Ku hlanganisiwa ka rhaba i ku hangalasa swihlanganisi swohambana hambana hiku ringana eka rhaba hiku pfuniwa hi matimba ya michini ya muchini wo endla rhaba, leswaku kuta endliwa multi-phase colloidal dispersion system na rhaba tani hi xikarhi kumbe nkatsakanyo wa rhaba na swiphemu swin’wana leswi fambelanaka (matching agent, ti polymers tin’wana) tani hi xikarhi, na switirhisiwa swo fambelanisa leswinga fambelaniki (kufana na ti powder fillers, zinc oxide, . ti pigments, na swin’wana) tani hi xiphemu lexi hangalakeke. endlelo. Swilaveko swokarhi swa xithekiniki swa maendlelo ya compounding i: ku hangalasiwa loku fanaka ka compounding agent, leswaku ku hangalasiwa lokunene ka compounding agent, ngopfu ngopfu reinforcing compounding agent yofana na carbon black, swifikeleriwa kutiyisisa matirhelo lawa yanga cincekiki ya rhaba. Raba leyi humelelaka yi vuriwa 'compounding rubber' naswona khwalithi ya yona yina nkucetelo wa nkoka eka ku lulamisiwa kuya emahlweni na khwalithi ya swihumelerisiwa.
1 - Ku hlanganisiwa ka neoprene
Neoprene i ndlela ya emulsion polymerization ya vuhumelerisi, endlelo ra vuhumelerisi ngopfu ngopfu i single kettle intermittent polymerization. Mahiselo ya polymerization ya lawuriwa ngopfu eka 40-60 °C, naswona mpimo wa ku cinca wu kwalomu ka 90%. Mahiselo ya polymerization, mpimo wohetelela wa ku hundzuka wule henhla swinene kutani maendlelo ya polymerization kuya emoyeni yata endla leswaku kuva na kuhunguteka ka khwalithi ya swihumelerisiwa. Nhlayo ya molecule leyi ringanaka yi lawuriwa hi sulphur-kiuram (tetraalkylmethylaminothiocarbonyldisulfide) system eka vuhumelerisi. Ku pfumaleka lokukulu ka sisiteme ya sulfur-kiuram i ku pfumaleka ka ku tshamiseka ka swihlanganisi swa sulphur, leswi kunga xin’wana xa swivangelo swa nkoka eka swivumbeko swa vuhlayiselo. Loko relative molecular mass yi lulamisiwile hi thiol swinga antswisa matirhelo lawa. Neoprene yihambanile na rhaba ya synthetic hiku angarhela, ayi tirhisi sulfur vulcanization, kambe na zinc oxide, magnesium oxide, etc. vulcanization.
Ku tirha ka neoprene swiya hi mahanyelo ya viscoelastic ya rhaba leyinga vulcanized, naswona mahanyelo ya yona ya viscoelastic ya fambelana na ku hambana ka neoprene na mahiselo. Tani hileswi ku hlanganisiwa hi xitalo ku endliwaka eka xiyimo xa elastic kuva ku tirhisiwa matimba ya shear ya xiyimo xa elastic xa rhaba kuva ku endla leswaku filler yi hangalaka kahle. Hikokwalaho, ku papalata nkucetelo wa mahiselo yale henhla loko ku hlanganisiwa neoprene, filler yifanele ku cheriwa ka ha ri na nkarhi leswaku kuta fikeleriwa mpimo wokarhi wa ku hlanganisiwa eka xiyimo xa elastic. Loko ku hlanganisiwa na open refiner, G-type neoprene yiva na vuxiyaxiya eka ku cinca ka mahiselo, naswona mahiselo ya roll ya tlula 70 °C, yitava yiri na ti rolls leti namarhelaka swinene, naswona yiri eka xiyimo xa viscous flow, naswona filler ayi olovi ku hangalasa. Loko ku hlanganisiwa na dense refiner, vuswikoti bya yona byifanele kuhungutiwa hindlela leyi faneleke, general filling factor ya 0.6 yifanelekile, hi xitalo yi avanyisiwile hi ku hlanganisiwa kambirhi, leswaku kuta hungutiwa mahiselo yo hlanganisa. Mahiselo ya discharge yafanele kuva yale hansi ka 100 °C.
