Ma o ka ethylene, propylene a me ka non-conjugated diolefin copolymerization o ka ethylene propylene diene rubber (EPDM) ma ke ʻano he uea a me ke kaula insulation mea i ʻoi aku ma mua o 60 mau makahiki o ka mōʻaukala. ʻO ka EPDM a me ka polyvinyl chloride (PVC) a me ka polyethylene i hoʻopili ʻia (XLPE) a me nā mea insulating ʻē aʻe ke kūlana like ʻole, a ʻo kāna mau pono kūikawā: ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ka lawelawe ʻana, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kūʻē ʻana i ka wai a me ka oxygen a me ka thermal stability, kahi ākea ākea o nā mahana hana. ʻOiai ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hoʻohana ʻana o EPDM ma ke kahua o ka insulation uila, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā koi o nā ʻōkuhi kī EPDM, ʻoi aku hoʻi i kekahi mau noi kiʻekiʻe, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka mālama ʻana i nā ʻōkuhi koʻikoʻi o EPDM. E lawe i ka EPDM ma ke ʻano he laʻana no ka hana ʻana i ka uea waena a me ka insulation cable, inā ʻo ka ikaika tensile, elongation haehae, ikaika breakdown, dielectric loss, volume resistivity a me nā mea pono mechanical a me nā uila o ka huahana hiki ke hoʻokō i nā koi, ʻo ka EPDM ethylene content, mooney viscosity, diolefin content a me ka maʻemaʻe a me nā hōʻailona koʻikoʻi ʻē aʻe. Nui nā kumu e pili ana i ka haki ʻana o ka uea EPDM a me ka insulation cable. Ma waho aʻe o ka ʻikepili ethylene i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna, ka ʻike diolefin a me ka maʻemaʻe, ka ʻike gel i ka EPDM, a me ka hoʻoponopono ʻana a me ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ke ʻano o ka hoʻoponopono ʻana he hopena koʻikoʻi i ka pale ʻana o ka huahana. ʻAʻole lākou he hoʻokahi wale nō a hoʻokaʻawale i nā mea influencing, akā hana pū kekahi e loaʻa ka hopena piha i ka pale ʻana o ka uila o nā huahana. Ma kēia pepa, ua koho ʻia kekahi o nā mea e pili ana i ka haki ʻana o ka EPDM no ka noiʻi ʻōnaehana a me ka nānā ʻana, i mea e hāʻawi ai i ka ʻōlelo koʻikoʻi no ka synthesis o nā huahana EPDM no ka uea a me ka insulation cable.
1 Ka hopena o ka ʻike ENB i ka ikaika haki
ENB content (mass fraction) <4.5%, a me ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka ENB content, emi ka ikaika o ka haki ʻana o ka huahana; ENB content (mass fraction) ≥4.5%, a me ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka ENB content (mass fraction), piʻi ka ikaika haʻihaʻi o ka huahana.
2. Ka hopena o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻōpala i ka ikaika haki
Ke hoʻohana ʻia ʻo EPDM i ka hana ʻana i nā mea insulating uila, pono ka maʻemaʻe o ka mea i kekahi ʻano. Hōʻike pinepine ʻia ka maʻemaʻe o ka EPDM ma ke ʻano o ka lehu lehu, ka mea nui i haku ʻia me nā paʻakai inorganic i loaʻa nā ion metala (vanadium, aluminika, hao, sodium, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe) i hoʻokomo ʻia i ka wā polymerization a me ka hoʻoponopono ʻana, a me nā haumia haole. ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o ka lehu, e like me ka 'defect' kino, hiki ke lilo i mea hoʻomake i nā huahana lāʻau e ka uila. I ka piʻi ʻana o ka lehu i loko o ka EPDM, piʻi pū ka maʻiʻo ion metala i loko o ka hāpana, a ke emi nei ka ikaika haʻihaʻi o ka huahana i hoʻopau ʻia. ʻO ka lehu (metal ions, nā mea haumia ʻē aʻe) he hopena koʻikoʻi i ka hana hoʻopau uila o ka huahana. Ke noʻonoʻo nei i ka hopena o nā ion metala i ka haki ʻana o ka huahana, e hoʻokumu nā ion metala i loko o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i kahi kahua kūloko i loko o ka huahana ma lalo o ka hana o ke kahua uila waho, e hoʻopili ʻia me ke kahua waho e hōʻino i ka huahana. E like me ka maʻiʻo o ka metala iions i loko o ka hāpana mahuahua, ka kūloko kahua ikaika mahuahua, a me ka hiki o localized aggregation o metala iions mahuahua, e hopena i abnormally kiʻekiʻe kūloko kahua ikaika, a me keia mau mea a pau e hoemi i ka breakdown kū'ē o ka huahana. ʻO ka lua, e noʻonoʻo i ka hopena o nā haumia ʻē aʻe i ka haki ʻana o nā huahana, nā huahana rubber i loko o nā haumia haole ka nui o ke one a me ka ʻōpala, etc. I ka hana ʻana o kahi kahua uila uila kiʻekiʻe o waho i nā huahana insulation uila EPDM me nā 'defects', e maʻalahi ke wāwahi i nā huahana insulation uila ma nā 'defects', pēlā e hōʻemi ai i ke kūʻē ʻana o ka huahana i ka wāwahi uila.
