I. Mhedziso yezvigadzirwa zverabha zvine furo

Zvigadzirwa zverabha zvefuro zvinogadzirwa nenzira yemuviri kana yemakemikari inopupuma nerabha sechinhu chekutanga kuwana sponge-senge rabha porous chimiro zvigadzirwa. Iyi tekinoroji yakashandiswa zvakanyanya mumaindasitiri akasiyana ekugadzira, senge mota dzemusuwo uye mahwindo zvisimbiso, cushioning pads, kuvaka gaskets, seismic zvinhu, zvivakwa zvekudzivirira mitambo, nezvimwe.

1, Pfungwa yerabha ine furo

Iyo inodaidzwa kuti furo rabha inozivikanwawo zvakanyanya setekinoroji yekuputira furo, iko kushandiswa kweiyo chaiyo inopupa mumiriri kurapa rabha, kuitira kuti rabha ive nehunhu hwekuita kwekugadzirisa nzira. Iyi tekinoroji inonyanya kushandiswa mundima yekugadzira yazvino, ndiyo nzira yakajairika yebasa rekugadzira panguva ino.

2, Kusarudzwa kwezvigadzirwa zverabha zvine furo

Zvigadzirwa zverabha zvakafurwa pari zvino chimwe chezvinhu zvinonyanya kushandiswa mumunda wekugadzira, izvo zvinogona kupatsanurwa mumhando mbiri dze microporous chimiro uye porous chimiro zvinoenderana nemapores. Uye chimiro che microporous chinogona kukamurwa kuita zvigadzirwa zvinopupuma uye zvinoramba zvichipupa. Zvinoenderana neyakagadzikiswa yerabha inogona kukamurwa kuita chigadzirwa chemhando yerabha inopupuma, isoprene inopupuma zvigadzirwa, SBR inopupuma zvigadzirwa, ethylene propylene rabha inopupuma zvigadzirwa, nezvimwe.

Chechipiri, furo rabha zvigadzirwa nekuongorora

Zvigadzirwa zverabha zvine furo zvinowedzera uye zvakanyanya kushandiswa munharaunda yazvino, kugadzirwa kwayo uye kugadzirwa kwayo uye thermoplastic furo ine mutsauko wepasirese, ine vulcanization cross-linking kumhanya uye nekukasira kwekuora kweanopupa mumiriri kuti aenderane nedambudziko. Kureva kuti, chinhu cherabha chakabudirira kupupa mukuwedzera kune kuchinjika-yekubatanidza kumhanya kune hukama hwepedyo pakati peiyo vulcanization maitiro ezvigadzirwa zverabha uye kuora kweiyo inofuridza mumiriri kunoitika kana musimboti wacho wakangofanana, iri yekuwedzera kwegasi rekuwedzera madziro kuburitsa inoenderana inopikisa maitiro.

1, Sarudzo yechinhu chikuru

Mukugadzira, kazhinji zvinoda zvinangwa zvechigadzirwa kuti zvisarudze zvesainzi rabha muviri zvinhu, zvinhu izvi mukusarudzwa kwesimba rakapfava, rine mwero, huwandu hwakanaka hwekureruka kwezvigadzirwa zverabha zvechisikigo, asiwo kusarudza imwe rabha yekugadzira kuti isangane nezvinodiwa zvechigadzirwa. Nekugadzirwa kwemafuta-anodzivirira furo zvigadzirwa, pamusoro pekudikanwa kwekusarudza inonzwisisika sainzi nitrile rabha, asi zvakare kuongorora chikamu uye hukama hweneoprene, uye kunyangwe kuzadzisa zvinodiwa zvezvimwe zvigadzirwa zvakakosha, unogona zvakare kushandisa maviri kana anopfuura marudzi erabha uye fomu.

