Kpɔkplɔyiɖeme

Biabia la, 'woate ŋu awɔ rababa atiwo manɔmee?' ka asi nutome ƒe ŋgɔyiyi, dɔwɔƒewo ƒe nu yeyewo dodo ɖe ŋgɔ, kple ŋutilãmenuwo ƒe nutome ƒe nutome vevi aɖe ŋu. Esi xexeame katã ƒe rababa ƒe didi yi edzi le dzidzim ɖe edzi—si dɔwɔƒewo abe ʋuwo, yamenutomeyimɔ̃, kple nuzazãwo ene le ŋgɔ yim—si nye dzɔdzɔme rababa ƒe dzɔtsoƒe deŋgɔwo, siwo koŋ wokpɔ tso Hevea brasiliensis-ti la me la, dze ŋgɔ ŋkuléle ɖe wo ŋu nyuie wu. Nusiwo ŋu wotsi dzi ɖo le avewo tsɔtsrɔ̃, nugbagbe ƒomevi vovovowo ƒe bu, kple nusi agbenyuinɔnɔ ƒe gɔmesese si rababa wɔwɔ gblẽna le ame ŋu me na didi be woakpɔ teƒe bubuwo. Le agbalẽ sia me la, míeƒo nu tso alesi wòanya wɔ be woawɔ rababa evɔ míaɖo ŋu ɖe atiwo ŋu o, eye míedzro ŋgɔyiyi siwo li fifia le rababa teƒe siwo wowɔ kple atike siwo wotsɔ wɔa atikewoe siwo le dɔwɔƒea ƒe nɔnɔme trɔm vivivi la me.

Trɔtrɔ tso rababa si le dzɔdzɔme nu gbɔ va ɖo rababa si wotsɔ lãnuwo wɔe dzi la gɔmesese bia be woalé ŋku ɖe rababa dɔwɔƒe si wozãna tsã kple mɔ̃ɖaŋununya siwo le dodom siaa ŋu bliboe le rababa wɔwɔ me. To numekuku le ŋgɔyiyi siwo wowɔ le atikewo ƒe rababa me ŋu, si me ami siwo woɖe tso ami me kple atike siwo wotu ɖe bio dzi zazã hã le la, agbalẽ sia ƒe taɖodzinue nye be yeana dɔwɔƒewo abe dɔwɔƒewo, mɔ̃ɖaŋudɔwɔƒe siwo wɔa dɔ kplii, kple mamalawo kple gɔmesesewo le etsɔme nɔnɔmewo ŋu kple ŋusẽ si wòate ŋu akpɔ ɖe nuzazãwo ƒe kɔsɔkɔsɔwo dzi. Gakpe ɖe eŋu la, kadodo ememetɔwo abe . Goma si wotsɔ lãnuwo wɔe ., Rubber Solutions , kple . Woatsɔ rababa ƒe nutovɛwo aɖo aɖaŋutɔe le agbalẽ sia katã me be míagase ŋgɔyiyi siawo gɔme ɖe edzi.

Megbenyawo le rababa wɔwɔ ŋu .

Dzɔdzɔme rababa: ŋutinya me nukpɔsusu aɖe .

Dzɔdzɔme rababa nye dɔwɔƒe ƒe ŋgɔyiyi ƒe dzogoedzikpe tso esime woke ɖe eŋu eye asitsatsa le ƒe alafa 19 lia me. Woɖee tso latex siwo woƒo ƒu tso Hevea brasiliensis tree me koŋ, dzɔdzɔme rababa le dzɔdzɔmenu tɔxɛ siwo na wòle vevie le dɔ vovovowo wɔwɔ me, tso ʋu ƒe tayawo dzi va ɖo atikewɔnuwo dzi. Gake esi amewo ƒe didi nɔ dzidzim ɖe edzi la, nenema kee nye ŋusẽ si rababa-gblewo kpɔna ɖe nutome dzi hã. Wogblɔ be avewo tsɔtsrɔ̃ le agbɔsɔsɔ gã aɖe me be woatsɔ awɔ rababa ƒe agbledeƒewoe do ƒome kple nugbagbe ƒomevi vovovowo ƒe bu kple lãwo ƒe agbenɔnɔ ƒe gbegblẽ ŋutɔ, si na wobia be woawɔ rababa wɔwɔ ƒe mɔnu siwo li ke wu.

