Ɛdenam ethylene, propylene ne non-conjugated diolefin copolymerization a ethylene propylene diene rɔba (EPDM) sɛ waya ne nhama insulation ade wɔ bɛboro mfe 60 abakɔsɛm. EPDM ne polyvinyl chloride (PVC) ne cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) ne nneɛma afoforo a ɛbɔ ho ban no wɔ gyinabea koro a wontumi nsi ananmu, na ne mfaso soronko ne: nkwa nna tenten, nsu ne oxygen a ɛko tia yiye ne ɔhyew a ɛgyina pintinn, ɔhyew a ɛtrɛw a wɔde yɛ adwuma. Sɛnea EPDM a wɔde di dwuma wɔ anyinam ahoɔden a wɔde siw ano no reyɛ kɛse no, EPDM nsɛnkyerɛnne atitiriw a wɔhwehwɛ nso reyɛ den kɛse, titiriw wɔ dwumadie a ɛkorɔn bi mu no, EPDM nsɛnkyerɛnneɛ titire a wɔde di dwuma no wɔ ahwehwɛdeɛ a emu yɛ den kɛseɛ, berɛ a nsɛnkyerɛnneɛ titire a ɛne no hyia no wɔ baabi a nteaseɛ wom nko ara, sɛdeɛ ɛbɛyɛ a EPDM no bɛdi ahwehwɛdeɛ no ho dwumadie, adwumayɛ ne dwumadie a wɔde di dwuma no ho dwuma. Fa EPDM sɛ nhwɛsoɔ ma medium-voltage waya ne cable insulation a wɔyɛ, sɛ tensile ahoɔden, tearing elongation, breakdown ahoɔden, dielectric loss, volume resistivity ne mfiri ne anyinam ahoɔden su afoforo a ɛho hia a ɛwɔ ade no mu betumi adi ahwehwɛde ahorow no ho dwuma a, raw material EPDM ethylene content, mooney viscosity, diolefin content ne ahotew ne nneɛma atitiriw afoforo a ɛsɛ sɛ wonya anohyeto a emu yɛ den. Nneɛma pii wɔ hɔ a ɛka EPDM waya ne nhama a wɔde siw ano no a ɛko tia asɛe. Wɔ atifi hɔ ethylene dodow, diolefin dodow ne ahotew akyi no, gel a ɛwɔ EPDM mu, ne nsakrae ne optimization a wɔyɛ wɔ processing formula no mu no nya nkɛntɛnso titiriw wɔ aduru no a ɛko tia abubu no so. Ɛnyɛ nneɛma biako ne nea atew ne ho a ɛwɔ nkɛntɛnso nko, na mmom wɔbom yɛ adwuma de nya nkɛntɛnso a edi mũ wɔ anyinam ahoɔden a ɛko tia nneɛma no sɛ ɛbɛsɛe no so. Wɔ krataa yi mu no, wɔapaw nneɛma bi a ɛka EPDM a ɛko tia sɛ ɛbɛsɛe no ama nhwehwɛmu ne nhwehwɛmu a wɔayɛ no nhyehyɛe, sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wɔbɛma nsɛm a ɛho hia a wɔde bɛkyerɛkyerɛ mu ama EPDM nneɛma a wɔde yɛ waya ne nhama a wɔde siw nsu ano.
1 Nkɛntɛnso a ENB mu nsɛm nya wɔ ahoɔden a ɛbubu so
ENB dodow (mass fraction) <4.5%, na sɛ ENB dodow kɔ soro a, ahoɔden a ɛwɔ ade no mu a ɛpaapae no so tew; ENB dodow (mass fraction) ≥4.5%, na bere a ENB dodow (mass fraction) kɔ soro no, ahoɔden a ɛwɔ ade no mu a ɛpaapae no kɔ soro.
