Rubber aiki wakili kuma aka sani da vulcanizing mai aiki wakili. Abun da ba shi da tsari ko na halitta da aka yi amfani da shi don yin hanzarin vulcanization yana aiki. Yana iya ƙara girman ƙarfin abin totur, rage adadin abin totur, da rage lokacin ɓarna. Mafi yawan abubuwan da ke cikin inorganic additives su ne karfe oxides, hydroxides da kuma asali carbonates, irin su zinc oxide, gubar oxide, calcium hydroxide, gubar carbonate, da dai sauransu, abu mafi muhimmanci a Organic Additives shi ne m acid, bi da amines, sabulu, da dai sauransu. Irin su stearic acid, dibutyloleic acid amine, zinc stearate ne m nauyi fiye da rubber 5%, da dai sauransu.

Abubuwan Haɓaka Rubber: Cikakkun Abubuwan Kaya, Fa'idodi, da Aikace-aikace

1. Zinc Oxide (ZnO)

Kaddarori:

• Fari, foda mara wari tare da takamaiman nauyi (5.6 g/cm³).

• Matsayin narkewa: 1,975°C; Fihirisar magana: 2.008-2.029.

• Babban reactivity azaman mai kunnawa vulcanization.

• UV-blocking da antimicrobial Properties.

Amfani:

• Yana haɓaka vulcanization sulfur (yana rage lokacin warkewa da 20-30%).

• Inganta kayan aikin injiniya (ƙarfin ƙarfi + 15-25%, elongation a hutu + 10-15%).

• FDA-an yarda don aikace-aikacen hulɗar abinci (21 CFR 172.480).

• Abokan muhali (marasa guba, sake yin amfani da su).

Aikace-aikace:

• Tayoyi: Gawawwakin taya mai bel ɗin ƙarfe (yana haɓaka mannewa tsakanin roba da ƙarfe).

• Takalmi: Mahalli na waje (yana haɓaka juriyar abrasion, ASTM D5963: 50-80 mm³ asarar).

• Likita: Safofin hannu na tiyata (kariyar rigakafi, ASTM E2149).

• Adhesives: Rubber-to-metal bonding (yana ƙara ƙarfin kwasfa da 30-40%).

2. Fenolic Resin

Kaddarori:

• Thermosetting polymer tare da high crosslink yawa.

• Juriya mai zafi: Ci gaba da amfani har zuwa 180 ° C (na tsaka tsaki 250 ° C).

• Babban tsauri (modulus: 2-4 GPa) da kwanciyar hankali mai girma.

• Juriyar sunadarai ga acid, tushe, da kaushi.

Amfani:

• Yana ba da ƙarfafa tsarin (ƙara taurin ta 10-20 Shore A).

• Retardant na harshen wuta (UL94 V-0 ba tare da ƙari na halogen ba).

• Mai tsada idan aka kwatanta da na musamman thermoplastics.

• Tsarin warkewa na musamman (acid-catalyzed ko kunna zafi).

Aikace-aikace:

• Taya: mahadi na gefe (yana inganta juriya yanke, ASTM D624).

• Belts masana'antu: Mai ɗaukar bel don yanayin zafi mai zafi (misali, masana'antar siminti).

• Kayayyakin Ƙarfafawa: Ƙaƙƙarfan birki (yana kiyaye daidaituwar juzu'i a 0.35-0.45 ƙarƙashin 200°C).

• Foundry: Core sand binders (rage juyin halittar gas a lokacin simintin).