Goma si wotsɔ lãnuwo wɔe ƒe dzidziɖedzi .

Goma si wotsɔ lãnuwo wɔe ƒe vava le Xexemeʋa II me nye tɔtrɔ ɖedzesi aɖe le rababa dɔwɔƒea me. Esi wotso dzɔdzɔme rababa ƒe nuzazãwo le anyigba ƒe dunyahehe ƒe teteɖeanyi ta la, nusiwo wotsɔ lãnuwo wɔe va zu nu vevi aɖe. Wowɔe tso amikuƒewo abe styrene-butadiene kple polybutadiene ene me, rababa siwo wowɔ la naa nɔnɔme mawo tɔgbe le dzɔdzɔme rababa ŋu gake woƒe tsitretsitsi ɖe dzoxɔxɔ, ami, kple vuvu ŋu dzina ɖe edzi. Egbea la, rababa si wotsɔ lãnuwo wɔ la xɔ xexeame katã ƒe rababa ƒe 60% kple edzivɔ, si te gbe ɖe eƒe vevienyenye dzi be enye mɔnu bubu si ate ŋu awɔ dɔ.

Togbɔ be viɖewo le eŋu hã la, rababa si wowɔ la menye kuxi manɔmee o. Alesi woɖoa ŋu ɖe dzotsinuwo ŋu hena wo wɔwɔ la nana wotsia dzi ɖe carbon ƒe dodo kple nusiwo li tegbee ŋu. Gawu la, zi geɖe la, dzɔdzɔme rababa ƒe tete kple tenɔnɔ ɖe nɔnɔme sesẽwo nu menɔa rababa siwo wowɔ me o, si wɔnɛ be womegazãnɛ le dɔwɔƒe aɖewo o. Gake numekuku siwo le edzi yim le atikeŋutinunya kple polymer dzɔdzɔmeŋutinunya me le nya siawo gbɔ kpɔm to rababa deŋgɔ siwo wotsɔ lãnuwo wɔe siwo ƒe nɔnɔme nyo ɖe edzi la toto vɛ me.

atike siwo wozãna tsɔ wɔa rababa teƒewo .

Polymer siwo wotu ɖe bio dzi ƒe wɔwɔ .

Mɔ ɖeka si ŋugbe wodo be woawɔ rababa siwo me atiwo mele o enye be woawɔ polymer siwo wotsɔ bio wɔe. Woɖea nu siawo tso nusiwo woate ŋu azã yeyee abe numiemiewo, ƒumegbewo, alo nugbagbevi suesuewo ene me, si naa mɔnu si li tegbee si woate ŋu azã ɖe rababa siwo le dzɔdzɔme nu kple esiwo wotsɔ ami wɔe siaa teƒe. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, woate ŋu awɔ polyisoprene—si nye dzɔdzɔme rababa ƒe wɔwɔme—la fifia to nugbagbevi suesuesuewo ƒe ʋeʋẽ ƒe mɔnu siwo trɔa sukliwo wòzua polymerwo zazã me.

Menye ɖeko polymer siwo wotu ɖe bio-based dzi la ɖea ŋuɖoɖo ɖe dzotsinuwo ŋu dzi kpɔtɔna ko o, ke wonaa viɖe siwo ate ŋu ado tso eme hã le nugbagbewo ƒe nugbegblẽ kple ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedzi ɖe nutome dzi ɖeɖe kpɔtɔ gome. Gake kuxiwo gakpɔtɔ le nuwɔwɔ dzi ɖeɖe kpɔtɔ me be woakpɔ dɔwɔƒewo ƒe didiwo gbɔ eye woakpɔ egbɔ be rababa siwo wotu ɖe bio dzi sɔ kple rababa xoxowo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ƒe nɔnɔmewo. Numekuku kple ŋgɔyiyi ƒe agbagbadzedze siwo le edzi yim la ku ɖe mɔnu siawo ƒe nyonyome ŋu be woawɔ nusiwo woate ŋu aƒle le asi me.

Petrochemical derivatives le rababa wɔwɔ me .

Petrochemical derivatives yi edzi le akpa vevi aɖe wɔm le rababa siwo wotsɔ lãnuwo wɔe wɔwɔ me. Wozãa nusiwo nye ethylene-propylene-diene monomer (EPDM), styrene-butadiene rababa (SBR), kple nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) le dɔwɔƒe siwo tso ʋuwo wɔwɔ dzi va ɖo nuƒlelawo ƒe adzɔnuwo dzi. Wodea asixɔxɔ rababa siawo siwo wotsɔ lãnuwo wɔe ŋu le esi wonɔa anyi didina, woƒe tsitretsitsi ɖe nɔnɔme sesẽwo ŋu, kple gazazã nyuie ta.

