Cakuda na roba shi ne ya tarwatsa daban-daban mahadi a ko'ina cikin roba tare da taimakon inji karfi na roba yin inji, don haka kamar yadda ya samar da Multi-lokaci colloidal watsawa tsarin tare da roba a matsayin matsakaici ko cakuda roba da wasu masu jituwa aka gyara (matching wakili, sauran polymers) a matsayin matsakaici, da kuma m matching jamiái (kamar foda fillers, zinc oxide lokaci, da dai sauransu). tsari. Ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun buƙatun fasaha na tsarin haɓakawa sune: rarraba kayan aiki na kayan aiki, don haka mafi kyawun tarwatsawa na kayan aiki, musamman ma'auni mai ƙarfafawa irin su carbon baki, an samu don tabbatar da daidaiton aikin roba. Sakamakon roba ana kiransa 'compounding rubber' kuma ingancinsa yana da tasiri mai mahimmanci akan ƙarin sarrafawa da ingancin samfur.
1- Haɗin neoprene
Neoprene su ne emulsion polymerization Hanyar samar, da samar tsari ne mafi yawa guda kettle intermittent polymerization. Polymerization zafin jiki ne mafi yawa sarrafawa a 40-60 ℃, da kuma hira kudi ne game da 90%. Yanayin zafin jiki na polymerization, ƙimar juzu'i na ƙarshe ya yi yawa sosai ko tsarin polymerization a cikin iska zai haifar da raguwar ingancin samfur. Matsakaicin ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta (tetraalkylmethylaminothiocarbonyldisulfide) na sulfur-kiuram (tetraalkylmethylaminothiocarbonyldisulfide) ke sarrafawa. Babban hasara na tsarin sulfur-kiuram shine rashin kwanciyar hankali na sulfur bonds, wanda shine daya daga cikin mahimman dalilai na kayan ajiya. Idan an daidaita ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta tare da thiol zai iya inganta wannan aikin. Neoprene ya bambanta da roba na roba na gaba ɗaya, baya amfani da sulfur vulcanization, amma tare da zinc oxide, magnesium oxide, da dai sauransu vulcanization.
Ayyukan aiki na neoprene ya dogara ne akan halayen viscoelastic na roba mara kyau, kuma halinsa na viscoelastic yana da alaƙa da nau'in neoprene da zafin jiki. Kamar yadda ake haɗawa gabaɗaya a cikin yanayi na roba don yin amfani da ƙarfin juzu'i na yanayin roba don sanya filler ya tarwatse sosai. Sabili da haka, don kauce wa tasirin zafi mai zafi lokacin haɗuwa da neoprene, ya kamata a ƙara filler da wuri-wuri don cimma wani mataki na haɗuwa a cikin yanayin na roba. Lokacin haɗuwa tare da mai tacewa, nau'in nau'in G-neoprene yana kula da canje-canjen zafin jiki, kuma yawan zafin jiki na juyi ya wuce 70 ℃, zai zama mai ɗanɗano sosai, kuma yana cikin yanayin kwarara mai ɗanɗano, kuma filler ba shi da sauƙin tarwatsawa. Lokacin haɗuwa tare da mai tacewa mai yawa, yakamata a rage ƙarfinsa yadda yakamata, madaidaicin madaidaicin adadin 0.6 ya dace, gabaɗaya ya kasu kashi biyu, don rage yawan zafin jiki. Zazzafar fitarwa ya kamata ya zama ƙasa da 100 ℃.
Neoprene a cikin yin amfani da buɗaɗɗen injin haɗawa hasara shine zafi yana da girma, sauƙi don tsayawa ga rollers, sauƙi don ƙonewa, tare da watsawar wakili yana jinkirin, don haka yawan zafin jiki kada ya kasance mai girma, ƙarfin ya kamata ya zama karami, rabon abin nadi bai kamata ya zama babba ba. Saboda da karfi ji na ƙwarai ga zafin jiki, general-manufa neoprene a dakin da zazzabi zuwa 71 ℃, shi zai nuna hatsi jihar, a wannan lokacin da cohesion na raw roba aka raunana, ba kawai tsanani m rollers, tare da wakili watsawa kuma zai zama da wuya sosai. Yanayin zafin jiki na neoprene wanda ba a sarrafa shi ba yana ƙasa da 79 ℃, don haka aikin haɗin gwiwar ya fi sulfur-kayyade, kuma dabi'ar m rollers da ƙonawa ya fi ƙanƙanta. Kneading tare da na'ura mai buɗewa, don guje wa m rollers, ana sarrafa zafin jiki gabaɗaya a 40 ~ 50 ℃ ko ƙasa da haka (mirgina na gaba shine 5 ~ 10 ℃ ƙasa da zafin juyi na baya), kuma a cikin ƙwanƙwasa ɗan roba, ya kamata a daidaita nisan mirgine a hankali daga babba zuwa ƙarami. Lokacin da ake hadawa, da farko ƙara acid absorbent