Ukuxuba injoloba ukuhlakaza amakhompiyutha ahlukahlukene ngokulinganayo kunjoloba ngosizo lwamandla omshini womshini wokwenza iraba, ukuze kwakhiwe uhlelo lwe-colloidal dispersion system olunezigaba eziningi ngenjoloba njengendawo ephakathi noma ingxube yenjoloba nezinye izinto ezihambisanayo (i-ejenti ehambisanayo, amanye ama-polymers) njengama-medium, nama-ejenti afanayo angahambelani (njengama-powder oxide, njll.) inqubo. Izidingo ezithile zobuchwepheshe zenqubo yokuhlanganisa yilezi: ukuhlakazwa okufanayo kwe-ejenti ehlanganisayo, ukuze ukusabalalisa okungcono kakhulu kwe-ejenti ehlanganisayo, ikakhulukazi i-ejenti ehlanganisayo eqinisayo efana ne-carbon black, ifinyelelwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okungaguquki kwerabha. Irabha ewumphumela ibizwa ngokuthi 'irabha ehlanganisayo' futhi ikhwalithi yayo inomthelela obalulekile ekuqhutshweni okuqhubekayo kanye nekhwalithi yomkhiqizo.

1 - Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-neoprene

        I-Neoprene iyindlela yokukhiqiza ye-emulsion polymerization, inqubo yokukhiqiza i-polymerization ye-kettle eyodwa ngezikhathi ezithile. Izinga lokushisa le-polymerization lilawulwa kakhulu ku-40-60 ℃, futhi izinga lokuguqulwa licishe libe ngu-90%. Izinga lokushisa le-polymerization, izinga lokugcina lokuguqulwa liphezulu kakhulu noma inqubo ye-polymerization emoyeni izoholela ekwehleni kwekhwalithi yomkhiqizo. Isisindo samangqamuzana esihlobene silawulwa uhlelo lwe-sulphur-kiuram (tetraalkylmethylaminothiocarbonyldisulfide) ekukhiqizeni. Ukungalungi okuyinhloko kwesistimu yesulfure-kiuram ukuntuleka kokuzinza kwezibopho zesulfure, okungenye yezizathu ezibalulekile zezakhiwo zokugcina. Uma isisindo samangqamuzana esihlobene silungiswa nge-thiol singathuthukisa lokhu kusebenza. I-Neoprene ihlukile ku-rubber yokwenziwa evamile, ayisebenzisi i-sulfur vulcanization, kodwa nge-zinc oxide, i-magnesium oxide, njll.

Ukusebenza kokucubungula kwe-neoprene kuncike ekuziphatheni kwe-viscoelastic kwerabha engavulwanga, futhi ukuziphatha kwayo kwe-viscoelastic kuhlobene nezinhlobonhlobo ze-neoprene nezinga lokushisa. Njengoba ukuxuba ngokuvamile kwenziwa esimweni sokunwebeka ukuze kusetshenziswe amandla okugunda wesimo sokunwebeka senjoloba ukwenza isigcwalisi sihlakazeke kahle. Ngakho-ke, ukuze ugweme ithonya lokushisa eliphezulu lapho uhlanganisa i-neoprene, isigcwalisi kufanele sengezwe kusenesikhathi ukuze kuzuzwe izinga elithile lokuxuba esimweni sokunwebeka. Uma uxutshwa nesicwengisisi esivulekile, uhlobo lwe-G-neoprene luyazwela ekushintsheni kwezinga lokushisa, futhi izinga lokushisa lomqulu lidlula u-70 ℃, lizoba amaroli anamathela kakhulu, futhi lisesimweni sokugeleza kwe-viscous, futhi isigcwalisi akulula ukusihlakaza. Uma uxutshwa nesicwengisisi esiminyene, umthamo waso kufanele uncishiswe ngokufanelekile, isici sokugcwalisa esijwayelekile esingu-0.6 sifanelekile, ngokuvamile sihlukaniswa sibe ukuxuba okubili, ukuze kuncishiswe izinga lokushisa lokuxuba. Izinga lokushisa lokukhipha kufanele libe ngaphansi kuka-100 ℃.

