi rɔba nneɛma a wɔde yɛ nneɛma no afi hɔ.
(2) Sɛ́ ebia nhwi a ɛsansan na ɛtwetwe wɔ aware fã no mu anaa. Ɛbɛyɛ nsonsonoe ne agyiraehyɛde bere a nkuku no ayɛ mmerɛw na wɔatwe no, na sɛ wɔpiapia rɔba ade no wie a, ɛyɛ den sɛ wobegyae nkuku no, na mpo atetew ade no mu.
(3) Sɛ́ ebia wotumi de ho to gyinabea a wɔde si hɔ no so anaa. Mpɛn pii no, wɔde nsusuwso ahorow pii a wɔaka abom na ɛyɛ nkuku no mu, na sɛ wɔmfa nsi hɔ a ɛnteɛ a, ɛbɛma nkuku no mu ntam kwan anaasɛ asɛe.
(4) Sɛ́ ebia nkuku no ani yɛ torotoro ne sɛnea efĩ tebea no te. Sɛ nkuku no mu ayɛ nwunu anaasɛ ɛho agu fĩ wie a, akasakasa kɛse bɛba bere a wɔretu nkuku no, na ɛno nyɛ nea ɛfata sɛ wobeyi ade no afi hɔ.
(5) Sɛ́ ebia movable matching core ne ejector accessories a ɛwɔ nkuku no mu no awie anaa.
Sɛ ɔhaw ahorow a yɛaka ho asɛm wɔ atifi hɔ no wɔ hɔ a, ɛsɛ sɛ wosiesie nkuku no, siesie, ɛmma nkannare nsɛe, ne nea ɛkeka ho.
2 Ahwɛyiye a ɛsɛ sɛ yɛyɛ
Atifi hɔ no hwehwɛ nkɛntɛnso a nneɛma ahorow nya wɔ nneɛma a wɔsɛe no so, na ɛde akwan a ɛne no hyia a wɔde ko tia nneɛma biara a ɛwɔ nkɛntɛnso no to gua. Wobetumi anoa nneɛma atitiriw a wɔbɛyɛ de akwati sɛ nsunsu a ɛnkɔ yiye no ayɛ:
(1) Ɛnyɛ den sɛ wobetutu afiri no nhyehyɛe, na ɛsɛ sɛ wɔde demolding slope a ɛdɔɔso wɔ hɔ.
(2) Nsusuwii a wɔde yɛ nkuku no yɛ nea ntease wom, na wɔma nkuku no mu yɛ den sɛnea wobetumi biara.
(3) Fa ntease kyerɛ sɛnea wɔyɛ nneɛma no parameters.
(4) Ma adwumayɛfo dwumadi atu mpɔn.
(5) Hwɛ sɛnea wosiesie nkuku no yiye.
(6) Tew akasakasa so na fa ade a ɛfata a ɛma nsunsu fi mu di dwuma.
(7) Paw viscosity formula a ntease wom na ɛfata.
