I. Nneɛma a wɔde yɛ rɔba a wɔayɛ no foam ho nsɛm a wɔaka abom
Wɔnam honam fam anaa nnuru foaming kwan so na ɛyɛ foam rɔba nneɛma a rɔba yɛ ade a wɔde gyina so na ama wɔanya rɔba a ɛte sɛ sponge a ɛwɔ porous structure nneɛma. Wɔde saa mfiridwuma yi adi dwuma kɛse wɔ nnwuma ahorow a wɔyɛ mu, te sɛ kar pon ne mfɛnsere nsɔano, cushioning pads, adansi gaskets, asasewosow nneɛma, agumadi ahobammɔ mmeae, ne nea ɛkeka ho.
1、Adwene a ɛfa rɔba a wɔayɛ no foam ho
Nea wɔfrɛ no foamed rɔba nso yɛ nea wonim no kɛse sɛ rɔba foaming mfiridwuma, ne foaming aduru pɔtee bi a wɔde di dwuma de sa rɔba yare, sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a rɔba wɔ adwumayɛ su a ɛte sɛ ɔkwan a wɔfa so yɛ adwuma. Saa mfiridwuma yi na wɔde di dwuma kɛse wɔ mprempren nneɛma a wɔyɛ mu, ne ɔkwan a wɔtaa fa so yɛ nneɛma a wɔyɛ wɔ saa bere yi mu.
2、Nkyekyɛmu a ɛfa foamed rɔba nneɛma ho
Mprempren rɔba a wɔde ahuru ayɛ no yɛ nneɛma a wɔde di dwuma kɛse wɔ adwumayɛ mu no mu biako, a wobetumi akyekyɛ mu ayɛ no microporous structure ne porous structure ahorow abien sɛnea pores no te. Na wobetumi akyekyɛ microporous nhyehyɛe no mu ayɛ no nneɛma a ɛsono emu biara a ɛyɛ ahuru ne nneɛma a ɛkɔ so yɛ ahuru. Sɛnea raw nneɛma a rɔba betumi akyekyɛ mu ayɛ saa ade yi abɔde mu rɔba foaming nneɛma, isoprene foaming nneɛma, SBR foaming nneɛma, ethylene propylene rɔba foaming nneɛma, ne nea ɛkeka ho.
Nea ɛto so abien, foam rɔba nneɛma a wɔde yɛ nhwehwɛmu
Wɔde foamed rɔba nneɛma di dwuma kɛse wɔ mprempren ɔmanfo mu, ne yɛ ne ne yɛ nhyehyɛe ne thermoplastic foaming wɔ wiase nsonsonoe, ɛwɔ vulcanization cross-linking ahoɔhare ne ahoɔhare a foaming agent no porɔw ma ɛne ɔhaw no hyia. Ɛne sɛ, rɔba ade bi a edi mu foaming de ka cross-linking ahoɔhare no ho no abusuabɔ a emu yɛ den wɔ vulcanization nhyehyɛe a rɔba nneɛma ne decomposition a blowing agent no ba bere a nnyinasosɛm no yɛ titiriw koro no ara, yɛ ntrɛwmu a gas ntrɛwmu ɔfasu no yɛ nea ɛne no hyia resistance nhyehyɛe.
1、Nneɛma titiriw a wɔpaw
Wɔ adwinnan mu no, mpɛn pii no hwehwɛ sɛ wɔde botae pɔtee a ɛwɔ ade no mu no paw nyansahu mu rɔba nipadua nneɛma, saa nneɛma yi wɔ paw a ɛyɛ mmerɛw, ahoɔden a ɛkɔ fam, dodow pa a ɛyɛ elasticity a ɛyɛ abɔde mu rɔba nneɛma, nanso nso sɛ wɔbɛpaw rɔba bi a wɔayɛ no sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wobedi ade no ahiade ho dwuma. Sɛ wopɛ sɛ woyɛ nneɛma a wɔde foam ayɛ a ngo ntumi nkɔ mu a, nea ɛka hia a ehia sɛ wopaw nyansahu mu nitrile rɔba a ntease wom ho, nanso wobɛhwehwɛ neoprene dodow ne abusuabɔ a ɛda ntam nso mu, na mpo woadi nneɛma titiriw bi ahiade ho dwuma no, wubetumi nso de rɔba ahorow abien anaa nea ɛboro saa ne ɔkwan a wɔfa so yɛ no adi dwuma.