Gake womate ŋu aŋe aɖaba aƒu nusiwo nutome ƒe rababa siwo wotsɔ ami wɔe dzi o. Mɔ̃memi siwo woɖena tso tomenu bubuwo me la ɖeɖe kple wo ŋudɔwɔwɔ kpena ɖe ya si gblẽa nu le anyigba ŋu kple ɖiƒoƒo bubu siwo le nutome ŋu. Tsɔ kpe ɖe eŋu la, rababa siwo woɖe tso petrochemical me la megblẽna le nugbagbewo ŋu o, si wɔnɛ be wotsia dzi ɖe gbeɖuɖɔwo zazã kple ɖiƒoƒo ŋu. Esi wòle alea ta la, amewo va le ɖe tsɔm le mɔnu bubu siwo li ke wu siwo meɖea asi le dɔwɔwɔ alo gazazã ŋu o la toto vɛ me geɖe wu.

Nu yeyewo le polymer dzɔdzɔmeŋutinunya me .

Ŋgɔyiyi siwo wowɔ le polymer dzɔdzɔmeŋutinunya me le nu yeyewo dodo ɖe ŋgɔ le atike yeye ƒomevi siwo ate ŋu axɔ ɖe dzɔdzɔme rababa teƒe la toto vɛ me. Nusi dzi woate ŋu alé ŋku ɖo dometɔ ɖekae nye block copolymers—polymers siwo wotsɔ monomers vovovo eve alo esi wu nenema wɔ siwo woɖo ɖe blocks me—siwo naa nɔnɔme siwo wodina tso akpa ɖesiaɖe me ƒe ƒuƒoƒo.

Le kpɔɖeŋu me, thermoplastic elastomer (TPEs) ƒoa rababa ƒe elasticity kple plastic ƒe dɔwɔwɔ nu ƒu, si wɔe be wosɔ na dɔ vovovowo wɔwɔ. Tsɔ kpe ɖe eŋu la, numekuku le nanocomposites—nu siwo dea nanoscale fillers me ɖe polymers me—ɖee fia be ŋugbedodo le mɔ̃ɖaŋununya ƒe nɔnɔmewo dodo ɖe ŋgɔ me le rababa siwo wotsɔ lãnuwo wɔe me esime wole woƒe ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedzi ɖe nutome dzi dzi ɖem kpɔtɔ.

Nutoa me ŋu bubu .

Kuxi siwo li be woanɔ anyi ɖaa le rababa wɔwɔ me .

Esi xexeame katã ƒe sidzedze le nutomenyawo ŋu le dzidzim ɖe edzi la, wova le ŋku lém ɖe rababa wɔwɔ ƒe anyinɔnɔ ŋu nyuie wu. Dzɔdzɔme rababa wɔwɔ tso blema ke do ƒome kple avewo tsɔtsrɔ̃, nugbagbe ƒomevi vovovowo ƒe bu, kple hadomekuxiwo abe anyigba ƒe nyaʋiʋliwo kple dɔwɔlawo ƒe nɔnɔme madeamedziwo le dukɔ siwo wɔa wo me. Le go bubu me la, rababa wɔwɔ nɔa te ɖe dzotsinuwo dzi vevie, si wɔnɛ be ya si woyɔna be carbon dona kple nutome ƒe gbegblẽ.

Be woakpɔ kuxi siawo gbɔ la, dɔwɔƒea ƒe akpa siwo kpɔa gome le eme la le mɔnu vovovo siwo dzi woato ana rababa wɔwɔ ƒe ŋgɔyiyi nanyo ɖe edzi la me dzrom. Esiawo dometɔ aɖewoe nye agbledede ƒe nuwɔnawo ƒe nyonyo le dzɔdzɔme rababa agblewo me, to rababa wɔwɔ ƒe mɔnu siwo wɔa dɔ nyuie wu vɛ, kple gadede numekuku me le mɔnu bubu siwo wotu ɖe nugbagbewo dzi ŋu.

Agbemeɣeyiɣiwo me Dzodzro (LCA) si le rababa ƒe nuwɔna ŋu .