2, Sarudzo yemumiriri anopupa

Foaming agent ndiyo inonyanya kukosha chinongedzo mukugadzirwa kwese kwerabha ine furo, uye kusarudzwa kwayo kunoenderana zvakanyanya nekubudirira uye kunaka kwebasa. Kazhinji, kuita kwakanaka kwezvigadzirwa zvinopupa kunofanirwa kusarudza yesainzi uye inopupa furo mumiriri, uye huwandu hweanopupa furo, kushandiswa kwenzira kuzadzisa izvo zvino zvinodiwa zvekusimudzira magariro. Parizvino, iyo inofuridza inonyanya kuve ine organic inofuridza agent uye inorganic blowing agent mbiri. Inorganic blowing agent inonyanya kureva sodium bicarbonate, ammonium bicarbonate, urea, etc. Izvi zvinofuridza zvimiririri zvine zvakanakira kukurumidza kuora nekukurumidza uye tembiricha yakaderera mukushandisa, zvichinzi kuita kwayo kunopupuma kuri nani zvakare. Sezvo gasi rinogadzirwa neiyi tekinoroji mukushandisa rinonyanya kabhoni dioxide uye ammonia, nezvimwewo, kuvapo kwemagasi aya kunoita kuti chimiro cherabha ive neyakakura permeability coefficient, zvakaoma kugadzira yakavharika-gomba furo rabha, kugadzirwa kwefuro rabha yakaderera mhando, kuderera kwesimba, shrinkage, nyore deformation, saka zviri nyore kwazvo kushandisa wega mukuita basa, uye zvinogoneka kushandiswa sechinhu chinoputika.

The ikozvino basa, isu kazhinji kushandiswa furo mumiririri kunyanya rine nitrogen dicarbonamide, nitroso, dibenzosulfonyl hydrazide ether, etc .. Izvi zvinhu mukushandiswa kwayo kuora tembiricha anenge 200 ℃ kana kupfuura, uye mukugadzira muitiro vanofanirawo kuwedzera mamwe ebetsero kuridza mumiririri, akadai urea, magnesium, magnesium, commal oksidhini, etc. kuora kwegasi rinogadzirwa kunyanya rine nitrogen, carbon dioxide, ammonia, nezvimwewo, magasi aya haasi chete asina chepfu, haanhuhwi, uye ane mukana wekusasvibisa nharaunda, kwete kusvibiswa. Saizi yepore yezvigadzirwa zverabha foam yakagadzirwa neagent inopupuma yakakura, uye shrinkage rate zvakare yakakura; kana uchishandisa furo agent, anobatsira kupupa mumiririri ane stearic acid, alum, nezvimwewo, izvo zvinogona kuderedza zvakanyanya kupisa kwekuparara kweanopupa agent kusvika 130 ~ 150 ℃ mushure mekuwedzera.

3, sarudzo yevulcanization system

Vulcanization system yakakosha mukuita kutsvagisa kwezvigadzirwa zvinopupuma furo, chekutanga, kungave kuenderana kwevulcanization system uye foaming system ndiyo kiyi yekuita zvakanaka zvigadzirwa zvinopupa. Rabha rinogona kupushwa furo zvinobudirira, chinhu chinonyanya kukosha ndeye vulcanization yerabha uye maitiro ekuora eanopupa anofanirwa kuwiriraniswa, kana nguva yesarufa pane nguva yekupupuma iri pamberi zvishoma. Naizvozvo, mushure mekusarudza iyo vulcanization system, gadzirisa iyo foaming system kuti ienderane nayo, kana mushure mekusarudza iyo foaming system, gadzirisa iyo vulcanization system kuti ienderane nayo.

4, Sarudzo yekusimbisa filler

Carbon dema, silica uye mamwe ekusimbisa maajenti anogona kuvandudza kusimba uye kuomarara kweakafukidzwa nerabha zvigadzirwa, iyo yakakodzera yekuwedzera yecalcium carbonate, ivhu uye mamwe mafirita anogona kuvandudza mashandiro erabha uye kuderedza mutengo. Carbon dema inofanira kusarudza semi-yakasimbiswa FEF uye SRF kabhoni nhema, filler inofanira kusarudza light calcium carbonate, ivhu, etc., iyo mari haifanire kunge yakawandisa, zviri nani makumi maviri kusvika makumi mana makopi.

5, Sarudzo yeplasticizer

Zvido zvePlasticizer ndezvi: yakanaka plasticizing mhedzisiro, yakaderera dosage, kukurumidza kunyudzwa mwero, kuenderana kwakanaka nerabha, kuderera kudiki, kusatama, kusiri muchetura, kunhuhwirira, kusingadhure uye kuri nyore kuwana. Plasticizer inogona kuvandudza dhigirii rekupararira kweanosanganisa mumiriri, iyo processability uye kuumbwa kwemusanganiswa werabha. Foam rabha zvigadzirwa zvinoda yakakwira furo kuwedzeredza, huwandu hweplasticizer hwakawedzerwa hwakakura, uye sarudza kuenderana kwakanaka nerabha plasticizer.

6, Sarudzo ye antioxidant

Foam rabha zvigadzirwa zve porous chimiro, nzvimbo yepamusoro yakakura, iri nyore kuchembera, inofanira kusanganiswa ne antioxidants. Nheyo yekusarudza antioxidant ndeyese yakanaka anti-kuchembera maitiro, asi zvakare haina kukanganisa kuparara kweanopupa agent. Inogona kusarudza 4010, 264, MB uye mamwe antioxidants, iyo yakawanda kupfuura iyo yakawanda rabha zvigadzirwa.

