ʻO ka pōʻino koʻikoʻi o ka fluoroelastomer (FKM) he ʻilihune haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa. ʻO ka mahana hoʻihoʻi haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa (TR10) o ka FKM binary ma ke ʻano maʻamau -18 a -16 ℃, a ʻo ka mahana hoʻololi aniani (Tg) ʻo -20 ℃; ʻoi aku ka ʻilihune o ka pale haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ka ternary FKM ma mua o ka FKM binary. ʻO ke ʻano haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa kūikawā FKM maikaʻi ke kūpaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, akā kiʻekiʻe loa ke kumukūʻai.
FKM ma ka ASTM D 2000-2012 'automotive rubber products standard classification system' of the M2, M5, M6 grade products required to pass the low-temperature embrittlement F15 (-25 ℃) test, M4 grade products required to pass the low-temperature embrittlement F17 (-40 ℃) test. I kēia mau makahiki i hala iho nei, koi ʻia nā huahana FKM e hoʻokō i nā koi o ka pale wela kiʻekiʻe (250-275 ℃) a me ka embrittlement haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa F15 a i ʻole F17. ʻO ke ala maikaʻi loa ʻo ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka FKM haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, e like me ka brittleness wela o -45 ~ -40 ℃ Viton GLT type FKM, akā ʻilihune kēia hana FKM kiʻekiʻe-mehana a paʻakikī ke kumukūʻai e ʻae ʻia ka mākeke. Ma ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka hana o nā pūhui FKM binary hiki i ka manawa like ke hoʻokō i nā koi o ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a me ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ka wela, a ua kūpono hoʻi ke kumukūʻai, ua lilo i wahi wela o ka noiʻi.
Hoʻopili kēia pepa i ke ʻano o ka FKM haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa hana o Tg, TR10 a me ka brittleness wela (Tbri) o ka pilina ma waena o nā haumāna postgraduate, fillers, mixing process, etc.
1. Ke ano o ka FKM haahaa-mehana embrittlement waiwai
Hiki i ka Rubber ke hoʻololi i ka deformation, hiki ke hana i ka deformation nui ma lalo o ka hana a kahi ikaika o waho liʻiliʻi, a hiki ke hoʻihoʻi i kona kūlana mua ma hope o ka wehe ʻana i ka ikaika o waho, no laila ua hoʻohana nui ʻia. Eia naʻe, i ka emi ʻana o ka mahana, e emi mālie ana ka elasticity o ka lāʻau lapaʻau, a hiki i Tg, nalowale ka elasticity a hāʻule. Ma muli o ke ʻano o nā huahana lāʻau lapaʻau, i ke kaʻina o ka hoʻohana ʻana, hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia i ka hopena, ka ʻāʻī, ka ʻāʻī, torsion, extrusion, abrasion, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. ʻO nā ʻano hoʻokolohua haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa embrittlement hoʻohana maʻamau e pili ana i ka hoʻāʻo Tg, ka hopena brittleness wela hoʻāʻo, ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa retraction hōʻike, haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa torsional rigidity ho'āʻo (Gimen ho'āʻo), kū'ē i ke kikoo a me ke anu coefficient ho'āʻo, haʻahaʻa-mehana paʻakikī ho'āʻo, haʻahaʻa-hoʻopiʻi wela deformation mau a me ke kaumaha hoʻomaha ho'āʻo, etc.
Hiki ke hōʻike ʻia ke kūpaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o FKM e Tg, Tbri, TR10 a me Torsion Temperature ma ka wela haʻahaʻa (TGem), etc. He ʻokoʻa nā manaʻo o kēia mau ʻāpana akā he pilina kekahi me kekahi.
(1) ʻO Tg ka mahana e hoʻololi ai ka lāʻau mai ke kūlana elastika loa i ke kūlana aniani a me ke kūlana aniani i ke kūlana elastic loa, kahi e hōʻike pinepine ai i ka neʻe ʻana o ka microscopic o nā kaulahao molekala.
(2) ʻO Tbri ka mahana i hiki ʻole ai ka pōʻino i ka lāʻau ma lalo o nā kūlana i ʻōlelo ʻia o ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka ikaika o ka hopena, e hōʻike pinepine ana i ka ikaika o ka lāʻau no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā wela haʻahaʻa a me kona hiki ke kū i ka pōʻino.
(3) Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo TR10 e loiloi i ka viscoelasticity a me ka hopena crystallization o ka lāʻau i nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, a maʻamau e hōʻike i ka wela haʻahaʻa i hiki ai i kahi mea lāʻau ke mālama i kona hoʻihoʻi elastic.
(4) Hoʻohana ʻo TGem i ka uea kila torsional me ka ʻike mau torsional ma ke ʻano he mea kuhikuhi e wili i ka specimen ma kahi kihi nui, ʻoiai ke emi ʻana o ka mahana, piʻi ka modulus o ka lāʻau, piʻi ka rigidity, a emi ke kihi o ka torsion i kahi e wili ʻole ai ma Tg. Hiki i ke kihi torsion o ka ʻōpala e like me ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka wela ke loiloi i kāna hana haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, e hōʻike pinepine ana i ka wela haʻahaʻa i mālama ʻia ai ka elasticity.
