Muri rusange, ibicuruzwa bibumbabumbwe bigomba kubumbabumbwa muburyo buboneye kugirango bitunganyirizwe, ibicuruzwa bya reberi nyuma yubushyuhe bwo hejuru, umuvuduko ukabije w’umuvuduko ukabije, biva mu cyuho cyangiritse cyangwa intoki zisanzwe zizwi nko kurekura ibumba. Kugabanuka nabi ni imwe mu mpamvu zingenzi zitera inenge nziza y'ibicuruzwa bya reberi n'ingaruka ku musaruro. Irashobora gutera inenge nko kugoreka no gutanyagura ibice, ndetse bimwe byangiza ifumbire, bizana ibibazo mubikorwa bisanzwe. Kwiga ibintu bitameze neza bigira ingaruka kumanuka wibicuruzwa bya reberi bifite akamaro kanini kugirango harebwe ubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa, gukumira inenge, gukumira ibicuruzwa, no kunoza umusaruro.

1. Ibintu bigira ingaruka kumanuka wibicuruzwa bya reberi

Kugabanuka nabi kw'ibikoresho bya reberi bivuze cyane ko iyo ibicuruzwa bisohotse, bidashobora kugwa neza. Ibi biterwa nibintu byinshi bigira ingaruka, ibyo bintu biragoye mubijyanye nundi, kandi urwego rwingaruka nigaragaza biratandukanye, cyane cyane nko gushushanya ibicuruzwa bya reberi, gushushanya ibicuruzwa no gukora, uburyo bwo gukora, uburyo bwo gukora, kubungabunga ibumba, nibindi.

1.1 Ingaruka zo gushushanya reberi kubicuruzwa

Igishushanyo cyibicuruzwa bya reberi bigira ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye ku irekurwa ry’ibicuruzwa, bityo igishushanyo mbonera kigomba kuba cyujuje ibisabwa byo kumanura ibicuruzwa byoroshye. Ikintu nyamukuru kigira ingaruka kumyidagaduro mugushushanya ibicuruzwa ni ahantu hahanamye, kugirango ufungure ifumbire kandi usohokemo ibicuruzwa, hejuru yimbere ninyuma yubuso bugororotse hagomba gutangwa ahantu hahanamye. Nubwo ibicuruzwa bimwe bifite aho bigarukira, agaciro ni gake cyane, kandi ibicuruzwa bimwe bifite gusa umusozi wubuso bwinyuma, wirengagije umusozi wimbere imbere nimbavu zimbere no kwihangana; Ibicuruzwa bimwe bidafite aho bihurira na gato, bizana ingorane zo kumanura ibicuruzwa. Ibicuruzwa bimaze gutekwa, kugabanuka kwa centripetal bibaho bitewe no gukonjesha ibicuruzwa, bitanga imbaraga nini zifata kumurongo cyangwa pin, bikabuza kumeneka. Niba ahantu hahanamye hiyongereye, iyi myigaragambyo irashobora kugabanuka cyane, kandi inenge nko gutanyagura ibicuruzwa kubera kubura ahahanamye nayo irashobora kwirindwa. Ahantu hahanamye hajyanye nuburyo nubunini bwibicuruzwa, mubisanzwe bigenwa muburyo bufatika, kandi umusozi wibicuruzwa rusange uri hagati ya 1 ° ~ 3 °.

1.2 Ingaruka zo gushushanya no gukora muburyo bwo kurekura

1.2.1 Ingaruka zubushakashatsi bwibishushanyo mbonera

Ububiko bwa reberi ni kimwe mu bikoresho by'ingenzi bikenerwa mu gukora ibicuruzwa bya reberi, ihame ryo gukanda ibumba rishobora kugabanywa mu buryo bwo gutera inshinge, gupfa bipfuye, gushushanya imashini ikurikije imiterere, ibiranga no gukoresha ibisabwa mu bicuruzwa, ukurikije ibicuruzwa bimwe na bimwe byo gushushanya kugira ngo dushushanye ibishushanyo byinshi by'inzego zitandukanye. Imiterere yububiko ifitanye isano itaziguye nubwiza bwibicuruzwa, gukora neza, gutunganya ibicuruzwa hamwe nubuzima bwa serivisi. Kubwibyo, igishushanyo mbonera cyubushakashatsi ni ngombwa. Kugirango tumenye neza ko ibicuruzwa bya reberi bifite geometrike ikwiye kandi ifite uburinganire bwuzuye, igishushanyo mbonera kigomba gukurikiza amahame akurikira:

(1) Menya kandi wumve ubukana, kugabanuka no gukoresha ibisabwa mubikoresho bikoreshwa mubicuruzwa bya reberi.

(2) Menya neza imiterere n'ibicuruzwa.

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(8) Ifumbire igomba kuba ifite reberi yamenetse kugirango yorohereze.

(9) Igishushanyo mbonera kigomba guhuza na serialisation na standardisation, kandi igaharanira guhuza byinshi.

