Zinc oxide ndi chinthu chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pokonza mphira. Popanga mphira, zinyalala ndi njira zobwezeretsanso zimatha kutulutsa zinc mankhwala, zomwe zimawononga chilengedwe, motero kuchuluka kwa zinc oxide mu rabara kuyenera kuchepetsedwa. yogwira nthaka okusayidi ali yaing'ono tinthu kukula, lalikulu padziko, mkulu vulcanization ntchito, poyerekeza ndi wamba nthaka okusayidi, kuchuluka kwa yogwira nthaka okusayidi yafupika, motero kuchepetsa kuvulaza nthaka kwa chilengedwe, kusonyeza chilengedwe ndi chuma phindu.
A ctive zinc oxide amapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira yonyowa, kuphatikiza kwa mpweya ndi kuwotcha, kuti apange zinc oxide yogwira komanso transparent zinc oxide, mosiyana ndi njira yowerengera yosalunjika yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi opanga ena ambiri. Njira yonyowa imakhala ndi kusinthasintha kwakukulu mu khalidwe, ndondomekoyi imapangitsanso kuti pakhale malo akuluakulu enieni (40m2 / g) ndi kugawa kwakukulu kwa tinthu ting'onoting'ono kwa ntchito zambiri, ndipo kutsika kwazitsulo zazitsulo zolemera ndi chimodzi mwa zitsimikizo za chilengedwe cha mankhwalawa.
Kupanga ndondomeko yonyowa ndi motere: zinki ingot ndi sulfuric acid anachita kupanga nthaka sulphate, ndiyeno zimene ndi sodium carbonate kupanga nthaka carbonate monga zopangira kwa okusayidi nthaka. Ndi zinc carbonate monga zopangira, zinc oxide amapangidwa ndi kutsuka, kuyanika, calcining ndi kuphwanya.
Ambiri tinthu kukula yogwira nthaka okusayidi ndi 50nm, enieni pamwamba m'dera lalikulu, za 40m2/g, ndi makhiristo ndi zisa, lotayirira ndi porous, kotero kubalalitsidwa ndi zabwino; kufalikira kwake liwiro ndi mofulumira kuposa wamba nthaka okusayidi, kugawa ndi yunifolomu, mu anachita kusintha chodabwitsa cha bridging agglomeration, kwenikweni akhoza anachita kwathunthu; zitsulo zolemera Pb2 +, Cu2 +, Cd2 +, Mn2 +, Fe2 + ndizochepa kwambiri, mogwirizana ndi zofunikira za chitetezo cha chilengedwe.
Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mankhwala
Zinc okusayidi mu makampani mphira zimagwiritsa ntchito ngati mphira vulcanization yogwira wothandizila (imathandizira wothandizila), ntchito yomwe ndi kumapangitsanso kutsegula kwa vulcanization accelerator ndi kusintha vulcanization zotsatira za labala. Amachita limagwirira ndi: nthaka okusayidi ndi accelerator mankhwala anachita kupanga accelerator nthaka mchere; accelerator zinki mchere ndi polysulfide mamolekyu kupanga polysulfide nthaka mchere; polysulfide nthaka mchere ndi mphira macromolecule anachita kumaliza chomaliza mankhwala crosslinking, kotero kuti kulimbikitsa vulcanization wa mphira, kutsegula ndi kulimbikitsa udindo wa odana ndi ukalamba, kukwaniritsa bata, processing chitetezo, mlingo waukulu wa kuchepetsa mlingo zosalongosoka, ndi kupititsa patsogolo mphira mankhwala, misozi kukana, abrasion kukana, ndi kuonjezera mphira wokhazikika wa vulcan mphira vulcanization. Ndipo kusintha vulcanized mphira Tambasula kupsyinjika, kumakanika mphamvu ndi elongation, kuchepetsa psinjika okhazikika mapindikidwe, etc.
1. Zogwira zinc oxide mu theka-zitsulo zozungulira matayala innerliner ntchito
Mu kuchuluka kwa zinthu, ntchito yogwira nthaka okusayidi 2 # chilinganizo mphira kuchiritsa liwiro kuposa ntchito wamba nthaka okusayidi 1 # chilinganizo mphira kuchuluka pafupifupi 1 zina; 3 # chilinganizo cha mlingo wa zinc oxide wokhazikika ndi 1 # chilinganizo cha mlingo wamba wa zinc oxide wa 80%, koma 3 # formula yochizira mphira ikadali yothamanga kwambiri kuposa mawonekedwe a rabara L. 3 zopangira mphira zopangira mphira, kukhuthala kwa Menni sikusiyana kwambiri.