magnesium oxide don hana ƙonewa, kuma a ƙarshe ƙara zinc oxide. Domin rage zafin haɗewar, ana iya ƙara baƙar fata da ruwa mai laushi a cikin batches a madadin. Stearic acid da paraffin wax da sauran kayan aiki na aiki za a iya tarwatsawa sannu a hankali, don taimakawa tarwatsewa, amma kuma don hana rollers. Sulfur-kayyade chloroprene roba a cikin mabudin hadawa lokaci ne kullum 30% zuwa 50% tsawo fiye da na halitta roba, wadanda ba sulfur-kayyade hadawa lokaci zai iya zama game da 20% guntu fiye da sulfur-kayyade. Don kauce wa neoprene a cikin na'ura mai haɗawa a cikin buɗewar yanayin zafi da sauri, saurin gudu ya kasa da 1: 1.2 a ƙasa, tasirin sanyaya zai fi kyau. Rage ƙarfin tacewa kuma hanya ce don tabbatar da amincin aiki da kyakkyawan tarwatsewa. A halin yanzu, ƙarfin tace sulfur neoprene na cikin gida fiye da na roba ya kamata ya zama ƙasa da 20% zuwa 30%, don yin aiki akai-akai. Kamar yadda neoprene ke da sauƙin ƙonewa, don haka a cikin amfani da na'ura mai ɗorewa yawanci ana amfani da shi ta hanyar hadawa biyu. Yawan zafin jiki ya kamata ya zama ƙasa (zazzabi zafin jiki gabaɗaya ana sarrafa shi ƙasa da 100 ℃), ƙarfin ɗaukar nauyi yana ƙasa da na roba na halitta (ana ɗaukar ma'aunin ƙarfin gabaɗaya kamar 0.50 ~ 0.55), kuma ana ƙara zinc oxide zuwa latsawa a cikin sashin hadawa na biyu. Domin matsalar cewa chloroprene roba hadawa yana da sauƙin ƙonewa kuma yana da wuyar tarwatsewa, Leena mai refiner ta ɗauki mafi girman na'ura mai juyi mai zobe biyu yana gudana a cikin hanya ɗaya, tare da motsi na 'X' na saman soket a kan mai tacewa, tare da sakamako mai kyau na watsawa da ɗan gajeren lokaci, wanda zai iya rage tasirin chloroprene yadda ya kamata.
2-Haɗin roba na ethylene propylene
Ethylene propylene roba kuma za a iya sarrafa ta talakawa roba refining kayan aiki, amma saboda plasticizing sakamako na ethylene propylene roba ne musamman matalauta, da rashin danko, roba ba sauki a nada yi, kullum da farko amfani da kunkuntar yi farar, don samar da wani m takardar sa'an nan kuma fadada da yi farar ga hadawa aiki. Mirgine zafin jiki na gaba yi 50 ~ 60 ℃, bayan yi 60 ~ 70 ℃ ya dace. Tsarin ciyarwar roba na EPDM gabaɗaya shine: ɗanyen murfin rubber roll-1/2 carbon black-1/2 carbon black-stearic acid-zinc oxide (ko magnesium oxide) -promoter-crosslinker -Pass ɗin bakin ciki, ƙaramin takarda. Ethylene propylene roba ba a sauƙaƙe a kan tsaftacewa lokacin haɗuwa ba, kuma fili yana tarwatsa ko'ina, amma kadarar da ta dace da kai ba ta da kyau. Ethylene-propylene roba hadawa tare da bude refiner, gabaɗaya da farko amfani da ɗan ƙaramin lokacin jujjuya don sanya shi ci gaba bayan jujjuyawar, sannan sannu a hankali shakatawa lokacin nadi, ƙara fili, zazzabi na roll tsakanin 60 ~ 70 ℃. A hadawa zafin jiki ne 150 ℃ 160 ℃, wanda zai iya taimaka watsar da filler da softener da inganta inji Properties. A loading iya aiki zai iya zama 10% ~ 15% mafi girma fiye da sauran roba kayan.
3- Haɗin fluoroelastomer
Fluorine roba Menny danko yana da girma, mai ƙarfi, haɓakar zafi mai jujjuyawa, haɗuwa gabaɗaya da sarrafawa ya fi wahala. A lokacin da hadawa fluorine roba a kan refining inji, zuwa kananan yi nisa, m iya aiki, yi zazzabi iko a 50 ~ 60 ℃. Cakuda ta fara, da farko sanya rollers sanyi, ƙara danyen roba bakin ciki wuce kamar sau 10 don samar da uniform kunshin nadi roba, daidaita juzu'i lokaci don kula da wani karamin adadin stacked roba, sa'an nan ƙara da compounding wakili, hadawa lokaci yawanci ba a bayyana sosai, amma bukatar da sauri kamar yadda zai yiwu. Fluorine roba ya fi wuya a yi amfani da hadawa inji hadawa, amma meshing irin hadawa inji sanyaya tsarin ya fi karfi, za ka iya hada fluorine roba. Ya kamata a ajiye robar da aka haɗe da shi na tsawon awanni 24 kafin a yi amfani da shi, kuma dole ne a tace kafin a yi amfani da shi don sa wurin ya tarwatse a ko'ina tare da inganta ruwa da manne kai na roba.
