Imikhiqizo eminingi yenjoloba iyabunjwa, futhi ngemva kokubunjwa, i-vulcanization ukuthola imikhiqizo enezakhiwo ezifanelekayo zomzimba, ukubukeka komkhiqizo akunawo amaphutha amakhulu, kodwa indlela evamile yokusika ayikwazi ukulungisa izidingo zokubukeka komkhiqizo, kukhona ama-burrs amancane angeke asuswe, ukulungiswa kwezandla noma ukuchithwa kubangela ukuchithwa kwezomnotho okuningi.
Ngalesi sikhathi, ukwakheka kwesakhiwo somugqa wokubumba isikhunta somkhiqizo kubaluleke kakhulu, indlela yokuklama udebe, umugqa wokuchichima kanye ne-groove echichimayo, njll., ngeke kuchazwe lapha, ungabhekisela ku-'Rubber Mold Design Manual'.
Ukugxila kwalesi sihloko ukuchaza kusukela kufomula kanye nenqubo, ngoba isikhunta ngokuvamile siklanywe asikwazi ukuguqula noma ukulahla isikhunta (imfucumfucu yezomnotho), ngokuvamile sithola unjiniyela wefomula ukuze aguqule ifomula noma aguqule inqubo ukuze kuzuzwe ukudabuka kalula.
Lapha, akunconywa ukulungisa ifomula njalo, ngoba ukuguqulwa kwefomula kuvame ukubandakanya ukuthi izinkomba eziningi zomzimba nezamakhemikhali ngaphakathi zihlangabezana nezidingo zokusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo yenjoloba, ngaphandle kokunye, ngqo esixazululweni:
1. Ngenxa yezinga lokushisa eliphezulu lenqubo (ukuxuba, ukuncibilika, ukupaka), ukushisisa okuncane okubangelwa (ngezinye izikhathi i-rheometer ibheka ishadi lomlando we-vulcanization ML, TS1 kanye nokunye uketshezi nokuguquguquka kokuqala), okuholela ebunzimeni bokunquma.
Isixazululo: khulisa izinga lokugeleza kwesistimu yamanzi okupholisa i-mixer noma sebenzisa umshini wokushisa wesikhunta esibandayo (ukuhlanza njalo isikali se-calcium sepayipi); Isigayo singakwazi ukubhoboza i-roller ukwandisa ukugeleza kwamanzi okupholisa ku-roller ukunciphisa izinga lokushisa (indlela yokuxuba nayo iyasebenza); Ukupaka ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze kuncishiswe izinga lokushisa ekamelweni lokushisa, akukhuthazwa ukupakisha ngobuningi, okungabangela kalula izinga lokushisa eliphakathi nendawo futhi kubangele ukushisa.
2. Ukuhlakazwa kwezinto zenjoloba azilingani, futhi kunzima ukudabula unqenqema olubangelwa izinto eziphakeme zendawo.
Isixazululo: Hlela ngokunengqondo ukuhleleka nesikhathi sokulethwa kwempahla, ukuhlakazwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo nokuncibilika kuhlangabezana nezidingo zenqubo, futhi izithasiselo zokuhlakazwa kwenjoloba zingangezwa ngokufanele ekwakhiweni kwefomula.
3. Izinga lokushisa le-vulcanization liphezulu kakhulu, okuholela emiphethweni ephukayo.
Isixazululo: khetha izinga lokushisa le-vulcanization ngesakhiwo somkhiqizo esinengqondo, awukwazi ukuphishekela ngokungaboni umthamo wokukhiqiza, kulimaze i-entropy yenjoloba kanye nezinga le-vulcanization yesakhiwo sendawo lihlukile.
4. Unqenqema lwenjoloba elivuvukele alilingani ngogqinsi futhi iphutha lendebe yesikhunta likhulu.
Isixazululo: Shintsha isikhunta ukuze sihlangabezane nezidingo zephutha lokuklama futhi sihlangabezane nezidingo zokukhiqiza.
5. I-Mooney yento yerabha inkulu, futhi 'amandla aluhlaza' wento yenjoloba inkulu.
Isixazululo: Ingenziwa ngepulasitiki, inciphise ipulasitiki, futhi ithuthukise ukugcwala kwenjoloba; Ukwakhiwa kubheka i-Mooney viscosity kanye nokushiswa kwe-Mooney kwenhlanganisela.
6. I-fluidity yezinto zenjoloba impofu.
Isixazululo: Lapho uklama ifomula, cabangela uketshezi, engeza izithasiselo zokugeleza, izisabalalisi, izinto ezithambisayo nama-resin, njll., ukuze uthuthukise uketshezi lwento yenjoloba, kodwa inhlanganisela iyonke kufanele ihlangabezane nemingcele yomklamo womkhiqizo kanye nezidingo zenqubo yokukhiqiza.
7. Unqenqema oluchichimayo lwento yenjoloba luminyene futhi alukwazi ukudabuka.
Isixazululo: ukwandisa ukucindezela kwesikhunta se-vulcanization; Ukuguqulwa kwesikhunta ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zokukhiqiza; Yehlisa i-Mooney (ukuqina) kwenhlanganisela, ukuze irabha ibe 'nokuthamba' okungcono kanye noketshezi.
8. Ukwakhiwa kwefomula akunangqondo.
Isixazululo: Ngenxa yokuthi ifomula ibhekwa ezicini eziningi, ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zokukhiqiza, imingcele yokuklama umkhiqizo kanye nezinga lokufaneleka, njll. Imiklamo eqondile ingatholakala ku-studio yethu ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukwakheka okusebenzayo okungabizi futhi okuvumelana nefekthri.
9. Ezinye izizathu: ukugcinwa okungenangqondo, ukwehluleka noma ukuhlanganiswa kwezinto; Isikhathi esishisayo sokukhethwa kwenjoloba eluhlaza asizinzile; Iglue ehlanganisayo ayikwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo 'zesigaba samanzi sokuxuba'; uhlelo lwe-vulcanization; Ukulinganisa kwe-Accelerator; ukusabalalisa usayizi wezinhlayiyana zokugcwalisa; Ukuncibilika kwe-resin nokunye.