Agbenɔɣi ƒe Dzodzro (LCA) nye dɔwɔnu vevi aɖe si woatsɔ akpɔ ŋusẽ si rababa ƒe nuwɔna kpɔna ɖe nutome dzi le woƒe agbenɔɣi bliboa me—tso nusiwo wotsɔ wɔa nuawoe dzi va ɖo nusiwo wotsɔ ƒua gbe alo wo gbugbɔgawɔ dzi. To nusiwo nye ŋusẽzazã, ya si gblẽa nu le anyigba ŋu ƒe dodo, tsizazã, kple gbeɖuɖɔwo wɔwɔ me dzodzro me la, LCA naa nukpɔsusu blibo le nutome ƒe afɔɖoƒe si le rababa ƒomevi vovovowo ŋu.

Nyitsɔ laa LCA siwo tsɔ dzɔdzɔme kple nuwɔwɔ ƒe rababawo sɔ kple wo nɔewo la te gbe ɖe asitsatsa siwo wowɔna le ƒomevi ɖeka tiatia ɖe bubu dzi me dzi. Togbɔ be dzɔdzɔme rababa ate ŋu akpɔ carbon footprint si bɔbɔ ɖe anyi le eƒe gɔmedzedze yeye ta hã la, zi geɖe la, edo ƒome kple tsizazã geɖe wu kple anyigba ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ƒe ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedzi le agbledede ƒe agbledede ƒe nuwɔnawo ta. Le go bubu me la, rababa siwo wotsɔ lãnuwo wɔe ate ŋu ana ya si woyɔna be carbon nado le wo me le mɔ̃memi si wozãna le tomemi me ta gake womehiã anyigba kple tsidzɔƒewo boo o.

Etsɔme si me woawɔ rababa le atiwo manɔmee .

Mɔ̃ɖaŋununya siwo le dodom .

Goma wɔwɔ ƒe etsɔme si me atiwo mele o la le mɔ̃ɖaŋununya yeyewo ƒe ŋgɔyiyi kple asitsatsa si yi edzi si ana mɔnu bubu siwo li ke na dzɔdzɔme kple ami siwo wotsɔ wɔa amii siaa la ƒe asitsatsa me. Mɔ̃ɖaŋununya siawo dometɔ aɖewoe nye nugbagbeŋutinunya ƒe mɔnu siwo wɔnɛ be woate ŋu awɔ polyisoprene—si nye dzɔdzɔme rababa ƒe akpa vevitɔ—zã nugbagbevi suesuewo abe dɔlékuiwo alo amɔwɔʋãnu ene.

Nu bubu si ŋugbe wodoe nye be woazã nuɖuɖu yeyewo abe numiemiewo ƒe amiwo alo agblemenukuwo ƒe gbeɖuɖɔwo ene atsɔ awɔ elastomers siwo wotu ɖe bio dzi kple nɔnɔme siwo sɔ kple rababa xoxowo tɔ. Tsɔ kpe ɖe eŋu la, ŋgɔyiyi siwo wowɔ le atikewo gbugbɔgazã me ate ŋu aʋu mɔ na mɔ̃ siwo wotu ɖe wo nɔewo ŋu siwo me womãa rababa siwo wozãna la ɖe woƒe monomers siwo wowɔ me eye wogbugbɔa wo ɖea nu yeyewo me.

Asitsatsa ƒe gɔmesesewo na dɔwɔƒe siwo kpɔa gome le eme .

Le dɔwɔƒea ƒe akpa siwo kpɔa gome le eme—siwo dome dɔwɔƒewo, mɔ̃ɖaŋudɔwɔƒe siwo wɔa dɔ kplii, kple amesiwo maa wo le—la gome la, tɔtrɔ ɖe rababa wɔwɔ si me atiwo mele o ŋu hea kuxiwo kple mɔnukpɔkpɔwo siaa vɛ. Le go ɖeka me la, tɔtrɔ ɖe nu yeyewo ŋu ate ŋu abia be woade ga geɖe numekuku kple ŋgɔyiyi me eye woatrɔ asi le tɔtrɔwɔwɔ le adzɔnuwo wɔwɔ ƒe mɔnu siwo li fifia ŋu. Le go bubu me la, mɔnu bubu siwo li tegbee xɔxɔ ate ŋu ana hoʋiʋli ƒe ŋutete nasu amewo si to nuƒlelawo ƒe didi si le dzidzim ɖe edzi gbɔ kpɔkpɔ me ɖe nusiwo ŋu nutome mele o ŋu.

