Fluoroelastomer idapangidwa bwino ndikuyikidwa muzopanga zamafakitale ndi DuPont chapakati pa 1950s kwa zaka zopitilira 60. Ili ndi kukana kwambiri kwamafuta, kukana kutentha kwambiri, kukana kwa asidi, kukana kwa alkali, kukana kwa ma radiation, kukana kwa dzimbiri, kukana kwa okosijeni kwamphamvu, kukana kwamphamvu kwamankhwala, kulimba kwa mpweya wabwino, mphamvu zabwino zakuthupi ndi zamakina, komanso kutchinjiriza kwamagetsi, kupsinjika pang'ono ndi kupunduka kosatha. Monga mphira wapadera wopanga, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'makampani opanga mankhwala, zakuthambo, magalimoto, mafakitale amafuta, makina, zamagetsi ndi zina. Fluorine raba ili ndi magwiridwe antchito abwino kwambiri komanso mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito kwambiri. Payokha anayamba ndi otsika kutentha mphira fluoroether China wakhala bwino ntchito kupanga Long March mndandanda wa Launch galimoto servo makina zisindikizo, komanso anasonkhana ndege womenya, akasinja atsopano pa chitoliro mafuta, magetsi dera sheathing ndi zipangizo zina. M'malo ogwiritsira ntchito magalimoto, kuwonjezeka tsiku ndi tsiku, m'mafakitale pang'onopang'ono kulimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphira wa fluorine.

Ngakhale mphira wa fluorine umalimbana kwambiri ndi media komanso kutentha kwambiri monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, pali zovuta zina ndi zovuta pakukonza ndi kupanga zinthu za rabara za fluorine, zomwe wamba zimatenthedwa ndi zinthu zakufa zikasakaniza, zotsegula zoyera zomata, nthawi zina madontho ang'onoang'ono oyera amapezeka podula ndikuyang'ana filimuyo ikatulutsidwa, mankhwalawo amakhala osavuta kukhetsa, kung'ambika, kung'ambika, kung'ambika, kung'ambika, kung'ambika, kung'ambika, kung'ambika, kung'ambika. kusowa kwa mphira, mapindikidwe azinthu, kuyatsa kwakukulu kwa nkhungu ndi zochitika zina zomwe zimakhudza mtundu wa mankhwala. Ubwino wa zinthu umakhudzidwa.

Poyankha zolakwika zomwe zili pamwambapa pakupanga, njira zotsatirazi zidapangidwa.

Mfundo 1. Zosakaniza za fluorine zakufa

Chifukwa chophatikizira mphira kukhudzana ndi sulfure chikasu kapena sulfure chikasu mankhwala, mabizinezi ambiri alibe wapadera kuyenga fluorine mphira makina, nthawi zambiri kuyenga ena sulfure chikasu mphira zakuthupi, kuyeretsa si m'malo, kapena zosakaniza mwangozi kuipitsidwa ndi sulfure chikasu kapena madzi, kotero kuti akhoza pamodzi ndi fluorine mphira kulimbikitsa mphira chifukwa cha mphira wopsereza, kapena mphira mphira, kapena mphira. kuwonongeka. Anakonza, makina abwino kwambiri apadera, ngati ayi, ayeneranso kukhala mu kutembenuka kwa mphira fluorine pamaso kuyenga, ayenera kukhala kwathunthu woyera mbale baffle ndi mbale chuma, mwamtheradi kupewa kukhudzana ndi madzi ndi sulfure chikasu, zosakaniza ntchito zida zapadera, zinthu supuni, kuteteza mtanda kuipitsidwa. Sungani calcium hydroxide ndi magnesium oxide osindikizidwa ndikukonzekera kugwiritsa ntchito.

Mfundo 2. Chochitika chodzigudubuza chomata

Makamaka mu ndondomeko kusanganikirana pa makina otsegulira, zinthu mphira mwamphamvu wokutidwa mu wodzigudubuza kumbuyo, kapena nthawi yomweyo atakulungidwa pamaso ndi pambuyo odzigudubuza awiri, chifukwa mu zinthu zakale mphira sangathe kutembenukira kuyenga, ndi yotsirizira ndi wothandizila anawonjezera mosavuta mbamuikha mu flakes ndi kugwa, chifukwa mu kubalalitsidwa m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Chifukwa chachikulu chomwe mphira wa fluorine amamatira pama roller ndi kuchepa kwa Menny kapena kutsika kwa ma molekyulu a rabara ya fluorine. Njira yothetsera vutoli ndi kusankha mphira yaiwisi ndi mamasukidwe akayendedwe pafupifupi 70, ndi ntchito yaiwisi mphira ndi yopapatiza maselo kulemera kugawa, ndiyeno kuwonjezera pang'ono sera Brazil kapena fulorini sera kapena otsika maselo kulemera polyethylene mu chilinganizo, amene angathenso kuthetsa chovutirapo chodzigudubuza chodabwitsa.

Mfundo 3. Za mawanga ang'onoang'ono oyera mu rabara yophatikiza

Ndi chifukwa ena ufa kubalalitsidwa wa fluorine mphira kuonjezera wothandizila si yunifolomu, kapena chifukwa cha ufa chinyezi caking, monga absorbers asidi calcium hydroxide, magnesium okusayidi ndi diatomaceous lapansi, barium sulfate, etc., njira yothetsera, kuteteza wothandizila compounding chinyezi ndi kulimbikitsa wochepa thupi chiphaso ndondomeko.