2、Nneɛma a wɔpaw no foaming agent
Aduru a ɛma ahurututu yɛ ade a ɛho hia sen biara wɔ rɔba a wɔde ahuru ayɛ no nyinaa mu, na nea wɔpaw no ne adwuma a wɔyɛ no yiye na ɛyɛ papa no wɔ abusuabɔ kɛse. Sɛ yɛbɛka no ɔkwan biara so a, ɛsɛ sɛ nneɛma a ɛma ahurututu no yɛ adwuma yiye no paw nyansahu mu aduru a ɛma ahurututu yɛ nea ntease wom, ne aduru a ɛma ahurututu no dodow, akwan horow a wɔfa so di mprempren asetra mu nkɔso ahwehwɛde ahorow ho dwuma. Mprempren, aduru a wɔde bɔ mframa no mu titiriw ne aduru a ɛbɔ a ɛyɛ ɔkra ne aduru a ɛbɔ a ɛnyɛ ɔkra abien. Inorganic blowing agent titiriw kyerɛ sodium bicarbonate, ammonium bicarbonate, urea, ne nea ɛkeka ho Saa blowing agents yi wɔ mfaso horow a ɛyɛ ntɛmntɛm decomposition ahoɔhare ne low temperature wɔ application no mu, theoretically ne foaming adwumayɛ nso ye. Sɛnea gas a saa mfiridwuma yi yɛ wɔ dwumadie no mu no yɛ carbon dioxide ne ammonia, ne nea ɛkeka ho titire no, saa mframa yi a ɛwɔ hɔ no ma rɔba nhyehyɛeɛ no wɔ permeability coefficient kɛseɛ, ɛyɛ den sɛ wɔbɛbɔ foam rɔba a wɔatoto mu, foam rɔba a wɔyɛ no yɛ low quality, ahoɔden a ɛba fam, shrinkage, ɛnyɛ den sɛ wɔbɛsɛe, enti ɛyɛ mmerɛw koraa sɛ wɔde bedi dwuma nko ara wɔ adwuma no mu, na mpɛn pii no wobetumi de adi dwuma sɛ organic foaming agent a wɔde bedi dwuma.
Mprempren adwuma, yɛtaa de foaming agent titiriw kura nitrogen dicarbonamide, nitroso, dibenzosulfonyl hydrazide ether, ne nea ɛkeka ho.. Saa nneɛma yi wɔ dwumadie a ne decomposition ɔhyew yɛ bɛyɛ 200 ° C anaa nea ɛboro saa, na wɔ adeyɛ nhyehyɛe no nso hia sɛ wɔde afoforo aboafo blowing aduru, te sɛ urea, magnesium oxide, zinc oxide, ne nea ɛkeka ho., enti ne porɔwee so tew kɛse, ɔhyew a ɛporɔw mframa a wɔyɛ no mu titiriw ne nitrogen, carbon dioxide, ammonia, ne nea ɛkeka ho, ɛnyɛ sɛ mframa yi nyɛ awuduru nko, enni huam, na mpo ɛwɔ mfaso sɛ ɛnsɛe nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia, ɛnyɛ nea ɛnsakra. Nneɛma a wɔde rɔba ahuru ayɛ a wɔde aduru a ɛma ahuru ayɛ no mu ntini kɛse yɛ kɛse, na sɛnea ɛtwetwe no nso yɛ kɛse; sɛ wode foaming agent redi dwuma a, foaming agent aboafo no wɔ stearic acid, alum, ne nea ɛkeka ho, a ebetumi atew foaming agent no porɔw hyew so kɛse akodu 130 ~ 150°C bere a wɔde aka ho akyi.