2. Nkɛntɛnso a rɔba ahotew nya wɔ ahoɔden a ɛbubu so
Sɛ wɔde EPDM di dwuma wɔ nneɛma a wɔde siw anyinam ahoɔden ano a, ɛho hia sɛ nneɛma no ho tew kodu baabi. Wɔtaa da EPDM ahotew adi wɔ nsõ a ɛwɔ mu mu, a ne titiriw no ɛyɛ nkyene a ɛnyɛ abɔde a nkwa wom a dade ions (vanadium, aluminium, dade, sodium, ne nea ɛkeka ho) a wɔde ba bere a wɔreyɛ polymerization ne post-processing, ne amannɔne efĩ nso. Nsõ a ɛwɔ hɔ, a ɛne honam fam 'mfomso' yɛ pɛ no, ɛnyɛ den sɛ ɛbɛyɛ nkɔso a ɛba wɔ rɔba nneɛma mu denam anyinam ahoɔden a wɔde bɔ so. Bere a nsõ a ɛwɔ EPDM mu no kɔ soro no, dade ion a ɛwɔ nhwɛsode no mu nso kɔ soro, na ahoɔden a ɛwɔ ade a wɔawie no mu a ɛpaapae no so tew. Ash (dade ions, amannɔne efĩ) nya nkɛntɛnso pɔtee bi wɔ anyinam ahoɔden a ɛpaapae adwuma a ade no yɛ so ampa. Sɛ yesusuw nkɛntɛnso a dade ions nya wɔ ade no a ɛko tia abubu so a, dade ions a ɛwɔ sɔhwɛ nhwɛsode no mu no bɛyɛ beae bi a ɛwɔ ade no mu wɔ abɔnten anyinam ahoɔden a ɛwɔ abɔnten no dwumadi ase, a wɔde bɛto abɔnten so afiri no so de asɛe ade no. Bere a dade ions a ɛwɔ nhwɛsode no mu kɔ soro no, emu ahoɔden a ɛwɔ mu no kɔ soro nkakrankakra, na sɛnea ebetumi aba sɛ dade ions bɛboaboa ano wɔ baabi no nso kɔ soro, na ɛde mpɔtam hɔ afuw mu ahoɔden a ɛkorɔn a ɛnyɛ ne kwan so ba, na saa nneɛma yi nyinaa bɛtew ade no mu ahoɔden a ɛko tia sɛ ɛbɛpaapae no so. Nea ɛto so abien no, susuw nkɛntɛnso a amannɔne efĩ nya wɔ nneɛma a ɛko tia abubu so, rɔba nneɛma a ɛwɔ amannɔne efĩ no mu titiriw ne anhwea ne nkannare, ne nea ɛkeka ho, mpɛn pii no, saa efĩ ne rɔba nneɛma yi nhyia yiye koraa, na wɔn a ɛwɔ hɔ ma rɔba nneɛma no yɛ pɛ ne 'mfomso', a ɛsɛe rɔba nneɛma no biakoyɛ ne ne mudi mu kura. Sɛ abɔnten so anyinam ahoɔden a ɛkorɔn yɛ adwuma wɔ EPDM anyinam ahoɔden a ɛbɔ ho ban a ɛwɔ 'mfomso' so a, ɛbɛyɛ mmerɛw koraa sɛ wobɛbubu anyinam ahoɔden a ɛbɔ ho ban no mu wɔ 'mfomso' no so, na ɛnam so atew afiri no ahoɔden a ɛko tia anyinam ahoɔden a ɛpaapae no so.
3. Nkɛntɛnso a gel a ɛwɔ mu nya wɔ ahoɔden a ɛbubu so
Gel yɛ nhyehyɛe titiriw bi a 'rɔba asinasin' a ɛba bere a wɔreyɛ EPDM polymerization. Esiane ne nsɛso ne ne nhyehyɛe soronko nti, ne nkitahodi a ɛne molecule nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn a ɛfata wɔ rɔba ade no mu no yɛ mmerɛw koraa, na wobetumi abu ne ba a ɛwɔ hɔ nso sɛ 'efĩ' a aka wɔ rɔba ade no mu. '. Wɔ EPDM anyinam ahoɔden a ɛbɔ ho ban a ɛyɛ papa ho no, gel a ɛwɔ mu no nso betumi anya nkɛntɛnso wɔ anyinam ahoɔden a ɛpaapae adwuma a ɛwɔ ade no mu no so. Bere a gel a ɛwɔ EPDM mu no kɔ soro no, ahoɔden a ɛwɔ ade a wɔawie no mu a ɛpaapae no so tew. Esiane sɛ gel no yɛ crosslinked mesh structure nti, ne nsɛso yɛ soronko koraa wɔ EPDM molecule nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn a ɛyɛ daa no ho, na ɛno nti ɛne EPDM molecule nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn nhyia kɛse sen EPDM molecule nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn a ɛyɛ daa, na nkitahodi a ɛda gel ani ne molecule nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn a ɛyɛ daa ntam no yɛ mmerɛw sen nea ɛda EPDM molecule nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn a ɛyɛ daa ntam nkitahodi tumi a ɛda gel ani ne molecule nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn a ɛyɛ daa ntam no yɛ mmerɛw sen nea ɛda EPDM molecule nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn a ɛyɛ daa ntam, na ɛnyɛ nea ɛho hia sɛ wɔde EPDM molecule nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn 'hyɛ gel no ma'.
