Xiphiqo lexi xiyekaka xa fluoroelastomer (FKM) i ku tiya ka mahiselo yale hansi lokunga kahle. Mahiselo yale hansi ya mahiselo yo tlhelela endzhaku (TR10) ya binary FKM hi xitalo i -18 kuya eka -16 °C, naswona mahiselo ya ku cinca ka nghilazi (Tg) i -20 °C; ku tiya ka mahiselo yale hansi ka ternary FKM swikahle kutlula ka binary FKM. Muxaka wo hlawuleka wa mahiselo yale hansi wa FKM wuna ku tiya ka kahle ka mahiselo yale hansi, kambe ntsengo wule henhla swinene.
FKM eka ASTM D 2000-2012 'sisiteme ya ku hlawuriwa ka swikumiwa swa rhaba ya mimovha' ya swikumiwa swa giredi ya M2, M5, M6 leswi lavekaka ku hundza eka xikambelo xa embrittlement ya mahiselo ya le hansi ya F15 (-25 °C), swikumiwa swa giredi ya M4 leswi lavekaka ku hundza xikambelo xa embrittlement ya mahiselo ya le hansi ya F17 (-40 °C). Emalembeni ya sweswinyana, switirhisiwa swotala swinene swa FKM swa laveka kuva swifikelela swilaveko swa ku tiya ka mahiselo yale henhla (250-275 °C) xikan’we na embrittlement ya mahiselo yale hansi F15 kumbe F17. Ndlela ya kahle iku tirhisa FKM ya mahiselo yale hansi, kufana na brittleness temperature ya -45 ~ -40 °C Viton GLT type FKM, kambe matirhelo lawa ya FKM ya mahiselo yale henhla aya kahle naswona nxavo wa tika ku endla leswaku makete wu amukeleka. Hiku antswisa matirhelo ya ti binary FKM compounds tinga fikelela swilaveko swaku tiya ka mahiselo yale hansi na yale henhla hi nkarhi wun’we, naswona ntsengo na wona wa ringanerile, wu hundzuke ndzhawu yo hisa ya ndzavisiso.
Phepha leri ri xopaxopa swihlawulekisi swa matirhelo ya mahiselo ya le hansi ya FKM ya Tg, TR10 na mahiselo ya brittleness (Tbri) ya vuxaka exikarhi ka swichudeni swa le ndzhaku ka tidyondzo ta le henhla, vafillers, endlelo ro hlanganisa, na swin’wana eka binary na ternary FKM adhesive ya matirhelo ya brittleness ya mahiselo ya le hansi ya ku lulamisela ku namarhela ka FKM loku lwisanaka na mahiselo ya le hansi ku nyika xikombo!
1. Ku hlawuriwa ka swivumbeko swa FKM swa embrittlement ya mahiselo yale hansi
Raba yina reversible deformation, yinga humesa deformation leyikulu ehansi ka xiendlo xa matimba nyana yale handle, naswona yinga vuyiseriwa eka xiyimo xa yona xosungula endzhaku ko susa matimba yale handle, hikokwalaho yitirhisiwa ngopfu. Kambe loko mahiselo ya hunguteka, ku olova ka rhaba ku ya ku onhaka hakatsongo-tsongo, naswona loko yi fika eka Tg, rhaba yi lahlekeriwa hi ku olova ka yona naswona ya tsandzeka. Hikokwalaho ka switirhisiwa swohambana hambana swa rhaba, eka maendlelo yaku tirhisiwa swinga langutana na ku khumbeka, tension, shear, torsion, extrusion, abrasion, na swin’wana, matirhelo ya yona ya embrittlement ya mahiselo yale hansi yafanele kuva ya seketeriwa eka xiyimo xa yona xo tirha kuva yi hlawula ndlela leyi faneleke ya xikambelo. Maendlelo lawa ya tirhisiwaka ngopfu ya xikambelo xa matirhelo ya embrittlement ya mahiselo yale hansi ya katsa xikambelo xa Tg, xikambelo xa mahiselo ya impact brittleness, xikambelo xa ku tlhelela endzhaku ka mahiselo yale hansi, xikambelo xa torsional rigidity ya mahiselo yale hansi (xikambelo xa Gimen), xikambelo xa ku lwisana na ku ololoka na coefficient ya xirhami, xikambelo xa ku tiya ka mahiselo yale hansi, xikambelo xa ku onhaka ka nkarhi hinkwawo ka ntshikelelo na xikambelo xa ku ntshunxeka ka ntshikelelo wa mahiselo yale hansi, na swin’wana.