3, vulcanization nhyehyɛe a wɔpaw
Vulcanization nhyehyɛe ho hia yiye wɔ nhwehwɛmu nhyehyɛe a ɛfa foaming nneɛma ho, nea edi kan koraa no, sɛ ebia vulcanization nhyehyɛe ne foaming nhyehyɛe a ɛne ne ho hyia no ne ade titiriw a ɛbɛma wɔayɛ adwuma pa wɔ foaming nneɛma mu. A rɔba betumi ayɛ yiye foam, ade a ɛho hia sen biara ne vulcanization kwan a rɔba ne decomposition kwan a foaming agent no ɛsɛ sɛ titiriw synchronized, anaasɛ sulfur bere sen foaming bere kakra anim. Enti, sɛ wopaw vulcanization nhyehyɛe no wie a, yɛ nsakrae wɔ foaming nhyehyɛe no mu ma ɛne no hyia, anaasɛ sɛ wopaw foaming nhyehyɛe no wie a, yɛ nsakrae wɔ vulcanization nhyehyɛe no mu ma ɛne no hyia.
4、Nneɛma a wɔpaw sɛ wɔde hyɛ mu den
Carbon black, silica ne nneɛma afoforo a ɛhyɛ den betumi ama ahoɔden ne stiffness a ɛwɔ foamed rubber products mu no atu mpɔn, calcium carbonate, dɔte ne nneɛma afoforo a wɔde hyɛ mu a wɔde ka ho sɛnea ɛfata no betumi ama rɔba no adwumayɛ atu mpɔn na ɛbɛtew ɛka so. Ɛsɛ sɛ carbon black paw semi-reinforced FEF ne SRF carbon black, filler ɛsɛ sɛ paw calcium carbonate a emu yɛ hare, dɔte, ne nea ɛkeka ho, ɛnsɛ sɛ dodow no dɔɔso dodo, sɛ ɛbɛyɛ yiye a, ɛyɛ 20 kosi 40.
5、Nneɛma a wɔpaw plasticizer
Plasticizer ahwehwɛde ne: plasticizing tumi pa, dodow a ɛba fam, ntɛmntɛm absorption rate, compatability pa ne rɔba, volatility ketewaa, entu, ɛnyɛ awuduru, hua nnim, ne bo nyɛ den na ɛnyɛ den sɛ wobenya. Plasticizer betumi ama sɛnea compounding agent no apete, processability ne molding a rɔba afrafra no atu mpɔn. Foam rɔba nneɛma a ɛhia foam multiplier a ɛkorɔn, plasticizer dodow a wɔde ka ho wɔ ɔkwan a ɛkɔ akyiri so no yɛ kɛse, na paw nea ɛne rɔba plasticizer hyia yiye.
6、Nneɛma a wɔpaw no antioxidant
Foam rɔba nneɛma ma porous structure, surface area yɛ kɛse, relatively mmerɛw sɛ onyin, ɛsɛ sɛ wɔde ka antioxidants. Nnyinasosɛm a ɛne sɛ wɔpaw antioxidant no nyinaa yɛ tumi pa a ɛko tia onyin, nanso ennya aduru a ɛma ahurututu no porɔw nso so nkɛntɛnso. Wobetumi apaw 4010, 264, MB ne antioxidants afoforo, dodow a ɛboro rɔba nneɛma a wɔde yɛ no nyinaa so.
7, nnyinasosɛm a ɛne sɛ rɔba yɛ ahuru
Solid rɔba foaming production of rubber sponge, nnyinasosɛm no ne sɛ wɔde foaming agent bɛka ho wɔ rɔba a wɔapaw no mu anaasɛ wɔbɛsan de foaming agent aka ho, aporɔw a foaming agent no wɔ vulcanization temperature no mu de ayi gas, atwa ho ahyia de rɔba ayɛ bubble tokuru ‘sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a rɔba no ntrɛwmu bɛyɛ sponge.
Nneɛma titiriw a ɛkyerɛ na ɛka sɛnea bubble pore no nhyehyɛe te ne: mframa a ɛbɔ no dodow, mframa a ɛtrɛw wɔ rɔba no mu, rɔba no mu ntini a ɛyɛ den ne ahoɔhare a ɛde vulcanization ba, a nea ɛho hia sen biara ne mframa dodow a ɛbɔ, ahoɔhare a mframa no ba ne ahoɔhare a rɔba no vulcanization no hyia.
Sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ na wɔayɛ rɔba nneɛma a eye no, nneɛma a wɔde bɔ mframa ahorow ne rɔba vulcanization nhyehyɛe a wɔpaw no ne ade titiriw. Akwan pɔtee abien na ɛwɔ hɔ:
Nea edi kan no, sɛnea vulcanization hyew te no, paw ɔhyew a ɛporɔw ne ade a ɛfata a wɔde bɔ, na afei sɛnea ahoɔhare a ɛporɔw ade a ɛbɔ wɔ vulcanization hyew no mu te de sesa vulcanization ahoɔhare a rɔba no, te sɛ nea wɔde di dwuma akyiri yi promoter ne promoters afoforo ne vulcanization nhyehyɛe, wobetumi de adi dwuma de asiesie promoter dodow de asiesie vulcanization ahoɔhare.
Nea ɛto so abien, wɔ vulcanization nhyehyɛe no fam no, sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wobehu ahoɔhare a vulcanization, sɛnea wɔpaw foam ahorow ne particle kɛse a ɛfata. Nneɛma a ɛbɔ no mu nneɛma nketenkete kɛse nso yɛ nneɛma a ɛho hia sen biara a ɛbɛma wɔahu sɛnea ade a ɛbɔ no porɔw ntɛmntɛm no mu biako. Nneɛma nketenkete no kɛse so tew, nneɛma nketenkete no ani fã pɔtee no kɔ soro, ɔhyew a wɔde fa so no kɔ soro, na ahoɔhare a ɛporɔw no yɛ ntɛmntɛm, enti wobetumi ayɛ nsakrae wɔ ahoɔhare a ɛporɔw ahoɔhare a ade a ɛbɔ no ne ahoɔhare a rɔba no vulcanization no ntam denam paw a wɔbɛpaw nneɛma nketenkete a ɛfata a ɛwɔ ade a ɛbɔ no mu no so.
Abiɛsa, mfiridwuma a wɔde di dwuma
1、Nneɛma a wɔde plastic yɛ
Nea ɛho hia wɔ rɔba a wɔannoa a wɔde plastic yɛ mu ne sɛ ɛbɛbubu na asɛe rɔba nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn kɛse no. Ma rɔba a ɛyɛ plastic no tu mpɔn, sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a ɛbɛyɛ mmerɛw sɛ wɔbɛyɛ aduru a wɔde frafra no na wɔde frafra no. Wɔ ahosiesie a wɔyɛ foam rɔba nneɛma mu no, dodow a rɔba plasticity ye no, dodow no ara na ɛyɛ mmerɛw sɛ wɔbɛyɛ nneɛma a ɛwɔ ahurututu ntokuru a ɛyɛ pɛ, ɛyɛ ketewaa ne shrinkage rate ketewaa bi. Enti, ɛsɛ sɛ wɔde plastic yɛ rɔba a wɔannoa no koraa.
2、Nneɛma a wɔkora so
Sɛ wɔde rɔba no fra wie a, ɛsɛ sɛ wɔde si hɔ bere tenten a ɛfata, mpɛn pii no 2 ~ 4h, sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a nneɛma ahorow a wɔde ka ho no bɛpete koraa wɔ rɔba a wɔde afra no mu. Dodow a wɔpete rɔba a wɔde ka ho no pɛpɛɛpɛ no, dodow no ara na ade no kɛse gyina pintinn, ne soro yɛ torotoro na ahurututu no yɛ pɛ.
3、Ɔhyew a ɛwɔ hɔ
Rɔba foam yɛ nea ɛyɛ mmerɛw kɛse wɔ ɔhyew ho. Rɔba ade koro no ara wɔ nkɛntɛnso ahorow a ɛsono sɛnea ɛyɛ ahuru wɔ ɔhyew ahorow mu. Esiane sɛ ɛsono sɛnea foaming nhyehyɛe no ne vulcanization nhyehyɛe no te ɔhyew nka nti, sɛ wɔsakra vulcanization hyew no a, ɛbɛsan asiesie ɔhaw a ɛne sɛ vulcanization nhyehyɛe no ne foaming nhyehyɛe no bɛyɛ pɛ no.
4、Nneɛma a wɔhyehyɛ
Akwan a wɔfa so nwene rɔba a wɔayɛ no foam ne: extrusion molding, molding, flat molding, ne nea ɛkeka ho EPDM foamed nneɛma na wɔtaa de di dwuma wɔ extrusion molding mu, na NBR na wɔde di dwuma kɛse wɔ molding mu.
