Mixing of rubber is to disperse various compounds evenly in rubber with the help of mechanical force of rubber making machine, so as to form a multi-phase colloidal dispersion system with rubber as medium or a mixture of rubber and some compatible components (matching agent, other polymers) as medium, and incompatible matching agents (such as powder fillers, zinc oxide, pigments, etc.) as dispersed phase. endlelo. Swilaveko swokarhi swa xithekiniki swa endlelo ro hlanganisa i: ku hangalasiwa loku fanaka ka xiaki lexi hlanganisiweke, leswaku ku hangalaka lokunene ka xiaki xa nkatsakanyo, ngopfu ngopfu xiaki xo tiyisisa ku hlanganisiwa ku fana na khaboni ya ntima, swi fikeleriwa ku tiyisisa matirhelo lama nga cincekiki ya rhaba. Rubber leyi humelelaka yi vuriwa 'compounding rubber' naswona khwalithi ya yona yina nkucetelo wa nkoka eka ku lulamisiwa kuya emahlweni na khwalithi ya swihumelerisiwa.
1 - Ku hlanganisiwa ka neoprene .
Neoprene i ndlela ya emulsion polymerization ya vuhumelerisi, endlelo ra vuhumelerisi ngopfu ngopfu i single kettle intermittent polymerization. Mahiselo ya polymerization ya lawuriwa ngopfu eka 40-60 °C, naswona nhlayo ya ku hundzuka yiva kwalomu ka 90%. Mahiselo ya polymerization, mpimo wo hetelela wa ku hundzuka wu le henhla swinene kumbe endlelo ra polymerization emoyeni ri ta endla leswaku ku va na ku hunguteka ka khwalithi ya swikumiwa. Nhlayo ya molekhuli ya xiyimo xale henhla yi lawuriwa hi sisiteme ya sulfur-kiuram (tetraalkylmethylaminothiocarbonyldisulfide) eka vuhumelerisi. Ku pfumaleka lokukulu ka sisiteme ya sulphur-kiuram i ku pfumaleka ka ku tiya ka swihlanganisi swa sulphur, leswi nga xin’wana xa swivangelo swa nkoka eka swivumbeko swa vuhlayiselo. Loko relative molecular mass yi lulamisiwa hi thiol yinga antswisa matirhelo lawa. Neoprene yihambanile na rhaba ya general synthetic, ayi tirhisi sulphur vulcanization, kambe na zinc oxide, magnesium oxide, na swin’wana na swin’wana.
Ku lulamisiwa ka neoprene swiya hi mahanyelo ya viscoelastic ya unvulcanized rubber, naswona mahanyelo ya yona ya viscoelastic ya fambelana na ku hambana ka neoprene na mahiselo. Tani hileswi ku hlanganisiwa hi xitalo ku endliwaka eka xiyimo xa elastic ku tirhisa matimba ya shear ya xiyimo xa elastic xa rhaba ku endla leswaku filler yi hangalaka kahle. Hikokwalaho, ku papalata nkucetelo wa mahiselo yale henhla loko ku hlanganisiwa neoprene, filler yifanele ku engeteriwa hiku hatlisa hilaha swinga kotekaka hakona leswaku kuta fikeleriwa mpimo wokarhi wa ku hlangana eka xiyimo xa elastic. Loko ku hlanganisiwa na open refier, G-type neoprene yiva na vuxiyaxiya eka ku cinca ka mahiselo, naswona mahiselo ya roll ya tlula 70 °C, switava swiri na ti sticky rolls swinene, naswona swile ka viscous flow state, naswona filler ayi olovi ku hangalaka. Loko ku hlanganisiwa na dense refier, vuswikoti bya yona byifanele kuhunguteka hindlela leyi faneleke, general filling factor ya 0.6 yifaneleka, hi xitalo yi avanyisiwile hi mixing timbirhi, leswaku kuta hunguta mahiselo ya mixing. Mahiselo ya discharge yafanele kuva yale hansi ka 100 °C.