Ku tiya ka mahiselo yale hansi ya FKM swinga tiveka hi Tg, Tbri, TR10 na Torsion Temperature eka mahiselo yale hansi (TGem), etc. Ti parameters leti tina tinhlamuselo to hambana kambe tina vuxaka byokarhi na yin’wana.
(1) Tg i mahiselo lawa rhaba yi cincaka ku suka eka xiyimo xa ku olova swinene ku ya eka xiyimo xa nghilazi na xiyimo xa nghilazi ku ya eka xiyimo xa ku olova swinene, leswi hi ntolovelo swi kombisaka ku famba ka microscopic ka tikhetane ta timolekhuli ta rhaba.
(2) Tbri i mahiselo lawa eka wona kunga onhakiki eka rhaba ehansi ka swiyimo leswi boxiweke swa impact force deformation, leswi hi ntolovelo swikombisaka matimba ya rhaba kuva yitirhisiwa eka mahiselo yale hansi xikan’we na vuswikoti bya yona byo tiyisela ku onhaka.
(3) TR10 yi tirhisiwa ku kambela viscoelasticity na crystallization effect ya rhaba eka mahiselo yale hansi, naswona hi ntolovelo yi kombisa mahiselo yale hansi swinene lawa xitirhisiwa xa rhaba xinga hlayisaka ku vuyelela ka xona ka elastic.
(4) TGem yi tirhisa waya wa nsimbi yo torsional leyi nga na torsional constant leyi tivekaka tani hi xitirhisiwa xo kongomisa ku soholota xikombiso hi angle leyikulu, kasi loko mahiselo ya hunguteka, modulus ya rhaba ya tlakuka, rigidity ya tlakuka, naswona angle ya torsion ya hunguteka kufikela laha yi soholotaka hiku olova eka Tg. Torsion angle ya rhaba kuya hi ku cinca ka mahiselo yinga kambela matirhelo ya yona ya mahiselo yale hansi, hi ntolovelo yi kombisa mahiselo yale hansi swinene lawa rhaba yi hlayisaka elasticity ya yona.
2 FKM Tg, TR10 na vuxaka exikarhi ka Tbri
Ti parameters ta matirhelo ya embrittlement ya FKM ya mahiselo yale hansi lawa ya tirhisiwaka ngopfu i Tg, TR10 na Tbri, muphakeri hi ntolovelo u amukela parameter Tg na TR10, ASTM yi amukela parameter Tbri, kuna ku hambana kokarhi na vuxaka exikarhi ka leswi swinharhu.
2. 1 Vuxaka exikarhi ka Tg na TR10
TR10 ya grade yin’wana na yin’wana ya FKM yile kusuhi na Tg (ku hambana aku tlula 3 °C), leswi kombaka leswaku Tg na TR10 swinga kombisa ku famba ka mahiselo yale hansi xikan’we na mahiselo ya xiyimo xa nghilazi ya rubber molecular chain.
2.2 Vuxaka exikarhi ka nhlayo ya fluorine ya FKM na swivumbeko swa embrittlement ya mahiselo yale hansi
Eka FKM ya binary na ternary leyi tolovelekeke, TR10 yi tlakuka loko ku tlakuka nhlayo ya fluorine; loko ku nghenisiwa monomer ya vumune, PMVE,, leswi nga endzeni ka yona swi na nkucetelo lowukulu eka TR10.