3. Ka hopena o ka ʻike gel i ka ikaika wāwahi
ʻO ka gel kahi hanana kūikawā o 'nā ʻāpana ʻōpala' i hana ʻia i ka wā o ka polymerization o EPDM. Ma muli o kona morphology kūikawā a me kona ʻano, ʻo kona launa pū ʻana me ke kaulahao molekala maʻamau i loko o ka huahana lāʻau lapaʻau he nāwaliwali loa, a hiki ke manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia he ' haumia ' i koe i loko o ka huahana lāʻau. '. No nā huahana ho'opololei uila EPDM ki'eki'e, hiki i ka 'ike gel ke ho'ololi i ka hana ho'ohehe'e uila o ka huahana. I ka pi'i 'ana o ka ma'i'o gel i ka EPDM, emi iho ka ikaika ha'iha'i o ka huahana i ho'opau 'ia. No ka mea, he 'ano mesh crosslinked ka gel. ʻoi aku ka nāwaliwali o ka pilina ma waena o ka ʻili gel a me nā kaulahao molekala maʻamau ma mua o nā kaulahao mole EPDM maʻamau.
ʻAʻole pono ka ʻili o ka gel i 'hoʻopiha ʻia' me nā kaulahao molekala EPDM, a aia paha kekahi mau 'ʻākea'. Ma muli o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka gel e hoʻopili i ka homogeneity o ka huahana, e hana ka huahana i hana ʻia i kahi gradient āpau a puni ka gel ma lalo o ka hana o ke kahua uila uila kiʻekiʻe. ʻO ka ʻoi aku ka nui o ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka morphology a me ke ʻano o ka gel a me nā kaulahao molekala EPDM a puni, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ka gradient kahua, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka haki ʻana i ka ʻili o ka gel i ʻoi aku ka nāwaliwali o ka ikaika pili a aia paha he 'gap' i ka huahana. ʻOi aku ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā kaulahao mole EPDM, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka gradient kahua, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka luku ʻana i ka ʻili o ka gel kahi i nāwaliwali ai ka ikaika pili a aia paha nā 'nā āpau', e hana ana i 'nā hemahema' i ka huahana, e alakaʻi ana i ka haki mua ʻana o ka hāpana, a pēlā e hōʻemi ai i ka hana wāwahi o ka hāpana.
4. Ka hopena o ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka ikaika haʻihaʻi
ʻO ke kaʻina hana ka loulou nui i ka hana ʻana o nā huahana EPDM i nā huahana insulation uila, akā ʻo kekahi o nā kumu nui e pili ana i ka haki ʻana o nā huahana insulation uila. ʻO ka hoʻoponopono ʻana a me ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ke ʻano hana kumu a me ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā mea hoʻohui uila insulating hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi nui i ka hana wāwahi o nā huahana insulation uila. Ma hope o ka hana ʻana o ka EPDM raw mea like ʻole e like me nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole, ʻaʻole loli nui nā ʻano mechanical, a ʻo ka mea hope wale nō ma kahi o 5% kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ka mea mua, akā he loli nui ka ikaika haʻihaʻi uila, a ʻo ka hope ma kahi o 60% kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ka mua. ʻO ke kumu nui o ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i nā waiwai mechanical a me nā uila ʻo ia ka mea i hoʻopaʻa ʻia e ka mea hana kelepona moana i ke ʻano o ka diisopropyl benzene peroxide i ka wā o ka hana ʻana o nā huahana, i hoʻopili piha ʻia nā paʻa pālua ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻaoʻao o ENB, a ua hoʻemi ʻia nā koena pālua, a ua hoʻohui ʻia ka kaolin a me nā mea hoʻohui insulating uila ʻē aʻe, e hoʻonui ai i ka hana a hiki i ka adsorbent surface. Ua lawa nā helu ʻelua i luna e hōʻoia i ke koʻikoʻi o ke kaʻina hana e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka hana hoʻopau uila o nā huahana insulation uila EPDM.
5. Ka hopena
(1) ʻO ka mea paʻa pālua ma ke kaulahao ʻaoʻao o ke kolu o ka monomer (ENB) ma EPDM ua ʻoi aku ka lawa o ka hoʻopili ʻia.
(1) EPDM i ke kolu o ka monomer (ENB) ma ka aoao kaula o ka paa palua, ka oi piha kea-pili, ka haʻahaʻa i ka helu o ke koena, i ka mea conducive i ka uila insulation huahana (uwea a me ka uwea insulation) uila breakdown kū'ē hana.
(2) ʻOi aku ke kiʻekiʻe o ka maʻemaʻe o ka EPDM maka (ʻo ka haʻahaʻa o ka lehu maʻi), ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i nā huahana insulation uila (wire a me cable insulation layer).
(3) ʻO ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ka waihona gel o ka EPDM raw material, ʻoi aku ka nui o ke kōkua ʻana i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i nā huahana insulation uila (wire and cable insulation) uila breakdown resistance.
(3) ʻO ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ka ʻike gel o ka EPDM raw material, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana o nā huahana insulation uila (wire and cable insulation).
(4) ʻO ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka nui o ka EPDM i ka hoʻokumu kumu o nā insulators uila (wire and cable insulation) a me ka hoʻohui ʻana me nā mea hoʻohui uila hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi i ka haki ʻana o nā insulators uila (wire a me ka insulation cable).