7, musimboti wekupupa kwerabha

Rabha rakasimba rinopupuma kugadzirwa kwerabha chipanji, musimboti wekuwedzera furo mujenya rabha rakasarudzwa kana kuti wedzera furo mumiriri, kuora kweiyo inopupa mutembiricha yevulcanization kuburitsa gasi, yakakomberedzwa nerabha kuumba gomba rebubble 'kuitira kuti rabha riwedzere kuumba chipanje.

Zvinhu zvikuru zvinotarisisa nekupesvedzera chimiro chebubble pore ndezvi: huwandu hwekufuridza gasi mumiririri, mwero wekupararira kwegasi murabha, viscosity yerabha uye nekumhanya kwevulcanization, iyo inonyanya kukosha ndeyekuenderana kwehuwandu hwekufuridza gasi remumiririri, kukurumidza kwekugadzira gasi uye kukurumidza kwevulcanization yerabha.

Kugadzira zvirinani zvigadzirwa zverabha, sarudzo yeanofuridza ejenti mhando uye rubber vulcanization system ndiyo kiyi. Pane nzira mbiri dzakananga:

Kutanga, maererano nekushisa kwevulcanization kusarudza tembiricha yekuora uye iyo yakakodzera kuvhuvhuta mumiriri, uye zvino zvichienderana nekuparara kwekumhanya kweanofuridza mumiriri mune tembiricha yevulcanization kugadzirisa vulcanization kumhanya kwerabha, sekushandiswa kweanononoka kukurudzira uye vamwe vanosimudzira uye vulcanization system, inogona kushandiswa kugadzirisa huwandu hwevanokurudzira kugadzirisa kukurumidza.

Chechipiri, mune iyo vulcanization system kuona kumhanya kwevulcanization, zvichienderana nesarudzo yemhando dzefuro uye yakakodzera particle size. Saizi yechikamu cheiyo inofuridza zvakare chimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha pakuona kumhanya kwekuparara kweiyo inofuridza. Saizi yechikamu inodzikira, iyo chaiyo nzvimbo yezvimedu inowedzera, kupisa kwekushisa kunowedzera, uye kukurumidza kwekuparara kunokwidziridzwa, saka chiyero pakati pekuora kwekumhanya kweanofuridza uye vulcanization yekumhanya yerabha inogona kugadziridzwa nekusarudza iyo yakakodzera particle size yeanofuridza agent.

Tatu, kugadzira tekinoroji

1, Plasticizing

Izvo zvakakosha zveplasticizing raw rabha ndeyekupwanya nekuparadza macromolecular cheni yerabha. Kuvandudza mapurasitiki erabha, kuitira kuti kusanganisa uye kusanganisa maitiro ekugadzirisa mumiririri zviri nyore kuita. Mukugadzirira kwefoam rubber zvigadzirwa, zviri nani iyo plasticity yerabha, zviri nyore kuita zvigadzirwa zvine maunifomu bubble maburi, diki density uye diki shrinkage rate. Naizvozvo, rabha mbishi inofanira kunge yakazara plasticized.

2、Kuchengeta

Mushure mokunge rubber yakasanganiswa, inofanira kuiswa kwenguva yakareba yakakwana, kazhinji 2 ~ 4h, kuitira kuti zvakasiyana-siyana zvinowedzera zvakaparadzirwa zvakakwana mumusanganiswa werubha. Izvo zvakanyanya kuenzana zviwedzere zverubha zvakaparadzirwa, zviri nani kugadzikana kwekukura kwechigadzirwa, kutsetseka kwepamusoro uye kufanana kwemabhuru.

3、Tembiricha

Rubber foam inonzwa zvakanyanya kune tembiricha. Iyo yakafanana rabha zvinhu zvine mhedzisiro yekupupa kwakasiyana patembiricha dzakasiyana. Nekuti iyo foaming system uye iyo vulcanization system inonzwa tembiricha zvakasiyana, kushandura tembiricha yevulcanization inogadzirisa dambudziko rekufananidza iyo vulcanization system nefuro system.

4, Kugadzira

Nzira dzekuumba dzezvigadzirwa zverabha dzine furo ndeidzi: extrusion molding, molding, flat molding, etc. EPDM foamed products inowanzoshandiswa mu extrusion molding, uye NBR inonyanya kushandiswa mukuumba.