Leswi nga endzeni ka yona swi na nkucetelo lowukulu eka TR10. Hambi leswi ku tlakuka ka nhlayo ya fluorine swinga antswisaka mpimo wale henhla wa mahiselo ya matirhiselo ya FKM, kambe hi nkarhi walowo, hikokwalaho ka CF bond yi siva CH bond, leswi hungutaka ku olova ka molecular chain xikan’we na matirhelo ya mahiselo yale hansi ya rhaba.
2.3 Nkucetelo wa ti fillers eka swivumbeko swa embrittlement ya mahiselo yale hansi ya ti compounds ta FKM
Carbon black N774 adhesive yina Tbri yale hansi swinene xikan’we naku tiya swinene eka mahiselo yale hansi; zinc oxide adhesive yina Tbri yale henhla swinene xikan’we naku tiya swinene eka mahiselo yale hansi; matirhelo ya embrittlement ya mahiselo yale hansi ya tinxaka ta ntlhanu ta swinamarheti aswi hambananga ngopfu. Endzhaku ko xopaxopa, endzhaku ko engetela ti fillers to hambana, xivandla na xivumbeko exikarhi ka ti molecular chains ta FKM swihambanile, naswona matirhelo ya embrittlement ya mahiselo yale hansi lawa ya fambelanaka ya hambanile.
Endzhaku ko xopaxopa, endzhaku ko chela ti fillers to hambana, swivandla na swivumbeko exikarhi ka ti molecular chains ta FKM swihambanile, naswona swivumbeko swa embrittlement swa mahiselo yale hansi leswi fambelanaka na swona swihambanile, naswona filler leyingana nhlayo yintsongo ya rhaba yina nhlayo leyikulu ya gel xikan’we naku tiya ka mahiselo yale hansi yo antswa.
2.4 Vuyelo bya endlelo ro hlanganisa eka swivumbeko swa embrittlement ya mahiselo yale hansi ya swihlanganisi swa FKM
Endlelo ro hlanganisa ritlhela riva na mbuyelo eka swivumbeko swa embrittlement ya mahiselo yale hansi ya ti compounds ta FKM. Ku endla plastiki loko kungase hlanganisiwa swinga kuma ku olova ka molecule ya rhaba ku antswa
Ku tiya ka mahiselo yale hansi ya compound swinga antswisiwa hiku endla plasticizing loko kungase hlanganisiwa. Vutshunguri bya Thin pass endzhaku kaloko compound yi pakiwile byinga antswisa swivumbeko swa dispersion swa ti fillers nati compatibilizers, xikan’we naku antswisa ku tiya ka mahiselo yale hansi. Hiku angarhela, loko ku vumbiwa ku leha, Mooney viscosity ya rhaba yiva ehansi. Ku engetela nhlayo ya minkarhi yo vumba swita hunguta Tg ya rhaba, kambe xiendlakalo lexi axiri xa nkoka, naswona akuri na ku hambana lokukulu exikarhi ka Tg na Tbri ya rhaba ya FKM leyingana nhlayo yohambana ya minkarhi yo vumba.
3 Mahetelelo
(1) Tg ya FKM yi le kusuhi na ya TR10, leswi nga kombisaka ku famba ka mahiselo ya le hansi ya FKM molecular chain na mahiselo ya xiyimo xa nghilazi, naswona Tbri yi le hansi ku tlula ya Tg na TR10.
yi le hansi ka Tg na TR10.
(2) Nhundzu ya embrittlement ya mahiselo yale hansi ya peroxide sulfurized high fluorine FKM ya antswa, naswona nhundzu ya embrittlement ya mahiselo yale hansi ya bisphenol binary sulphurized FKM yi bihe ngopfu.
(3) Rhaba ya FKM leyi tatiweke hi khaboni ya ntima N774 yi na ku tiya ko antswa ka mahiselo ya le hansi; rhaba leyingana nhlayo yintsongo ya filler yina nhlayo yale henhla ya gel xikan’we naku tiya ka mahiselo yale hansi ku antswa.
(4) Nhlayo ya minkarhi yo vumba a yi na vuyelo byintsongo eka nhundzu ya embrittlement ya mahiselo ya le hansi ya swihlanganisi swa FKM.