Mfundo 4. Mankhwalawa ndi osavuta kung'amba

Chifukwa, akhoza kukhala wandiweyani burr, yokonza pamene kung'ambika, kapena nkhungu ndi zolimba kwambiri, kunja kwa nkhungu burr mbali zakhala mu nkhungu, zosavuta mankhwala ndi burr pamaso kung'ambika, mphamvu yosagwirizana poyambitsa nkhungu, zosavuta kung'amba mankhwala. Nthawi zina kukonza nkhungu kumakhala kovuta, kapena zomatira zimamatira ku nkhungu, ndipo vulcanization ikatha, zimayambitsa zovuta kuchotsa nkhungu ndikung'amba mankhwalawo mosavuta. Kuphatikiza apo, kutentha kwa vulcanization ndikokwera kwambiri, komwe kumapangitsanso kuti zinthuzo zikhale zolimba komanso zosavuta kung'ambika. Pakuti zachilendo pamwamba, zikhoza kuthetsedwa kuchokera mbali zotsatirazi: nkhungu processing mwatsatanetsatane ayenera kukhala wabwino patsekeke roughness Ra zosakwana 0,8, kusiyana koyenera sayenera kukhala lalikulu kwambiri, vulcanization kutentha ulamuliro anasiya pakati madigiri 170 ndi zabwino, ndi zinthu mphira masekeli ayenera kukhala olondola.

Mfundo 5. kusweka Vuto la kuchepa ndi

Ndi chifukwa cha kupsyinjika kumachotsedwa pamene nkhungu imatsegulidwa, kuchepa kwa mphira wa fluorine, ndipo gawo la burr limamatira mu nkhungu ndi pamwamba pakati, kotero pakati pa gawo la mankhwala ndi burr limatulutsa mphamvu yowonongeka, kotero kuti mankhwalawa ndi kugawanika kwa burr, pamene kutsekedwa kwa mng'alu kumakulitsidwa ku gawo la mankhwala, kumayambitsa kuchepa ndi kuphulika kwa zochitika. Njira yothetsera vutoli ndi kuchepetsa kutentha kwa vulcanization moyenera, sankhani kukhuthala kwa Menny pafupifupi 70 [ML1 + 4] 121 madigiri, pamene nkhungu yoyenera digiri iyenera kukhala yoyenera, osati yotayirira komanso yolimba kwambiri.

Mfundo 6. Mphepete ili ngati kuyaka

Ndi vulcanization kutentha kwambiri, makamaka wandiweyani mankhwala, oyenera kuchepetsa kutentha vulcanization akhoza kugonjetsedwa.

Mfundo 7. Pali zotsalira pamgwirizano

I t ndi chifukwa lap mbali ya zinthu zomatira si kwathunthu anasakaniza pamodzi, kapena chifukwa zomatira Mzere ali zonyansa kapena mafuta fouling, yankho ndi kusunga preformed zomatira Mzere mu yosungirako, zoyendera, Kutsegula guluu woyera, kupewa kuipitsa.

Mfundo 8. Kupanda guluu

Zimakhudzana ndi kapangidwe ka nkhungu komanso kuchuluka kwa guluu. Chotsekeka nkhungu ndizovuta kutulutsa kusowa kwa guluu kuposa nkhungu yotseguka. Njira yothetsera vutoli ndikusintha mphamvu ya rabara ndikutsegula dzenje lolowera mpweya mu nkhungu.

Mfundo 9. Kusintha kwazinthu

Ndi chifukwa cha fluorine mphira shrinkage mlingo ndi lalikulu, pambuyo akamaumba mankhwala shrinkage anisotropy, coefficient ya matenthedwe kukula kwa mphira mbali zosiyanasiyana ndi osiyana, awiri vulcanization ndondomeko kupanga zina mtanda kugwirizana, makamaka chigawo cha vulcanization pansi sulfure, vulcanization awiri a mankhwala, vulcanization akupereka nthawi zonse zoonekeratu deformation. kupewa awiri vulcanization wa mankhwala mapindikidwe.

Point 10.Nkhungu banga lalikulu chodabwitsa

Ife zambiri ntchito 26 mtundu fluorine mphira, phenol vulcanization dongosolo, mu ndondomeko vulcanization adzakhala kwaiye HF, ndi asidi amphamvu kwambiri, ali ndi zotsatira zikuwononga kwambiri nkhungu, chilinganizo kuwonjezera asidi kuyamwa ndi kuyamwa HF kwaiye, kuteteza kuipitsa nkhungu. Njira yothetsera vutoli ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zokwanira kashiamu hydroxide ndi magnesium okusayidi molingana ndi chilinganizo, mlingo zambiri 6 mbali ndi 3 mbali, ndi Brazil sera akhoza kuwonjezeredwa chilinganizo, amene akhoza kusamukira ku mphira pamwamba pa vulcanization kupanga filimu kuteteza nkhungu kuipitsidwa.

Zomwe zili pamwambazi zomwe zili pamwambazi pakupanga ndi kukonza mphira wa fluorine zitha kuthetsedwa ndi njira zosiyanasiyana.