Neoprene eka kutirhisiwa ka muchini lowu pfulekeke ku hlanganisa xiphiqo i kuhisa i kukulu, swa olova ku namarhela eka ti rollers, swa olova ku hisa, na agent dispersion yi nonoka, hikokwalaho mahiselo yo hlanganisa yanga fanelangi kuva yale henhla swinene, vuswikoti byifanele kuva byintsongo, roller speed ratio ayifanelanga kuva yikulu. Hikwalaho ka ku twisisa lokukulu eka mahiselo, general-purpose neoprene eka mahiselo ya kamara kuya eka 71 °C, yita kombisa xiyimo xa mavele, eka nkarhi lowu ku hlangana ka rhaba yoka yanga swekiwanga swa tsanile, kungari ntsena ti sticky rollers letikulu, na agent dispersion na swona swita tika swinene. Mahiselo ya xiyimo xa elastic ya neoprene leyinga lawuriwiki hi sulfur yale hansi ka 79 °C, hikokwalaho matirhelo ya maendlelo yo hlanganisa ya antswa kutlula lawa ya lawuriwaka hi sulfur, naswona mboyamelo wa ti sticky rollers naku hisa i wutsongo. Ku hlanganisiwa hi muchini lowu pfulekeke, leswaku ku papalatiwa ti sticky rollers, mahiselo ya roll hi xitalo ya lawuriwa eka 40 ~ 50 °C kumbe ehansi (roll yale mahlweni yile hansi hi 5 ~ 10 °C kutlula mahiselo ya rear roll), naswona eka ku hlanganisiwa ka raw rubber, mpfhuka wa roll wufanele ku lulamisiwa hakatsongotsongo kusuka eka leyikulu kuya eka leyintsongo. Loko u hlanganisa, rhanga hi chela acid absorbent magnesium oxide ku sivela ku hisa, kutani ekuheteleleni chela zinc oxide. Leswaku kuhungutiwa kuhisa ka mixing, carbon black na liquid softeners swinga cheriwa hi ti batch hiku cincana. Stearic acid na paraffin wax na swin’wana swipfuno swo tirha swinga hangalasiwa hakatsongotsongo swi engeteriwa, leswaku swipfuneta ku hangalaka, kambe naku sivela ti sticky rollers. Raba ya chloroprene leyi lawuriwaka hi sulfur eka nkarhi wo hlanganisa wa opener hi xitalo yi lehe hi 30% kuya eka 50% kutlula rhaba ya ntumbuluko, nkarhi wo hlanganisa lowu nga lawuriwiki hi sulfur wunga va kwalomu ka 20% wo koma kutlula lowu lawuriwaka hi sulfur. Leswaku ku papalatiwa neoprene eka muchini wo hlanganisa eka ku pfuleka ka mahiselo ya tlakuka hiku hatlisa swinene, rivilo rale hansi ka 1:1.2 ehansi, mbuyelo wo kufumela wuta antswa. Ku hunguta vuswikoti byo basisa switlhela swiva ndlela yo tiyisisa vuhlayiseki bya ntirho xikan’we naku hangalaka kahle. Sweswi, vuswikoti byo basisa rhaba ya neoprene leyi lawuriwaka hi sulphur ya laha kaya kutlula rhaba ya ntumbuluko yifanele kuva ehansi ka 20% kuya eka 30%, leswaku yita tirha hindlela ya ntolovelo. Tani hileswi neoprene yi olovaka ku hisa, kutani eka kutirhisiwa ka dense refining machine mixing yitala kutirhisiwa eka tindlela timbirhi to hlanganisa. Mahiselo yo hlanganisa yafanele kuva yale hansi (mahiselo ya discharge hi xitalo ya lawuriwa ehansi ka 100 °C), vuswikoti byo layicha byile hansi kutlula bya rhaba ya ntumbuluko (capacity factor hi xitalo yi tekiwa tani hi 0.50 ~ 0.55), naswona zinc oxide yi cheriwa eka press eka xiphemu xavumbirhi xo hlanganisa. Eka xiphiqo xa leswaku ku hlanganisiwa ka rhaba ya chloroprene swa olova ku swi hisa naswona swa tika ku swi hangalasa, Leena refiner yi amukela rotor ya xiyimo xale henhla swinene ya mune-ring double rotor leyi tsutsumaka eka tlhelo rin’we, leyi hlanganisiweke na 'X' curve movement ya bolt yale henhla eka refiner, na mbuyelo wa kahle wa dispersion na nkarhi wo koma, leswinga hungutaka kahle xiendlakalo xo hisa xa chloroprene rubber eka maendlelo yo hlanganisa.
