mankhwala ambiri mphira ndi kuumbidwa, ndipo pambuyo akamaumba, vulcanization kupeza mankhwala ndi katundu oyenerera thupi, maonekedwe a mankhwala alibe vuto lalikulu, koma ochiritsira yokonza njira sangathe kukonza maonekedwe a zofunikira za mankhwala, pali burrs ang'onoang'ono sangathe kuchotsedwa, kukonza pamanja kapena kupukuta kumayambitsa zinyalala zambiri zachuma.
Panthawiyi, mapangidwe apangidwe a nkhungu yokhotakhota ya mankhwala ndi yofunika kwambiri, momwe mungapangire milomo, mzere wosefukira ndi poyambira kusefukira, ndi zina zotero, sizidzafotokozedwa apa, mukhoza kunena za 'Rubber Mold Design Manual'.
Cholinga cha nkhaniyi ndi kufotokoza kuchokera ku chilinganizo ndi ndondomeko, chifukwa nkhungu nthawi zambiri amapangidwa sangathe nthawi zambiri kusintha kapena kuchotsa nkhungu (zinyalala zachuma), nthawi zambiri kupeza chilinganizo injiniya kusintha chilinganizo kapena kusintha ndondomeko kukwaniritsa mosavuta kung'ambika.
Apa, sikoyenera kukonzanso chilinganizo pafupipafupi, chifukwa kusinthidwa kwa formula nthawi zambiri kumaphatikizapo ngati zizindikiro zambiri zakuthupi ndi zamankhwala mkati zimakwaniritsa zofunikira za mankhwala a rabara, popanda kudandaula, mwachindunji pa yankho:
1. Chifukwa cha kutentha kwakukulu kwa ndondomeko (kusakaniza, kusungunula, kuyimitsa magalimoto), kutentha pang'ono komwe kumayambitsa (nthawi zina rheometer imayang'ana tchati cha mbiri ya vulcanization ML, TS1 ndi zina zoyamba za fluidity ndi kusinthasintha), zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuchepetsa.
Yankho: onjezani kuthamanga kwa madzi ozizira osakaniza osakaniza kapena gwiritsani ntchito makina ozizira a nkhungu (nthawi zonse yeretsani kashiamu ka payipi); Mphero imatha kubowola chodzigudubuza kuti chiwonjezeke kuyenda kwa madzi ozizira mu roller kuti muchepetse kutentha (njira yosakaniza ndiyothandizanso); Kuyimitsa magalimoto mwachangu kuti muchepetse kutentha kwa chipinda, sikuvomerezeka kuti muwunjike mochulukira, zomwe zingayambitse kutentha kwapakatikati komanso kuyambitsa kutentha.
2. Kubalalika kwa zinthu za rabara sikuli kofanana, ndipo n'kovuta kung'amba m'mphepete chifukwa cha zinthu zapamwamba zam'deralo.
Yankho: Konzani moyenerera dongosolo ndi nthawi yoperekera zinthu, kubalalitsidwa ndi kusungunuka kwazinthu kumakwaniritsa zofunikira, ndipo zowonjezera zobalalitsa mphira zitha kuwonjezeredwa moyenerera pamapangidwe a formula.
3. Kutentha kwa vulcanization ndikokwera kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti m'mphepete mwake mukhale osasunthika.
Yankho: kusankha vulcanization kutentha ndi dongosolo wololera mankhwala, sangathe mwachimbulimbuli kutsata mphamvu kupanga, kuwononga entropy wa mphira ndi digiri ya vulcanization dongosolo m'deralo ndi osiyana.
4. Mphepete mwa mphira wavulcanized ndi wosafanana mu makulidwe ndipo cholakwika cha milomo ya nkhungu ndi yayikulu.
Yankho: Sinthani nkhungu kuti ikwaniritse zofunikira zolakwitsa zamapangidwe ndikukwaniritsa zosowa zopanga.
5. Mooney wa zinthu za rabara ndi zazikulu, ndipo 'mphamvu yobiriwira' ya zinthu za rabara ndi yaikulu.
Yankho: Ikhoza kupangidwa ndi pulasitiki, kuchepetsa pulasitiki, ndi kusintha madzi a rabara; Kupanga kumaganizira za kukhuthala kwa Mooney ndi kutentha kwa Mooney kwa pawiri.
6. The fluidity wa zinthu mphira ndi osauka.
Yankho: Popanga chilinganizo, ganizirani za fluidity, onjezerani zowonjezera zowonjezera, dispersants, softeners ndi resins, etc., kuti mukhale ndi madzi amtundu wa mphira, koma kuphatikiza kwakukulu kuyenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira za kapangidwe ka mankhwala ndi zofunikira zopangira.
7. Mphepete mwazitsulo za mphira ndi wandiweyani ndipo sungathe kung'ambika.
Yankho: kuonjezera kuthamanga kwa nkhungu vulcanization; Kusintha kwa nkhungu kuti zikwaniritse zofunikira zopanga; Chepetsani kuuma kwa Mooney (kuuma) kwa pawiri, kuti mphira ukhale wabwino 'kufewa' ndi madzimadzi.
8. Mapangidwe a fomula ndi osamveka.
Yankho: Chifukwa chilinganizocho chimaganiziridwa m'mbali zambiri, kukwaniritsa zofunikira zopangira, magawo a mapangidwe azinthu ndi chiwerengero cha ziyeneretso, ndi zina zotero. Mapangidwe enieni angapezeke mu studio yathu kuti apange zopangira zogwira ntchito zotsika mtengo komanso zokomera fakitale.
9. Zifukwa zina: kusungirako kosayenera, kulephera kapena kuphatikizika kwa zinthu; Nthawi yotentha ya kusankha raba yaiwisi ndi yosakhazikika; Guluu wosakaniza sangathe kukwaniritsa zofunikira za 'kusakaniza kwamadzi'; vulcanization dongosolo; Kufananiza kwa Accelerator; kugawa tinthu tating'onoting'ono; Kusungunuka kwa utomoni ndi zina zotero.