Uhereye kubisabwa kugirango ibishushanyo mbonera biboneke, birashobora kugaragara ko ibintu bigira ingaruka kumanuka wibicuruzwa birimo gukomera, kurwanya ibimanuka, uburyo bwo gusohora, nibindi.

1.2.1.1 Gukomera

Ububiko bwa reberi muri rusange bukoresha ibishushanyo mbonera, bityo rero hakaba hari intera ihuza cyangwa icyuho gihuye. Mubikorwa byo kubyaza umusaruro, mugikorwa cyingufu zifata cyangwa igitutu cyo gutera inshinge, ibice bibumbabumbwe bikunda guhinduka cyane, kandi iyo ifungura ifunguye, ubwo buryo bwo guhindura ibintu buzatera ubushyamirane hagati yicyuma nicyuma. Niba elastike isubiranamo nini, bizatera kandi imbaraga zo gusohora hagati ya reberi nubuso bwububiko, guhatira hagati yikadiri guhinduka arc, kandi ibikoresho bya reberi bivanwa mumurongo ugoramye. Nkigisubizo, kurwanya ifumbire mvaruganda byiyongera, bikaviramo ingorane zo kumeneka, bigatuma ibicuruzwa bitanyagurika, ndetse nububiko bukavaho (mubisanzwe ibicuruzwa bifite ibikoresho bya skeleton yicyuma). Kubwibyo, igishushanyo mbonera kigomba kwemeza ko ibice byabumbwe bifite ubukana buhagije.

1.2.1.2

Iyo ibicuruzwa bimaze kumanikwa, birakenewe kunesha uburyo bwo gufungura no kurwanya gusohora. Ibyinshi mubicuruzwa bifite ubuziranenge biterwa no kurekurwa nabi bifitanye isano nibi. Kurwanya gusohora ahanini biva mu gufata imbaraga zicuruzwa kugeza ku ndunduro, harimo imbaraga zatewe no kugabanuka, gusohora, guhuza hamwe no guterana hagati ya reberi n’icyuma. Izi mbaraga zishobora kwiyongera cyangwa guhuzwa muburyo butandukanye kugirango bigire ingaruka ku irekurwa ryibicuruzwa.

1.2.1.3 Uburyo bwo gusohora

Uburyo bwo gusohora bugira ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye ingaruka zo gusohora, inkoni ya ejector ya demoulding isanzwe ishyirwa mumwanya wo hagati wikibumbano, kandi agace kambukiranya igice cyinkoni ya ejector ntigomba kuba nto cyane, kugirango hirindwe imbaraga zikabije kuri buri gice, biroroshye gukora ibicuruzwa bito cyane kumeneka cyangwa ibicuruzwa hamwe no guhindura ibyuma bya skeleton. Mugihe utanga ibicuruzwa bifite ahantu hanini nuburemere buremereye, kugirango wirinde guterana gukabije guterwa nigikorwa cyo gusohora kivanze cyangwa kugonda inkoni ya ejector, padi ibumba igomba kuba ifite ibyuma biyobora bigera kuri mm 100mm, cyangwa byinshi bigashyiraho inteko yibikoresho, ariko bigomba kuringanizwa.

1.2.2 Ingaruka zo gukora ibumba kubirekura

Mugihe cyo gukora ibishushanyo mbonera, umwobo, uburinganire bwibanze, hamwe nu cyuho cyo guhuza imiterere yimiterere yinjizwamo bigomba kugenzurwa cyane, bitabaye ibyo bikagira ingaruka kumurekure wibicuruzwa. Ikinyuranyo kiri hagati yo gushiramo nubuso bwo gushyingiranwa ni kinini cyane, reberi ifite ibintu byamazi iyo bishyushye, kandi reberi iroroshye kuyinyunyuza mugihe cyo kuzuza ibumba, ikora flash yijimye, ibuza cyane kumeneka no kugaragara kubicuruzwa. Byongeye kandi, kubintu byimbitse-binini byoroheje bikikijwe, iyo bisohotse, habaho icyuho hejuru yikigice hamwe nintangiriro, bikaviramo ingorane zo kumeneka. Kubwibyo, iyo ifumbire ikozwe, intangiriro igomba kugira imyenge ikwiye yo gufata ikirere cyangwa ubuso bwibanze buringaniye (bitagize ingaruka kumiterere yibicuruzwa), bifasha kurekura ibicuruzwa.

