Uyini Umehluko Phakathi Kwerabha Yemvelo kanye Nerabha Yokwenziwa?

Isingeniso

Irabha, into ebaluleke kakhulu ezimbonini zesimanje, ihlukaniswa ngokuyinhloko ngezinhlobo ezimbili: irabha yemvelo kanye nerabha yokwenziwa. Lezi zinhlobonhlobo ezimbili zisebenzisa izinhlobonhlobo zezinhlelo zokusebenza, kusukela kumathayi ezimoto kuya kumishini yezokwelapha, ngenxa yezakhiwo zabo ezihlukile. Ukuqonda umehluko phakathi kwenjoloba yemvelo neyokwenziwa kubalulekile ekukhetheni into efanele yezinhlelo zokusebenza ezithile.

Ukunyuka kwe Irabha yokwenziwa iye yashintsha izimboni ngokunikeza ezinye izindlela zenjoloba yemvelo, ikakhulukazi ezimeni lapho ukulinganiselwa kwenjoloba yemvelo, njengokungenwa kalula ukuguga nezimo zemvelo, kuba sobala. Lesi sihloko sidingida umehluko phakathi kwalezi zinhlobo ezimbili zenjoloba, ihlola umsuka wazo, izakhiwo, ukusetshenziswa, nomthelela wemvelo.

Irabha Yemvelo: Imvelaphi Nezakhiwo

Umsuka Werabha Yemvelo

Irabha yemvelo isuselwa ku-latex yezihlahla zenjoloba, ngokuyinhloko i-Hevea brasiliensis. Le latex iwuketshezi olunobisi oludlula uchungechunge lwezinqubo, okuhlanganisa ukujiya nokomisa, ukuze kukhiqizwe injoloba eluhlaza. Ukutshalwa kwezihlahla zenjoloba kugxile ezindaweni ezishisayo, kanti amazwe afana neThailand, i-Indonesia, neMalaysia angabakhiqizi abakhulu kakhulu.

Izakhiwo Zerabha Yemvelo

Injoloba yemvelo idume ngokunwebeka kwayo okuhle kakhulu, amandla aqinile aqinile, nokumelana nokuguga. Iphinde ibonise izakhiwo ezinhle zokuvikela ugesi futhi isebenza kahle ezindaweni ezinezinga lokushisa eliphansi. Nokho, inokulinganiselwa, njengokungamelani kahle nokushisa, ukukhanya, ne-ozone, okungaholela ekulimaleni ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Irabha Yokwenziwa: Ukuqamba Okusha Kwesimanje

Ukuthuthukiswa Kwerabha Yokwenziwa

Irabha yokwenziwa yathuthukiswa njengempendulo yokulinganiselwa kwenjoloba yemvelo kanye nesidingo sempahla eguquguqukayo. Irabha yokuqala yokwenziwa, eyaziwa ngokuthi i-Buna, yadalwa ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20. Kusukela lapho, ukuthuthuka kwe-polymer chemistry kuholele ekuthuthukisweni kwezinhlobo ezahlukene zenjoloba yokwenziwa, okuhlanganisa irabha ye-styrene-butadiene (SBR), irabha ye-nitrile (NBR), ne-ethylene-propylene-diene monomer (EPDM).

Izakhiwo Zerabha Yokwenziwa

Irabha yokwenziwa inikezela ngezinzuzo ezimbalwa kunenjoloba yemvelo, njengokuthuthuka kokumelana nokushisa, amakhemikhali, nokuguga. Ingalungiswa ukuze ihlangabezane nezidingo ezithile ngokushintsha ukwakheka kwayo kwamakhemikhali. Isibonelo, i-EPDM imelana kakhulu nesimo sezulu ne-ozone, okuyenza ilungele ukusetshenziswa kwangaphandle, kuyilapho i-NBR yaziwa ngokumelana kwayo nowoyela okuhle kakhulu.

Ukuhlaziywa Okuqhathanisayo: Irabha Yemvelo vs

Ukusebenza Ezinhlelweni Ezihlukahlukene

Irabha yemvelo isetshenziswa kakhulu ezinhlelweni ezidinga ukunwebeka okuphezulu namandla aqinile, njengamathayi ezimoto, amabhande okuthutha, nezicathulo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, irabha yokwenziwa ikhethwa ezindaweni lapho ukumelana nezinga lokushisa elidlulele, amakhemikhali, noma ukuguga kubalulekile. Isibonelo, i-SBR ivame ukusetshenziswa kumathayi emoto, kuyilapho irabha ye-silicone isetshenziswa emishinini yezokwelapha nasezigxivizweni.

Umthelela Wezemvelo

Ukukhiqizwa kwenjoloba yemvelo kunendawo ebalulekile yemvelo ngenxa yokugawulwa kwamahlathi kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali emasimini enjoloba. Irabha yokwenziwa, ngenkathi yehlisa ukuncika emithonjeni yemvelo, itholakala emikhiqizweni esekelwe ku-petroleum, ephakamisa ukukhathazeka mayelana nokukhishwa kwekhabhoni kanye nokungaboli kwezinto eziphilayo. Imizamo iyenziwa yokuthuthukisa ezinye izindlela ezisimeme, njengerabha yokwenziwa esekelwe ku-bio.

Isiphetho

Sengiphetha, ukukhetha phakathi kwerabha yemvelo neyokwenziwa kuncike ezidingweni ezithile zohlelo lokusebenza. Nakuba irabha yemvelo idlula ukunwebeka namandla aqinile, irabha yokwenziwa inikeza ukumelana okuphezulu nezinto ezithinta imvelo namakhemikhali. Intuthuko eqhubekayo kubuchwepheshe benjoloba iyaqhubeka nokwandisa amathuba azo zombili izinhlobo zenjoloba, iqinisekisa ukuhambisana kwazo ezimbonini ezihlukahlukene.

Kulabo abanentshisekelo yokuhlola izinhlobo ezahlukene zerabha yokwenziwa kanye nezicelo zabo, vakashela irabha yokwenziwa ukuze uthole imininingwane enemininingwane.