I-Neoprene ekusetshenzisweni komshini ovulekile wokuxuba ukungalungi ukushisa kukhulu, kulula ukunamathela kuma-roller, kulula ukuvutha, ne-agent dispersion ihamba kancane, ngakho-ke izinga lokushisa lokuxuba akufanele libe phezulu kakhulu, umthamo kufanele ube mncane, isilinganiso sejubane le-roller akufanele sibe sikhulu. Ngenxa yokuzwela okuqinile ekushiseni, inhloso evamile neoprene ekamelweni lokushisa kuya ku-71 ℃, izobonisa isimo sokusanhlamvu, ngalesi sikhathi ukuhlangana kwenjoloba eluhlaza kuyancipha, hhayi kuphela ama-rollers anamathelayo, kanye nokuhlakazeka kwe-ejenti kuzoba nzima kakhulu. Izinga lokushisa elinwebekayo le-neoprene elingalawulwa ngesulfure lingaphansi kuka-79 ℃, ngakho-ke ukusebenza kwenqubo yokuxuba kungcono kunokulawulwa yisulfure, futhi ukuthambekela kwamarola anamathelayo nokuhangula kuncane. Ukuxova ngomshini ovulekile, ukuze ugweme ama-roller anamathelayo, izinga lokushisa lomqulu ngokuvamile lilawulwa ku-40 ~ 50 ℃ noma ngaphansi (umqulu wangaphambili ungaphansi kuka-5 ~ 10 ℃ ngaphansi kwezinga lokushisa elingemuva), futhi ekuxovelweni kwenjoloba eluhlaza, ibanga lokugoqa kufanele lilungiswe kancane kancane lisuka kwelikhulu liye kwabancane. Lapho uxuba, qala ngokufaka i-asidi i-magnesium oxide emunca ukuvimbela ukushisisa, futhi ekugcineni wengeze i-zinc oxide. Ukuze kuncishiswe ukushisa okuxutshwayo, izithambisa ze-carbon black neziwuketshezi zingangezwa ngamaqoqo ngokushintshana. I-Stearic acid kanye ne-wax kapharafini nezinye izinsiza zokusebenza zingahlakazwa kancane kancane zengezwe, ukuze kusize ukuhlakazeka, kodwa futhi nokuvimbela amarola anamathelayo. Irabha ye-chloroprene elawulwa yisulfure ngesikhathi sokuxutshwa kokuvula ngokuvamile iba yinde ngo-30% kuya ku-50% kunenjoloba yemvelo, isikhathi sokuhlanganisa esingalawulwa yisibabule singaba sifushane ngo-20% kunesilawulwa sulfure. Ukuze ugweme i-neoprene emshinini wokuxuba ekuvuleni izinga lokushisa likhuphuka ngokushesha kakhulu, isilinganiso sejubane singaphansi kwe-1: 1.2 ngezansi, umphumela wokupholisa uzoba ngcono. Ukunciphisa umthamo wokucwenga futhi kuyindlela yokuqinisekisa ukuphepha kokusebenza kanye nokuhlakazeka okuhle. Njengamanje, amandla okuhluza irabha ye-neoprene elawulwa isulfure yasekhaya kunenjoloba yemvelo kufanele ibe ngaphansi kuka-20% kuya ku-30%, ukuze isebenze ngokujwayelekile. Njengoba i-neoprene ishisa kalula, ngakho-ke ekusetshenzisweni komshini ominyene wokucwenga ukuxuba kuvame ukusetshenziswa ngezindlela ezimbili zokuxuba. Izinga lokushisa lokuxuba kufanele libe phansi (izinga lokushisa lokukhipha ngokuvamile lilawulwa ngaphansi kwe-100 ℃), umthamo wokulayisha uphansi kunalowo wenjoloba yemvelo (i-capacity factor ngokuvamile ithathwa njenge-0.50 ~ 0.55), futhi i-zinc oxide yengezwa emshinini esigabeni sesibili sokuxuba. Ngenkinga yokuthi ukuxuba kwenjoloba ye-chloroprene kulula ukuhangula futhi kunzima ukuyihlakaza, i-Leena refiner isebenzisa i-rotor ephindwe kabili eyizindandatho ezine eziphambili kakhulu egijima ohlangothini olufanayo, kuhlanganiswe nokunyakaza kwejika elithi 'X' kwebhawodi eliphezulu kumshini wokucolisiswa, okunomphumela omuhle wokuhlakazeka kanye nesikhathi esifushane, okunganciphisa ngempumelelo ukwenzeka kwerabha eshisayo enqubweni ye-chlorop yokuxuba.