1.3 Ingaruka yimikorere yibikorwa byo gusohora ibicuruzwa

Ibipimo byerekana umusaruro bifitanye isano nubusembwa bwibicuruzwa, muri byo harimo igitutu cyo gutera inshinge, gufata umuvuduko w’umuvuduko, ubushyuhe bw’ibirunga, ibirimo kole, igihe cy’ibirunga, n'ibindi bigira uruhare runini ku kumeneka. Iyo igitutu cyo gutera inshinge kiri hejuru cyane, bizatera ihinduka ryimiterere yibice kandi bitera imbaraga zo gukuramo. Niba igihe cyo gufata ari kirekire cyane, umuvuduko uri mu cyuho cyiyongereye, ibyo bigatuma imbaraga zo gukata hamwe na molekuliyumu yerekanwe kwiyongera. Muri icyo gihe, gufata imbaraga zo gutera inshinge ni ndende cyane kandi igihe ni kirekire cyane, ibyo na byo bizatera inzira kuzura, bitange imihangayiko minini y'imbere, kandi binatera ihinduka ry'ibice bibumbabumbwe cyangwa urumuri hagati yo gushyingiranwa, bigatuma gusenya bigorana. Ubushyuhe bwa Vulcanisation, igipimo cyibikoresho bya reberi, igihe cyibirunga bifitanye isano nigabanuka ryikigereranyo cya reberi, reberi y’ibirunga byoroshye kubyara umusaruro ugaruka kubintu byambere mubushyuhe bwinshi, umuvuduko munini wo kugabanuka kwa reberi nyuma y’ibirunga, ubundi, kugabanuka guke. Iyo igipimo cya reberi kiri hejuru, niko bigenda bigabanuka, niko kugabanuka kwa reberi, niko kugabanuka kugabanuka, igihe kinini cy’ibirunga, niko urwego rwo guhuza imipaka, igipimo gito cyo kugabanuka, igihe gito cy’ibirunga, igihe gito cyo guhuzagurika, igipimo cyo kugabanuka ni kinini, kandi igipimo cyo kugabanuka ni kinini mu buryo bwo kugabanuka, ni nini gusa kuri positif nziza yibirunga, kandi imbaraga zifata ifumbire hamwe ningingo zingirakamaro hamwe ninjizamo imiterere nayo nini, ibyo ntibifasha gusenya ibicuruzwa.

1.4 Ingaruka yuburyo bukoreshwa mubikorwa byo kurekura

Ikibumbano cyubatswe neza, nko gukoresha ibikoresho bimwe bya reberi no gukoresha inzira imwe, bitewe nubuhanga butandukanye nuburyo bukoreshwa, ingaruka zo kurekura zabonetse nazo ziratandukanye. Niyo mpamvu, birakenewe kumenyera no kumenya uburyo bwo kumanura ibicuruzwa kugirango tubone ingaruka nziza. Hano hari uburyo buke bwo kurekura:

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(6) Shyiramo demolding ikwiranye nibindi bigoye cyangwa ibicuruzwa byinjizwamo.

1.5 Ingaruka zo gufata neza ibicuruzwa kurekurwa

Ikibumbano hamwe nuburyo bufite ishingiro, kugirango wongere ubuzima bwa serivisi kandi urebe neza ibicuruzwa, usibye kubikoresha neza, ugomba no kwitondera kubungabunga ibumba. Ifumbire imaze gukoreshwa, ibintu bikurikira bigomba kugenzurwa:

(1) Niba ifumbire yarahinduwe, cyane cyane umwobo wububiko cyangwa ikadiri. Iyo ifumbire imaze guhindurwa, ntabwo ifasha gusenya ibicuruzwa bya reberi hamwe na skeleton yicyuma cyangwa gukomera cyane.

(2) Niba hariho kurekura no gukurura umusatsi mugice cyo gushyingiranwa. Hazabaho icyuho nibimenyetso mugihe ifumbire irekuye kandi ikururwa, hanyuma ibikoresho bya reberi bimaze gukubitwa, biragoye kurekura ifu, ndetse no gutanyagura ibicuruzwa.

(3) Niba imyanya yizewe. Ububiko bwububiko busanzwe bukozwe mubishusho byinshi bishyizwe hamwe, kandi guhagarara nabi bizatera icyuho cyangwa guhindura imiterere.

(4) Niba ubuso bwurwobo rworoshye kandi ibintu bimeze bite. Iyo umwobo wibumba umaze kubora cyangwa kubeshyera, hazavamo ubushyamirane bunini mugihe cyo kumena, ibyo bikaba bidafasha kumena ibicuruzwa.

(5) Niba ibimukanwa byimukanwa hamwe nibikoresho bya ejector mububiko byuzuye.

Niba hari ibibazo byavuzwe haruguru, ifu igomba gusanwa, gusukurwa, ingese, nibindi.

2 Kwirinda

Isesengura ryavuzwe haruguru risesengura ingaruka zimpamvu zitandukanye kumanuka wibicuruzwa, kandi rishyiraho ingamba zihuye na buri kintu kigira ingaruka. Ingamba zifatizo zo kwirinda kurekurwa nabi zirashobora gutekwa kugeza:

(1) Imiterere yibicuruzwa byoroshye kumeneka, kandi hagomba kubaho ahantu hahanamye.

(2) Imiterere yububiko irashyize mu gaciro, kandi gukomera gukomeye kunozwa bishoboka.

(3) Shyira mu gaciro ibipimo byerekana umusaruro.

(4) Kunoza urwego rw'imikorere y'abakozi.

(5) Witondere kubungabunga ibumba.

(6) Kugabanya ubushyamirane no gukoresha uburyo bukwiye bwo kurekura.

(7) Hitamo formulaire yumvikana kandi ikwiye.