Zopangira mphira za thovu zimapangidwa ndi njira yakuthupi kapena yamankhwala yotulutsa thovu ndi mphira ngati zinthu zoyambira kuti mupeze zinthu zopangidwa ndi siponji ngati mphira. Tekinolojeyi yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana opanga, monga zitseko zamagalimoto ndi zisindikizo zamawindo, zomangira zomangira, ma gaskets omanga nyumba, zida za chivomezi, malo oteteza masewera, ndi zina zambiri.
Nthawi zambiri, zinthu zopangidwa ndi mphira ziyenera kuumbidwa kudzera mu nkhungu yofananira yopangira mphira, chinthu cha mphira pambuyo pa kutentha kwambiri, kuthamanga kwamphamvu, kuchokera ku nkhungu kapena pachimake cha nkhungu amadziwika kuti kumasulidwa kwa nkhungu. Kuwonongeka koyipa ndi chimodzi mwazifukwa zofunika pakuwonongeka kwa zinthu za raba komanso kukhudzidwa kwa kupanga bwino. Zitha kuyambitsa zolakwika monga kupotoza ndi kung'ambika kwa ziwalo, ndipo zina zimatha kuwononga nkhungu, zomwe zimabweretsa zovuta kupanga bwino. Kuwerenga zinthu zoyipa zomwe zimakhudza kugwetsedwa kwa zinthu za mphira ndikofunikira kwambiri kuwonetsetsa kuti zinthu zili bwino, kupewa zolakwika, kupewa kuwonongeka, komanso kukonza magwiridwe antchito.
Common khalidwe mavuto ndi njira zothetsera thovu labala 1、Mabowo osakwanira thobvu 2. Osakwanira kudzaza nkhungu 3. Osafanana thovu mabowo (aakulu kapena ang'onoang'ono kwambiri) 4. over-vulcanization kapena pansi-vulcanization
mankhwala ambiri mphira ndi kuumbidwa, ndipo pambuyo akamaumba, vulcanization kupeza mankhwala ndi katundu oyenerera thupi, maonekedwe a mankhwala alibe vuto lalikulu, koma ochiritsira yokonza njira sangathe kukonza maonekedwe a zofunikira za mankhwala, pali burrs ang'onoang'ono sangathe kuchotsedwa, kukonza pamanja kapena kupukuta kumayambitsa zinyalala zambiri zachuma. Panthawiyi, mapangidwe apangidwe a nkhungu yokhotakhota ya mankhwala ndi yofunika kwambiri, momwe mungapangire milomo, mzere wosefukira ndi poyambira kusefukira, ndi zina zotero, sizidzafotokozedwa apa, mukhoza kunena za 'Rubber Mold Design Manual'. Cholinga cha nkhaniyi ndi kufotokoza kuchokera ku chilinganizo ndi ndondomeko, chifukwa nkhungu nthawi zambiri amapangidwa sangathe nthawi zambiri kusintha kapena kuchotsa nkhungu (zinyalala zachuma), nthawi zambiri kupeza chilinganizo injiniya kusintha chilinganizo kapena kusintha ndondomeko kukwaniritsa mosavuta kung'ambika.