ʻIke ʻia ʻo Rubber active agent ma ke ʻano he vulcanizing active agent. He mea anoano a mea ola paha i hoʻohana ʻia no ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i ka mea hoʻoheheʻe vulcanization. Hiki iā ia ke hoʻonui i ka hiki o ka accelerator, hoʻemi i ka nui o ka accelerator, a hoʻopōkole i ka manawa vulcanization. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā mea hoʻohui inorganic he metala oxides, hydroxides a me nā carbonates kumu, e like me ka zinc oxide, lead oxide, calcium hydroxide, lead carbonate, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, ʻo ka mea nui loa i nā mea hoʻohui organik he mau momona momona, ukali ʻia e nā amines, kopa, etc.

ʻO nā mea hoʻohui Rubber: Nā waiwai kikoʻī, nā pono, a me nā noi

1. Zinc Oxide (ZnO)

Nā waiwai:

• ʻO ka pauda keʻokeʻo, ʻaʻala ʻole me ka ʻumekaumaha kikoʻī kiʻekiʻe (5.6 g/cm³).

• Ka helu hehee: 1,975°C; helu hoʻopaʻa ʻana: 2.008–2.029.

• High reactivity like me ka vulcanization activator.

• ʻO ka pale UV a me nā waiwai antimicrobial.

Pono:

• Hoʻonui i ka vulcanization sulfur (hōʻemi i ka manawa hoʻōla ma 20-30%).

• Hoʻomaikaʻi i nā waiwai mechanical (ikaika tensile + 15-25%, elongation ma ka haʻihaʻi + 10-15%).

• Ua ʻae ʻia ʻo FDA no nā noi pili meaʻai (21 CFR 172.480).

• Pili kaiapuni (non-toxic, recyclable).

Nā noi:

• Nā Paila: Nā kupapaʻu radial kāʻei kāʻei kila (hoʻonui i ka pili ʻana ma waena o ke kila a me ke kila).

• Nā kāmaʻa wāwae: Nā pūhui waho (hoʻomaikaʻi i ka pale ʻana i ka abrasion, ASTM D5963: 50–80 mm³ poho).

• Lapaʻau: Nā mīkina lima ʻokiʻoki (pale antimicrobial, ASTM E2149).

• Hoʻopili: Hoʻopili ʻia ka Rubber-to-metal (hoʻonui i ka ikaika o ka ʻili ma 30-40%).

2. Phenolic Resin

Nā waiwai:

• Thermosetting polymer me ke kiʻekiʻe crosslink density.

• Kūleʻa wela: Hoʻohana mau ʻia a hiki i 180 ° C (intermittent 250 ° C).

• ʻO ka rigidity kiʻekiʻe (modulus: 2-4 GPa) a me ke kūlana paʻa.

• Ke kū'ē kemika i nā ʻakika, nā kumu, a me nā mea hoʻoheheʻe.

Pono:

• Hāʻawi i ka hoʻoikaika kino (hoʻonui i ka paʻakikī e 10-20 Shore A).

• Paʻa ahi (UL94 V-0 helu me ka ʻole o nā mea hoʻohui halogen).

• Kūʻai maikaʻi ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā thermoplastics kūikawā.

• Nā ʻōnaehana hoʻoponopono hoʻoponopono (acid-catalyzed a i ʻole wela-hoʻā ʻia).

Nā noi:

• Nā Paila: ʻO nā pūhui ʻaoʻao (hoʻomaikaʻi i ka pale ʻoki ʻana, ASTM D624).

• Nā kāʻei ʻoihana: Nā kāʻei conveyor no nā wahi wela kiʻekiʻe (e laʻa, nā mea kanu sima).

• Mea Pa'i Pa'i: Pa'a ka'a (mālama 'ia ka heluna o ka pa'i ma 0.35–0.45 ma lalo o 200°C).

• Foundry: ʻO nā mea hoʻopaʻa one koʻikoʻi (hōʻemi i ka hoʻomohala kinoea i ka wā e hoʻolei ana).