Los ntawm ethylene, propylene thiab non-conjugated diolefin copolymerization ntawm ethylene propylene diene roj hmab (EPDM) raws li cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab cable rwb thaiv tsev muaj ntau tshaj 60 xyoo keeb kwm. EPDM thiab polyvinyl chloride (PVC) thiab cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) thiab lwm yam ntaub ntawv insulating muaj tib yam irreplaceable txoj hauj lwm, thiab nws tshwj xeeb zoo yog: ntev kev pab cuam lub neej, zoo dua tiv thaiv dej thiab oxygen thiab thermal stability, ntau yam kev khiav hauj lwm kub. Raws li daim ntawv thov ntawm EPDM nyob rau hauv lub tshav pob ntawm hluav taws xob rwb thaiv tsev yog ntau thiab ntau, qhov yuav tsum tau ntawm EPDM cov cim tseem ceeb kuj xav tau ntau thiab ntau, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv ib co high-end daim ntaub ntawv, kev tswj ntawm cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm EPDM muaj ntau stringent yuav tsum tau, tsuas yog thaum lub sij hawm coj cov ntsuas tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv ib tug tsim nyog ntau yam, thiaj li hais tias EPDM kom ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua, kev ua tau zoo thiab kev siv. Siv EPDM ua piv txwv rau kev tsim cov nruab nrab-voltage hlau thiab cable rwb thaiv tsev, yog tias lub zog tensile, tearing elongation, tawg lub zog, dielectric poob, ntim resistivity thiab lwm yam tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tuaj yeem ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua, cov khoom siv raw EPDM ethylene cov ntsiab lus, mooney viscosity, diolefin cov ntsiab lus thiab purity thiab lwm yam kev txwv tseem ceeb. Muaj ntau ntau yam cuam tshuam rau kev tawg tsis kam ntawm EPDM hlau thiab cable rwb thaiv tsev. Ntxiv rau cov ntsiab lus ethylene saum toj no, cov ntsiab lus diolefin thiab purity, cov ntsiab lus gel hauv EPDM, nrog rau kev hloov kho thiab kev ua kom zoo ntawm cov mis ua tau zoo muaj feem cuam tshuam rau cov khoom tawg ua haujlwm. Lawv tsis tsuas yog ib leeg thiab cais cov cuam tshuam, tab sis kuj ua haujlwm ua ke kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm cov hluav taws xob tawg tsis kam ntawm cov khoom. Nyob rau hauv daim ntawv no, ib co ntawm cov yam tseem ceeb uas cuam tshuam rau kev tawg tsis kam ntawm EPDM raug xaiv rau kev tshawb fawb thiab kev soj ntsuam, thiaj li yuav muab cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb rau cov synthesis ntawm EPDM cov khoom rau hlau thiab cable rwb thaiv tsev.
1 Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm ENB cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev tawg lub zog
ENB cov ntsiab lus (feem feem ntau) <4.5%, thiab nrog rau qhov nce ntawm ENB cov ntsiab lus, lub zog tawg ntawm cov khoom txo qis; ENB cov ntsiab lus (feem ntau) ≥4.5%, thiab nrog rau kev nce ntawm ENB cov ntsiab lus (feem feem ntau), lub zog tawg ntawm cov khoom nce.
2. Kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov roj hmab purity ntawm lub zog tawg
Thaum EPDM siv rau hauv kev ua cov khoom siv hluav taws xob insulating, qhov purity ntawm cov khoom yuav tsum muaj rau qee yam. Lub purity ntawm EPDM feem ntau yog qhia nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov hmoov tshauv, uas yog tsim los ntawm inorganic ntsev uas muaj hlau ions (vanadium, txhuas, hlau, sodium, thiab lwm yam) qhia thaum lub sij hawm polymerization thiab tom qab ua, raws li zoo raws li txawv teb chaws impurities. Lub xub ntiag ntawm tshauv, sib npaug rau lub cev 'kev tsis zoo', yooj yim ua ib qho kev tawg ntawm cov khoom siv roj hmab los ntawm hluav taws xob poob siab. Raws li cov hmoov tshauv hauv EPDM nce, cov hlau ion cov ntsiab lus hauv cov qauv kuj nce, thiab lub zog tawg ntawm cov khoom tiav yuav txo qis. Tshauv (hlau ions, txawv teb chaws impurities) muaj qee yam cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Xav txog cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov hlau ions ntawm kev ua kom tsis muaj zog ntawm cov khoom, cov hlau ions hauv cov qauv ntsuas yuav tsim ib thaj chaw hauv cheeb tsam hauv cov khoom raws li qhov kev txiav txim ntawm sab nraud hluav taws xob teb, uas yuav tsum superimposed nrog rau sab nraud teb kom puas cov khoom. Raws li cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov hlau ions nyob rau hauv cov qauv nce, lub sab hauv teb lub zog maj mam nce, thiab muaj peev xwm ntawm localized aggregation ntawm cov hlau ions kuj nce, uas ua rau lub zog nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam txawv txav, thiab tag nrho cov no yuav txo tau qhov kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov khoom. Thib ob, xav txog qhov cuam tshuam ntawm txawv teb chaws impurities nyob rau hauv kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov khoom, roj hmab cov khoom nyob rau hauv txawv teb chaws impurities feem ntau muaj xws li xuab zeb thiab xeb, thiab lwm yam, feem ntau, cov impurities thiab roj hmab cov khoom yog heev tsis zoo compatibility, thiab lawv lub xub ntiag rau cov khoom siv roj hmab yog sib npaug rau 'tsis xws luag', rhuav tshem cov uniformity thiab kev ncaj ncees ntawm cov khoom siv roj hmab. Thaum cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob sab nraud ua rau EPDM hluav taws xob rwb thaiv tsev cov khoom nrog 'defects', nws yuav yooj yim rau kev tawg los ntawm cov khoom hluav taws xob rwb thaiv tsev ntawm 'tsis xws luag', yog li txo cov khoom tiv thaiv hluav taws xob tawg.
3. Kev cuam tshuam ntawm gel cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev tawg lub zog
Gel yog ib tug tshwj xeeb qauv ntawm 'rubber hais' tsim thaum lub sij hawm lub polymerization ntawm EPDM. Vim nws qhov tshwj xeeb morphology thiab cov qauv, nws cov kev sib cuam tshuam nrog cov saw hlau molecular hauv cov khoom siv roj hmab yog qhov tsis muaj zog, thiab nws lub neej tuaj yeem suav tau tias yog ' impurity' nyob rau hauv cov khoom siv roj hmab. 'Rau cov khoom zoo EPDM hluav taws xob rwb thaiv tsev, cov ntsiab lus gel kuj tseem tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Raws li cov ntsiab lus ntawm EPDM nce, lub zog tawg ntawm cov khoom tiav yuav txo qis, txij li cov gel yog ib qho crosslinked mesh qauv, nws cov morphology yog qhov txawv ntawm qhov qub EPDM molecular chains, thiab yog li ntawd nws tsis tshua muaj molecular EP. chains, thiab kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm gel nto thiab ib txwm molecular chains tsis muaj zog tshaj li ntawm ib txwm EPDM molecular chains Cov kev sib cuam tshuam quab yuam ntawm cov gel nto thiab ib txwm molecular chains tsis muaj zog tshaj li ntawm ib txwm EPDM molecular chains, thiab cov gel nto tsis tas yuav 'filled' nrog EPDM molecular chains.
Qhov saum npoo ntawm cov gel tsis tas yuav 'filled' nrog EPDM molecular chains, thiab tej zaum yuav muaj qee qhov 'pab'. Txij li thaum lub neej ntawm cov gel yuav cuam tshuam rau homogeneity ntawm cov khoom, cov khoom tiav yuav tsim ib daim teb gradient nyob ib ncig ntawm lub gel nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm sab nraud high-voltage hluav taws xob teb. Qhov ntau dua qhov sib txawv ntawm cov morphology thiab cov qauv ntawm cov gel thiab ib puag ncig EPDM molecular chains, qhov ntau dua qhov kev tsim ntawm thaj chaw gradient, qhov yooj yim dua nws yog qhov tawg ntawm cov gel uas muaj cov txheeb ze tsis muaj zog thiab tej zaum yuav muaj 'gap' hauv cov khoom. Qhov ntau qhov sib txawv ntawm EPDM molecular chains, qhov ntau dua qhov gradient, qhov ntau dua yuav rhuav tshem cov gel nto qhov twg cov txheeb ze quab yuam tsis muaj zog thiab tej zaum yuav muaj 'pas', ua 'tsis xws luag' nyob rau hauv cov khoom, ua rau lub ntxov tawg ntawm tus qauv, thiab yog li txo qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov qauv.
4. Kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev ua cov qauv ntawm kev tawg lub zog
Cov qauv kev ua haujlwm yog qhov txuas tseem ceeb hauv kev ua cov khoom lag luam EPDM rau hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, tab sis kuj yog ib qho tseem ceeb cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom hluav taws xob rwb thaiv tsev. Kev hloov kho thiab kev ua kom zoo ntawm cov qauv kev ua haujlwm yooj yim thiab qhov sib ntxiv ntawm cov hluav taws xob insulating additives tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom hluav taws xob rwb thaiv tsev. Tom qab tib yam EPDM raw khoom tau ua tiav raws li cov qauv sib txawv, cov khoom siv kho tshuab tsis hloov pauv ntau, thiab tom kawg tsuas yog li 5% siab dua li qub, tab sis lub zog tawg hluav taws xob muaj qhov hloov pauv loj, thiab tom kawg yog li 60% siab dua li qub. Qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb rau kev txhim kho cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab hluav taws xob yog tias cov chaw tsim hluav taws xob hauv hiav txwv tau ua kom zoo dua cov tshuaj diisopropyl benzene peroxide thaum lub sij hawm ua cov khoom, yog li ntawd ob daim ntawv cog lus nyob rau sab saw ntawm ENB yog tag nrho crosslinked, thiab cov residual ob daim ntawv cog lus raug txo, thiab kaolin thiab lwm yam hluav taws xob insulating additives yog ntxiv rau adsorption nto, uas yuav ua rau kom cov adsorption ntawm cov khoom seem, thiab cov khoom seem ntawm adsorbent. cov khoom. Ob lub ntsiab lus saum toj no yog qhov txaus los ua pov thawj qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov qauv kev ua haujlwm los txhim kho cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tawg ntawm EPDM hluav taws xob rwb thaiv tsev khoom.
5. Cov lus xaus
(1) Qhov ob daim ntawv cog lus nyob rau sab saw ntawm peb monomer (ENB) nyob rau hauv EPDM yog ntau txaus cross-linked.
(1) EPDM nyob rau hauv lub thib peb monomer (ENB) nyob rau hauv lub sab saw ntawm ob daim ntawv cog lus, lub siab cross-linked ntau dua, qhov tsawg ntawm cov residues, qhov ntau conducive rau hluav taws xob rwb thaiv tsev cov khoom (hlau thiab cable rwb thaiv tsev) hluav taws xob tawg ua hauj lwm kev ua tau zoo.
(2) Qhov siab dua qhov purity ntawm EPDM raw khoom (qhov qis dua cov hmoov tshauv), ntau pab tau rau kev txhim kho cov khoom hluav taws xob rwb thaiv tsev (hlau thiab cable rwb thaiv tsev txheej) hluav taws xob tawg tsis kam.
(3) Qhov qis dua cov ntsiab lus ntawm EPDM raw khoom, qhov ntau nws pab txhim kho cov khoom hluav taws xob rwb thaiv tsev (hlau thiab cable rwb thaiv tsev) hluav taws xob tawg tsis kam.
(3) Qhov qis dua cov gel cov ntsiab lus ntawm EPDM raw khoom, qhov zoo dua qhov kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob rwb thaiv tsev (hlau thiab cable rwb thaiv tsev).
(4) Kho tus nqi ntawm EPDM nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus formulation ntawm hluav taws xob insulators (hlau thiab cable rwb thaiv tsev) thiab supplementing nws nrog hluav taws xob insulating additives yuav ho txhim kho lub breakdown resistance ntawm hluav taws xob insulators (hlau thiab cable rwb thaiv tsev).