2 - Ukuhlanganiswa kwerabha ye-ethylene propylene

       Irabha ye-ethylene propylene nayo ingacutshungulwa ngemishini evamile yokuhluza iraba, kodwa ngenxa yokuthi umphumela we-plasticizing we-ethylene propylene rubber umpofu kakhulu, ukuntuleka kwe-viscosity, iraba akulula ukugoqa umqulu, ngokuvamile kuqala sebenzisa i-pitch pitch emincane, ukwakha ishidi eliqhubekayo bese unweba i-pitch ye-roll yokuxuba ukucubungula. Ukushisa kwe-Roll for the front roll 50 ~ 60 ℃, ngemuva kokuthi umqulu u-60 ~ 70 ℃ ufanelekile. I-EPDM i-oda lokuphakela irabha ngokuvamile ithi: ikhava yenjoloba eluhlaza-1/2 yekhabhoni emnyama-1/2 yekhabhoni emnyama-stearic acid-zinc oxide (noma i-magnesium oxide) -iphromotha-crosslinker -Iphasi elincanyana, ishidi eliphansi. Irabha ye-ethylene propylene ayicwengisiswe kalula ngokweqile uma ixutshwa, futhi inhlanganisela ihlakazeka ngokulinganayo, kodwa impahla yokuzinamathisela impofu. Irabha ye-ethylene-propylene ixutshwa nesicwengisisi esivulekile, ngokuvamile kuqala sebenzisa isikhashana sokugoqa ukuze iqhubeke ngemva komqulu, bese kancane kancane uphumuza umzuzu wokugoqa, engeza inhlanganisela, izinga lokushisa lomqulu phakathi kuka-60 ~ 70 ℃. Izinga lokushisa lokuxuba lingu-150℃ 160 ℃, elingasiza ekuhlakazweni kokugcwalisa nokuthambisa kanye nokwenza ngcono izakhiwo zemishini. Umthamo wokulayisha ungaba ngo-10% ~ 15% ngaphezu kwezinye izinto zenjoloba.

3- Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-fluoroelastomer

      Irabha ye-fluorine i-Menny viscosity iphezulu, iqinile, ikhiqiza ukushisa okungqubuzanayo, ukuxuba okujwayelekile nokucubungula kunzima kakhulu. Lapho uxuba irabha ye-fluorine emshinini wokucwenga, ukuya ebangeni elincane le-roll, umthamo ophansi, ukulawula izinga lokushisa ku-50 ~ 60 ℃. Ukuxuba kuqala, okokuqala wenze ama-roller apholile, engeza irabha eluhlaza idlula izikhathi ezingaba ngu-10 ukuze wenze i-rubber yephakheji efanayo, ulungise umzuzu wokugcina ukuze ugcine inani elincane lenjoloba ehlanganisiwe, bese wengeza i-ejenti yokuhlanganisa, isikhathi sokuxuba ngokuvamile asichazwanga ngokuqinile, kodwa sidinga ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka. Irabha ye-fluorine inzima kakhulu ukusebenzisa ukuxuba komshini wokuxuba, kodwa uhlobo lwe-meshing lwesistimu yokupholisa yomshini wokuxuba lunamandla, ungaxuba irabha ye-fluorine. Irabha ehlanganisiwe kufanele ipakwe amahora angu-24 ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa, futhi kufanele icwengwe ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa ukuze ihlanganisela ihlakazeke ngokulinganayo futhi ithuthukise ukugeleza kwamanzi kanye nokuzibamba kwerabha.