Ɛnyɛ nea ɛho hia sɛ wɔde EPDM molecule nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn 'hyɛ gel no ani ma', na ebia 'nkwan' bi wɔ hɔ. Esiane sɛ gel no a ɛwɔ hɔ no bɛka ade no biakoyɛ nti, ade a wɔayɛ ho adwuma no bɛyɛ afuw a ɛkɔ soro atwa gel no ho ahyia wɔ abɔnten so anyinam ahoɔden a ɛwɔ ahoɔden kɛse no dwumadi ase. Dodow a nsonsonoe a ɛda gel no nsɛso ne ne nhyehyɛe ne EPDM molecule nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn a atwa ho ahyia no ntam no, dodow no ara na afuw mu gradient no hyehyɛ kɛse no, dodow no ara na ɛyɛ mmerɛw sɛ wobebubu gel no ani a ɛwɔ tumi a ɛyɛ mmerɛw a ɛfa ho na ebia 'gap' wɔ ade no mu. Dodow a nsonsonoe wɔ EPDM molecule nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn no ntam no, dodow no ara na afuw mu nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn no yɛ kɛse no, dodow no ara na ɛda adi sɛ ɛbɛsɛe gel no ani wɔ baabi a tumi a ɛfa ho no yɛ mmerɛw na ebia 'nkwan' wɔ hɔ, na ɛyɛ 'mfomso' wɔ ade no mu, na ɛde nhwɛsode no abubu ntɛm, na ɛnam so ma nhwɛsode no abubu adwumayɛ so tew.
4. Nkɛntɛnso a processing formula nya wɔ breakdown ahoɔden so
Nnuru a wɔde yɛ adwuma no yɛ abusuabɔ titiriw a ɛwɔ EPDM nneɛma a wɔyɛ no mu ma ɛbɛyɛ anyinam ahoɔden a wɔde siw anyinam ahoɔden ano, nanso ɛyɛ nneɛma atitiriw a ɛka anyinam ahoɔden a wɔde siw ano no adwumayɛ a ɛpaapae no mu biako nso. Nsakraeɛ ne optimization a ɛwɔ mfitiaseɛ processing formula ne anyinam ahoɔden insulating additives a wɔde ka ho no betumi ama anyinam ahoɔden insulation nneɛma no asɛe adwumayɛ atu mpɔn kɛseɛ. Sɛ wɔyɛ EPDM raw material koro no ara ho adwuma sɛnea formula ahorow te akyi a, mfiri no su nsakra kɛse, na nea etwa to no korɔn bɛyɛ 5% pɛ sen kan no, nanso anyinam ahoɔden a ɛpaapae no wɔ nsakrae kɛse, na nea etwa to no korɔn bɛyɛ 60% sen kan no. Ade titiriw nti a mfiridwuma ne anyinam ahoɔden su atu mpɔn ne sɛ, po so nhama yɛfo no ama diisopropyl benzene peroxide dodow a wɔde di dwuma no ayɛ papa bere a wɔreyɛ nneɛma no ho adwuma, sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a nhama abien a ɛwɔ ENB nkyɛn nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn no mu no ayɛ crosslinked koraa, na nhama abien a aka no so atew, na wɔde kaolin ne anyinam ahoɔden a ɛbɔ ho ban afoforo a wɔde ka ho aka ho, na ɛma adsorbent no ani ne dwumadi, na ebetumi agye conductive ions a aka wɔ nneɛma no mu. Nsɛm mmienu a ɛwɔ atifi hɔ no dɔɔso sɛ ɛbɛkyerɛ hia a ɛho hia sɛ wɔde yɛ adwuma na ama anyinam ahoɔden a ɛpaapae adwumayɛ a ɛwɔ EPDM anyinam ahoɔden a wɔde siw ano no atu mpɔn.
5.Awiei
(1) Nkitahodi abien a ɛwɔ monomer a ɛto so abiɛsa (ENB) a ɛwɔ EPDM mu no nkyɛn nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn no mu no yɛ nea wɔde cross-linked a ɛdɔɔso kɛse.
(1) EPDM wɔ monomer a ɛto so abiɛsa (ENB) mu wɔ nkyɛn nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn a abien bond, dodow a ɛyɛ cross-linked koraa, dodow a nkae no sua, dodow no ara na ɛyɛ papa ma anyinam ahoɔden insulation nneɛma (wire ne cable insulation) anyinam ahoɔden asɛe a ɛko tia adwumayɛ.
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(3) Dodow a gel a ɛwɔ EPDM raw material mu no sua no, dodow no ara na ɛboa ma anyinam ahoɔden insulation nneɛma (wire ne cable insulation) anyinam ahoɔden a ɛbɔ ho ban no tu mpɔn.
(3) Dodow a gel a ɛwɔ EPDM raw material no mu no sua no, dodow no ara na anyinam ahoɔden a wɔde siw ano (wire ne cable insulation) no tumi a ɛko tia asɛe no ye.
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