2 FKM Tg, TR10 a me ka pilina ma waena o Tbri
Hoʻohana maʻamau ka FKM haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa embrittlement hana ʻokoʻa ʻo Tg, TR10 a me Tbri, hoʻohana maʻamau ka mea hoʻolako i ka parameter Tg a me TR10, hoʻohana ʻo ASTM i ka parameter Tbri, aia kekahi mau ʻokoʻa a me nā pilina ma waena o kēia mau mea ʻekolu.
2. 1 Ka pilina ma waena o Tg a me TR10
ʻO TR10 o kēlā me kēia papa o FKM kokoke i Tg (ʻaʻole ʻoi aku ka ʻokoʻa ma mua o 3 ℃), e hōʻike ana e hiki iā Tg a me TR10 ke hoʻohālikelike i ka neʻe haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a me ka mahana o ke aniani o ke kaulahao molekala.
2.2 Ka pilina ma waena o ka maʻiʻo fluorine FKM a me nā waiwai embrittlement haʻahaʻa wela
I ka FKM binary a me ka ternary maʻamau, piʻi ka TR10 me ka piʻi ʻana o ka ʻike fluorine; i ka wā e hoʻokomo ʻia ai ka monomer ʻehā, ʻo PMVE, he mana nui kona ʻike ma TR10.
Loaʻa ka mana o kāna ʻike ma TR10. ʻOiai ka piʻi ʻana o ka fluorine maʻiʻo hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka palena kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka mahana o ka FKM, akā i ka manawa like, ma muli o ka hoʻopaʻa CF e pani i ka paʻa CH, e hōʻemi ana i ka palupalu o ke kaulahao mole a me ka hana haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ka lāʻau.
2.3 Ka hopena o nā mea hoʻopiha i nā waiwai embrittlement haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o nā pūhui FKM
ʻO ka paʻa ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele N774 ka Tbri haʻahaʻa a me ke kūpaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa maikaʻi loa; ʻO ka zinc oxide adhesive ka Tbri kiʻekiʻe loa a me ke kūpaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa loa; ʻaʻole ʻokoʻa loa ka hana embrittlement haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o nā ʻano ʻelima. Ma hope o ka nānā ʻana, ma hope o ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā mea hoʻopihapiha like ʻole, ʻokoʻa ka ʻāpana a me ke ʻano ma waena o nā kaulahao mole FKM, a ʻokoʻa ka hana embrittlement haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa.
Ma hope o ka nānā ʻana, ma hope o ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā mea hoʻopihapiha ʻokoʻa, ʻokoʻa nā āpau a me nā hale ma waena o nā kaulahao mole FKM, a ʻokoʻa nā ʻano embrittlement haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa e pili ana, a ʻo ka mea hoʻopihapiha me kahi liʻiliʻi o ka lāʻau i loaʻa i ka ʻike gel nui a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka pale haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa.
2.4 Ka hopena o ke kaʻina hui ʻana i nā waiwai embrittlement haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o nā pūhui FKM
He hopena nō hoʻi ke kaʻina hui ʻana i nā waiwai embrittlement haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o nā pūhui FKM. Hiki ke loa'a ka ma'alahi o ka mole kalapona ma mua o ka hui 'ana
Hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia ke kūpaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ka pūhui ma o ka plasticizing ma mua o ka hui ʻana. Hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hoʻopuehu ʻana o nā mea hoʻopiha a me nā compatibilizer, a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka pale haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa. ʻO ka ʻōlelo maʻamau, ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ka hana ʻana, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka Mooney viscosity o ka ʻōpala. ʻO ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka nui o nā manawa hoʻoheheʻe e hōʻemi i ka Tg o ka lāʻau lapaʻau, akā ʻaʻole koʻikoʻi ka hanana, a ʻaʻohe ʻokoʻa nui ma waena o ka Tg a me Tbri o ka pahu FKM me nā helu ʻokoʻa o nā manawa hana.
3 Ka hopena
(1) Kokoke ka Tg o FKM i ka TR10, hiki ke hoomaopopo i ka nee ana o ka wela haahaa o ke kaulahao mole FKM a me ka mahana aniani moku, a ua emi iho ka Tbri mamua o ko Tg a me TR10.
ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa ma mua o Tg a me TR10.
(2) ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka waiwai embrittlement haʻahaʻa o ka peroxide sulfurized fluorine FKM kiʻekiʻe, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka waiwai embrittlement haʻahaʻa o ka bisphenol binary sulfurized FKM.
(3) ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kūpaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa; ʻO ka lāʻau me ka liʻiliʻi o ka mea hoʻopihapiha he kiʻekiʻe ka ʻike gel a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka pale haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa.
(4) He liʻiliʻi ka hopena o ka helu o nā manawa hoʻoheheʻe i ka waiwai embrittlement haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o nā pūhui FKM.
