Momwe mungachepetsere mtengo wophatikiza mphira
M'dziko lopikisana kwambiri la malonda a mphira, mtengo wophatikizira ndi wofunika kwambiri kuti phindu lachuma likhale lopambana. Ndizotheka kupanga mapangidwe apawiri omwe amakwaniritsa zosowa za kasitomala malinga ndi magwiridwe antchito onse, koma amakanidwa ndi kasitomala chifukwa ndi okwera mtengo kwambiri.
Kuphatikiza apo, zinthu za rabara nthawi zambiri zimagulitsidwa ndi voliyumu m'malo molemera (zopangidwa nthawi zambiri zimakhala zazikulu). Choncho, n'zomveka kuyerekeza 'mtengo pa voliyumu' osati 'mtengo pa kulemera kwake' kwa rabara.
Zotsatirazi zitha kuchepetsa mtengo wachuma pagulu. Zindikirani: Zoyeserera izi sizingagwire ntchito pazochitika zilizonse. Kusintha kulikonse komwe kumachepetsa mtengo kumakhudzanso zinthu zina, zabwino kapena zoyipa.
1. Mpweya wakuda / pulasitiki
Kusankha mtundu wakuda wakuda wakuda komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta odzaza kwambiri kumapangitsa kuti modulus wapawiriyo asalekerere mtengo wake ukutsika.
2. Carbon wakuda kudzaza kuchuluka
Ganizirani kusankha malo otsika komanso otsika kwambiri amtundu wakuda wakuda, chifukwa mpweya wakuda uwu siwotsika mtengo, komanso umakhala ndi kuchuluka kodzaza, komwe kumatha kuchepetsa mtengo wa rabara.
Sankhani kaboni wakuda wocheperako wocheperako, chifukwa ukhoza kudzazidwa ndi kuchuluka, zomwe zitha kuchepetsa mtengo wa rabara.
Sankhani malo otsika kwambiri komanso otsika kwambiri amtundu wakuda kuti mudzaze mphira wokwera mtengo, ndikusunga kukhuthala kwa mphira kusakwera kwambiri, kuti mphirayo apangidwe kapena kutenthedwa ndi njira zina, ndipo mtengo wake uchepetse pang'ono.
3. Silika
Pakukana kutsika kwapang'onopang'ono komanso kukana bwino kutsetsereka, silika nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chodzaza ndi organosilane coupling agent imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Silane coupling agents ndi okwera mtengo, ndipo ngati silane coupling agent yocheperako ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ndipo ntchito ya silane imakhalabe yosasinthika, mtengo wa pawiri ukhoza kuchepetsedwa kwambiri. Chizoloŵezi chodziwika bwino ndicho kugwiritsa ntchito silika yokhala ndi hydroxyl yapamwamba kwambiri, monga momwe adaphunzirira kuti agwirizane mosavuta. Choncho, ndi magulu ambiri a hydroxyl mumagulu, wothandizira wocheperapo wa silane amafunikira komanso makina omwewo amasungidwa pamene mtengowo ukuchepetsedwa.
4. Wodzaza
Muzinthu zoyera zodzaza TIO2, zodzaza zoyera zotsika mtengo (monga dongo lotsukidwa ndi madzi, calcium carbonate, whitening agent, etc.) zikhoza kuganiziridwa kuti zilowe m'malo mwa TIO2, ndipo chigawocho chidzakhalabe ndi mphamvu yophimba komanso yoyera.
Muzitsulo zodzaza silika, kusintha zina mwa silika ndi carbon black-silika biphasic fillers kungathenso kuchepetsa mtengo wa pawiri, chifukwa kungachepetse kuchuluka kwa silane coupling agent, komanso kuchepetsa sitepe ya chithandizo cha kutentha pakusakaniza.
Kudzaza mphira ndi calcium carbonate kudzachepetsa kwambiri mtengo wa rabala. Mofananamo, dongo lidzachepetsa kwambiri mtengo wa zomatira.
Ngakhale kachulukidwe ka talc (2.7g / cm3) ndi wamkulu kuposa wa kaboni wakuda (1.8g / cm3), ngati magawo 1.5 (ndi misa) a talc amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo mwa 1 gawo (ndi misa) ya kaboni wakuda, mtengo wapawiri ukhoza kuchepetsedwa. Kuonjezera apo, ufa wa talc udzawonjezera kuthamanga kwa extrusion ndikuwongolera zomwe zimachokera, zomwe zidzachepetse mtengo.
5. Kuchepetsa kachulukidwe
Zopangira mphira nthawi zambiri zimagulidwa ndi voliyumu osati kulemera kwake. Ngati musintha mawonekedwe a rabara kuti muchepetse kachulukidwe, ndikusunga mtengo pa voliyumu ya unit osasinthika, ndiye kuti mutha kuchepetsa mtengo mosadukiza. Mwachitsanzo, posintha CR ndi NBR, mtengo wamtundu wa rabara umatsika, malinga ngati kusintha kwina kwa rabala sikuthetsa phindu la mtengowu.
6. yasintha masitepe awiri ndikuphatikiza zowonjezera.
Ngati n'kotheka, kusintha masitepe awiri ophatikizana ndi njira imodzi yophatikizira pogwiritsa ntchito njira zowongolera mphamvu komanso kuyezetsa mphamvu kwamphamvu kungachepetsenso ndalama.
7. Zothandizira pokonza
Kugwiritsa ntchito zida zothandizira kumatha kupititsa patsogolo kuthamanga kwa extrusion kapena calendering pawiri, motero kuchepetsa ndalama.
8. FKM/ACM kuphatikiza
Kusintha FKM yoyera ndi kusakaniza kwa FKM/ACM (Dai-El AG-1530) kungapangitse mphira kukhala ndi kutentha kwabwino komanso kukana mafuta.