Gawu la, anɔ eme be ɖoɖowɔwɔ ƒe nyaƒoɖeamenuwo adzi ɖe edzi ne dziɖuɖu siwo le xexeame godoo le nutome ƒe dzidzenu siwo sesẽ wu zãm siwo ƒe taɖodzinue nye be woaɖe ya si woyɔna be carbon ƒe dodo dzi akpɔtɔ eye woado nusiwo anɔ anyi ɖaa ɖe ŋgɔ le dɔwɔƒewo me—siwo dometɔ aɖewoe nye esiwo ɖo ŋu ɖe . Rubber si womeɖa o . Ne dɔwɔƒewo nɔ ŋgɔ na nɔnɔme siawo to mɔ̃ɖaŋununya kple nu yeyewo zazã do ŋgɔ me la, woate ŋu aɖo wo ɖokui ɖe teƒe aɖe hena dzidzedzekpɔkpɔ ɣeyiɣi didi le asi si le tɔtrɔm me.

Nyanuwuwuw

Biabia 'woate ŋu awɔ rababa atiwo manɔmee?' menye nukpɔsusu me numekuku dzro aɖe ko o ke boŋ enye kuxi kpata si biaa egbɔkpɔnu yeyewo tso dɔwɔƒea ƒe akpa vovovowo—tso nusiwo ŋu dzɔdzɔmeŋutinunyalawo to polymers yeyewo vɛ dzi va ɖo wo wɔlawo gbugbɔ bu woƒe nuzazãwo ƒe kɔsɔkɔsɔwo ŋu hena nusiwo li tegbee wu. Togbɔ be wowɔ ŋgɔyiyi gã aɖe le mɔnu bubuwo abe rababa siwo wowɔ siwo woɖe tso amikuƒewo alo atike siwo wotu ɖe bio dzi siwo wowɔ to nugbagbevi suewo ƒe ʋeʋẽ ƒe mɔnuwo dzi me hã la—dɔ geɖe gakpɔtɔ li hafi míava xɔ mí le agbɔsɔsɔ gã me le dɔwɔƒewo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ me.

Gake mlɔeba la—esi numekukuwo yi edzi le ŋgɔ yim ɖo ta nɔnɔme siwo li ke wu abe atike alo lã ƒuƒu siwo wotsɔ ƒoa ƒu ɖe wo nɔewo ŋu ene—ŋu la—ŋutete si li be woaɖo tiatiawɔblɔɖe siwo me wogblẽa nu le nutoa me ŋutɔŋutɔ gbɔ evɔ womatsɔ dɔwɔwɔ ƒe dzidzenu siwo nuwuwu zãlawo le mɔ kpɔm na le xexeame katã la asa vɔe egbea o! Edze ƒã hã be amesiwo xɔ tɔtrɔ siawo kaba la akpɔe be yewole ɖoƒe nyuitɔ le hoʋiʋli me le ɖoɖowɔwɔ ƒe nɔnɔme siwo le sesẽm ɖe edzi le xexeame katã le ŋgɔ yim le xexeame katã dome – vevietɔ le nuƒlelawo ƒe didi si le dzidzim ɖe edzi kpe ɖe dziɖuɖu ƒe sededewo ŋu si le tutum ɖe teƒe siwo amagbewo bɔ ɖo wu gbe sia gbe fifia la, edze abe edze ene! Le amesiwo le mɔ̃ɖaŋununya yeye siwo ƒo xlã nyati sia me dzrom yi ŋgɔe gome—alo didi be woawɔ adzɔnuwo ƒe kuxiwo gbɔ kpɔnu tɔxɛ siwo sɔ ɖe wo nu—la, kpɔ egbɔ be yewokpɔ akpa siwo sɔ siwo li to kadodo siawo siwo wona le afisia me siwo dometɔ aɖewoe nye esiwo dometɔ aɖewoe nye . Raw-Rubber ƒe kuxiwo gbɔ kpɔnu ., Dɔbiagbalẽviwo koŋ ƒe nunɔamesiwo kpe ɖe nyati bubu siwo do ƒome kplii siwo wokpɔ le míaƒe adzɔnuwo ƒe hatsotso siwo me kɔ la ƒe xexlẽdzesi me le Internet dzi egbea hã!