Neoprene eka kutirhisiwa ka open machine mixing disadvantage iku ku hisa i kukulu, swi olova ku namarhela eka ti rollers, swi olova ku scorch, laha ku hangalaka ka agent ku nonokaka, hikokwalaho mahiselo yo hlanganisa aya fanelanga kuva e henhla swinene, vuswikoti byifanele kuva byintsongo, roller speed ratio ayifanelanga kuva yikulu. Hikwalaho ka ku twisisa lokukulu ka mahiselo, neoprene ya xikongomelo xo angarhela eka mahiselo ya kamara ku ya eka 71 °C, yi ta kombisa xiyimo xa mavele, eka nkarhi lowu ku hlangana ka rhaba yo ka yi nga swekiwanga ya tsanile, ku nga ri ntsena swirhendzevutani swo namarhela leswikulu, na ku hangalaka ka agent na swona swi ta tika swinene. Mahiselo ya elastic state ya non-sulfur-regulated neoprene ya le hansi ka 79 °C, hikokwalaho matirhelo ya maendlelo yo hlanganisa ya antswa kutlula sulfur-regulated, naswona mboyamelo wa ti sticky rollers na sporching i swintsongo. Ku hlanganisa hi muchini lowu pfulekeke, leswaku ku papalatiwa ti-tilly rollers, mahiselo ya roll hi ntolovelo ya lawuriwa eka 40 ~ 50 °C kumbe ehansi (roll ya le mahlweni i 5 ~ 10 °C ehansi ka mahiselo ya roll ya le ndzhaku), naswona eka ku hlanganisiwa ka rhaba leyi nga si swekiwaka, mpfhuka wa roll wu fanele ku lulamisiwa hakatsongotsongo ku suka eka lowukulu ku ya eka lowutsongo. Loko u hlanganisa, rhanga u chela acid absorbent magnesium oxide ku sivela ku hisa, naswona eku heteleleni u chela zinc oxide. Leswaku kuhungutiwa kuhisa ka ku hlangana, carbon black na liquid softeners swinga cheriwa hi ti batch hiku cincana. Stearic acid na paraffin wax na swin’wana swo endla vuhandzuri swinga hangalasiwa hakatsongotsongo, leswaku swita pfuna ku hangalaka, kambe na ku sivela ti sticky rollers. Sulfur-regulated chloroprene rubber eka nkarhi wo hlanganisa wa opener hi xitalo yi lehe 30% kuya eka 50% kutlula rhaba ya ntumbuluko, nkarhi wo hlanganisa lowu nga lawuriwiki hi sulfur wungava kwalomu ka 20% wo koma kutlula sulfur-regulated. Leswaku ku papalatiwa neoprene eka muchini wo hlanganisa eka ku pfuleka ka ku tlakuka ka mahiselo hi ku hatlisa swinene, mpimo wa rivilo wu le hansi ka 1:1.2 laha hansi, mbuyelo wo kufumela wu ta antswa. Ku hunguta vuswikoti byo basisa na swona i ndlela yo tiyisisa vuhlayiseki bya matirhelo na ku hangalaka lokunene. Eka nkarhi wa sweswi, vuswikoti bya le kaya bya sulphur-regulated neoprene rubber refining bepacity kutlula rhaba ya ntumbuluko byifanele kuva ehansi ka 20% kuya eka 30%, leswaku kuta tirha hi ndlela ya ntolovelo. Tani hileswi neoprene yi olovaka ku yi hisa, kutani eka kutirhisiwa ka dense refining machine mixing hi ntolovelo yitirhisiwa eka tindlela timbirhi to hlanganisa. Mahiselo ya mixing yafanele kuva yale hansi (ku humesa mahiselo hi xitalo ya lawuriwa ehansi ka 100 °C), vuswikoti byo layicha byi le hansi kutlula bya rhaba ya ntumbuluko (capacty factor hi xitalo yi tekiwa tani hi 0.50 ~ 0.55), naswona zinc oxide yi cheriwa eka press eka xiphemu xa vumbirhi xa mixing. Eka xiphiqo xa leswaku ku hlanganisiwa ka rhaba ya chloroprene swa olova ku swi scorch naswona swa tika ku swi hangalasa, Leena Refier u amukela ku famba ka double ya mune-ring ya xiyimo xa le henhla swinene leyi tsutsumaka eka tlhelo rin’we, yi hlanganisiwa na 'x' curve movement ya boluti ya le henhla eka refier, na mbuyelo wa kahle wa ku hangalaka na nkarhi wo koma, leswi nga hungutaka ku rhurhumela ka phenomenon ya chloroprene rubberve ya chloroprene.