2 - Ku hlanganisiwa ka rhaba ya ethylene propylene
Ethylene propylene rubber yinga tlhela yi lulamisiwa hi switirhisiwa leswi tolovelekeke swo basisa rhaba, kambe hikokwalaho ka leswi mbuyelo wa plasticizing wa ethylene propylene rubber wunga kahle ngopfu, ku pfumaleka ka viscosity, rhaba ayi olovi ku phutsela roll, hi xitalo rhanga hiku tirhisa roll pitch yo koma, kuva yi endla sheet leyi yaka emahlweni kutani u ndlandlamuxa roll pitch kuva yi hlanganisa ku lulamisiwa. Mahiselo ya roll ya roll yale mahlweni 50 ~ 60 °C, endzhaku ka loko roll 60 ~ 70 °C ya fanerile. Odara yo phamela rhaba ya EPDM hi ntolovelo i: xifunengeto xa rhaba yo ka yi nga swekiwanga roll-1/2 carbon black-1/2 carbon black-stearic acid-zinc oxide (kumbe magnesium oxide)-promoter-crosslinker -Thin pass, xiphepherhele xa le hansi. Rhaba ya ethylene propylene a yi olovi ku antswisiwa ku tlula mpimo loko yi hlanganisiwa, naswona nkatsakanyo lowu wu hangalasiwa hi ku ringana, kambe ndlela leyi yi tikhomaka ha yona a yi kahle. Ethylene-propylene rubber mixing na open refiner, hi xitalo rhanga hiku tirhisa roll moment leyintsongo ku endla leswaku yiya emahlweni endzhaku ka roll, kutani hakatsongotsongo u olovisa roll moment, chela compound, mahiselo ya roll exikarhi ka 60 ~ 70 °C. Mahiselo yo hlanganisa i 150～160 °C, leswinga pfunetaka ku hangalaka ka filler na softener xikan’we naku antswisiwa ka swivumbeko swa michini. Vuswikoti byo layicha byi nga va 10%~15% ehenhla ku tlula switirhisiwa swin’wana swa rhaba.
3- Ku hlanganisiwa ka fluoroelastomer
Fluorine rubber Menny viscosity yile henhla, rigid, frictional heat generation, ku hlanganisiwa hiku angarhela naku lulamisiwa swa tika swinene. Loko u hlanganisa rhaba ya fluorine eka muchini wo basisa, kuya eka mpfhuka lowuntsongo wa roll, vuswikoti byintsongo, vulawuri bya mahiselo ya roll eka 50 ~ 60 °C. Ku hlanganisa swisungula, rhanga u endla leswaku ti rollers ti hola, chela raw rubber thin pass kwalomu ka 10 wa minkarhi kuva yi endla uniform package roll rubber, lulamisa roll moment kuva yi hlayisa nhlayo yintsongo ya stacked rubber, kutani u chela compounding agent, nkarhi wo hlanganisa hi ntolovelo awu hlamuseriwa hiku hetiseka, kambe wulava hiku hatlisa hilaha swinga kotekaka hakona. Fluorine rubber ya tika swinene ku tirhisa mixing machine mixing, kambe muxaka wa meshing wa mixing machine cooling system wu tiyile swinene, unga hlanganisa fluorine rubber. Raba leyi hlanganisiweke yifanele ku pakiwa kuringana 24 wa tiawara loko yinga se tirhisiwa, naswona yifanele ku antswisiwa loko yinga se tirhisiwa ku endla leswaku nkatsakanyo wu hangalaka hiku ringana naku antswisa ku khuluka na ku tikhoma ka rhaba.