Fomula yoyesera yowongolerera kulimba kwa rabara, kupsinjika kosalekeza, kulimba kwamphamvu ndi kung'ambika kuposa momwe kupanga mphira wopangidwa ndi vulcanized bwino, kukana kutopa komanso kusinthasintha kwa magwiridwe antchito akufanana, kutentha ndi kukalamba kwa mpweya kunatsika pang'ono.
yogwira nthaka okusayidi m'malo wamba nthaka okusayidi ntchito theka-zitsulo radial tayala mkati ply mphira, kuchiritsa katundu mphira thupi ndi ntchito wamba nthaka okusayidi kuchiritsa mphira mlingo n'zofanana ndi mphira, mphira vulcanization liwiro imathandizira, amene amathandiza kufupikitsa nthawi vulcanization. Kugwiritsa ntchito nthaka okusayidi yogwira kungachepetse kuchuluka kwa okusayidi ya zinki, kutengera zofunikira zachitetezo cha chilengedwe.
2. Kugwiritsa ntchito nthaka okusayidi yogwira mu mphira wopondera tayala
Ndi kuwonjezeka kwa kuchuluka kwa zinc oxide yogwira, TC10 ndi TC90 yonse ya kukula. ML ndi MH sizinasinthe kwambiri. Izi zikutanthauza kuti zinc oxide yogwira ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pang'onopang'ono.
Mphamvu yamakokedwe, 100% elongation, 300% elongation ndi kugwetsa mphamvu ya mphira sizinasinthe kwambiri ndi kuwonjezeka kwa kuchuluka kwa zinc oxide yogwira. Mlingo ukapitilira magawo 5, mphamvu yong'ambika ya mphira wovunda imachepetsa inst ead, yomwe imayamba chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwamphamvu kwa crosslink. Pambuyo pa ukalamba pa 100 ℃ × 24h, kusungirako ntchito kwa mphira wa rabara ndi magawo atatu a zinc oxide ndiyo yabwino kwambiri, ndipo ndi 2.5 magawo a mlingo ndi woipa kwambiri. Chifukwa chake chikhoza kukhala kuchuluka kwa magawo 2.5, mawonekedwe a rabara opangidwa ndi vulcanized siangwiro, omwe amawonekeranso mu elongation yomweyo pa misozi, kupindika kosatha pakung'ambika, kulimba kwa m'mphepete mwa nyanja, ndi ntchito yothira kutentha kwa m'badwo.
Kuwonjezera yogwira zinc okusayidi mphira kusakaniza, TC10 ndi TC90 yaitali kwambiri, osachepera makokedwe ML, pazipita makokedwe Mn ndi kusiyana pakati pa awiri MH ndi ML kuwonjezeka, kusonyeza kuti processing ake chitetezo, vulcanization liwiro pang'onopang'ono, mlingo wa kuwoloka kugwirizana ukuwonjezeka, mphamvu kumakokedwa, 100% yokhazikika elongation, 30% yokhazikika elongation, 30 elongation. 100 ℃ × 24h ukalamba, fanizo katundu wa mlingo posungira kwambiri Pambuyo kukalamba pa 100 ℃ × 24h, kusungitsa mlingo wa ntchito chitsanzo bwino kwambiri. Pamene zinc oxide yogwira ikugwiritsidwa ntchito mu chiwerengero chochepa, TC90 - TS1 imafupikitsa, kusintha kwa ML ndi MH sikuli kofunikira, ndipo mawonekedwe a makina a kusintha kwa mphira wowonongeka sizowonekera; 2.5 magawo a mlingo, kukana kukalamba kwa mphira wowonongeka kumachepa, kotero kuti ndalamazo zikhoza kuchepetsedwa kukhala magawo atatu a mlingo womwe ungagwiritsidwe ntchito.
Ubwino wa zinc oxide
Kupyolera mu kafukufuku wazinthu zomwe zili pamwambazi, tingaphunzire kuti zinc oxide yogwira ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kwambiri pazinthu zosiyanasiyana za labala.
(1) Ili ndi kubalalitsidwa kwabwino muzinthu za rabara, ndipo mawonekedwe akuthupi ndi amakina amakhala bwino;
(2) M’kati mwa vulcanization. Nthawi yophika ya zinthu za mphira imakhala yayitali, chitetezo cha vulcanization chimapangidwa bwino, ndipo mphamvu ya vulcanization imapangidwa bwino;
(3) Chifukwa chachikulu chapadera pamwamba m'dera ndi yaing'ono tinthu kukula ya yogwira okusayidi nthaka, angagwiritsidwe ntchito mu yafupika kuchuluka kuwonjezera zina mphira zipangizo.