2 - Ku hlanganisiwa ka rhaba ya ethylene propylene .
Ethylene propylene rubber yinga tlhela yi lulamisiwa hi switirhisiwa swo basisa swa rhaba leswi tolovelekeke, kambe hikokwalaho ka leswi mbuyelo wa plasticizing wa ethylene propylene rubber wunga kahle ngopfu, ku pfumaleka ka viscosity, rhaba aswi olovi ku phutsela roll, hi xitalo swisungula kutirhisa roll pitch yo koma, ku endla sheet leyi yaka emahlweni kutani yi kurisa roll pitch kuva yi hlanganisiwa. Ku hisa ka roll eka roll ya le mahlweni 50 ~ 60 °C, endzhaku ka roll 60 ~ 70 °C swi fanerile. EPDM rubber feeding order hi ntolovelo i: xifunengeto xa rhaba yo ka yi nga swekiwanga roll-1/2 carbon black-1/2 carbon black-seatric acid-zinc oxide (kumbe magnesium oxide)-promoter-crosslinker -thin pass, sheet ya le hansi. Ethylene propylene rubber ayi olovi ku tlula mpimo loko yi hlanganisiwa, naswona compound yi hangalakile hiku ringana, kambe nhundzu yo ti namarhela a yi kahle. Ethylene-propylene rubber mixing na open reficer, hi xitalo tirhisa roll moment leyintsongo ku endla leswaku yi ya emahlweni endzhaku ka roll, kutani hakatsongotsongo yi ntshunxa roll moment, u chela compound, roll temperature exikarhi ka 60 ~ 70 °C. Mahiselo ya mixing i 150～160 °C, leswinga pfunaka ku hangalaka ka filler na softener xikan’we naku antswisiwa ka swivumbeko swa michini. Vuswikoti byo layicha byi nga va 10%~15% ehenhla ku tlula switirhisiwa swin’wana swa rhaba.
3- Ku hlanganisiwa ka fluoroelastomer .
Fluorine rubber menny viscosity yi le henhla, yi tiyerile, yi humesa ku hisa ka friction, ku hlanganisiwa hi ku angarhela na ku lulamisiwa ka yona swa tika swinene. Loko u hlanganisa rhaba ya fluorine eka muchini wo basisa, kuya eka mpfhuka lowuntsongo wa roll, vuswikoti byintsongo, vulawuri bya mahiselo ya roll eka 50 ~ 60 °C. Ku hlanganisa swisungula, rhanga hiku endla leswaku ti rollers ti kufumela, chela raw rubber thin pass kwalomu ka 10 wa minkarhi ku endla uniform package roll rubber, lulamisa roll moment ku hlayisa nhlayo yitsongo ya stacked rubber, kutani u chela compounding agent, nkarhi wo hlanganisa hi ntolovelo awu hlamuseriwanga hiku hetiseka, kambe swilava hiku hatlisa hilaha swinga kotekaka hakona. Fluorine rubber ya tika swinene ku tirhisa mixing machine mixing, kambe meshing type ya mixing machine cooling system yina matimba, unga hlanganisa fluorine rubber. Rhaba leyi hlanganisiweke yifanele ku pakiwa kuringana 24 wa tiawara loko yinga se tirhisiwa, naswona yifanele ku antswisiwa loko yinga se tirhisiwa ku endla leswaku compound yi hangalaka hiku ringana naku antswisa ku olova na ku tikhoma ka rhaba.
