Embonini yezimboni kaphethiloli kanye namakhemikhali, isidingo sezinto ezithembekile nezihlala isikhathi eside zibaluleke kakhulu. Ngena I-FluoRoalastomers , isigaba senjoloba sokwenziwa esiphenduke isamba esibalulekile ezisetshenzisweni ezahlukahlukene kulezi zimboni. Kepha yini ngempela ama-fluorooelastomers futhi kungani athola ukuthandwa okunjalo?
I-FluoRoalastomers uhlobo lwe-elastomer olubonisa ukumelana okuhlukile kokushisa, amakhemikhali, kanye nezimo zezulu ezingeqile. Zenziwa ngokuhlanganiswa kwama-fluoropolymers nama-elastomers, okuholela ekusetshenzisweni okubonakalayo okungamelana nezimo ezinokhahlo namakhemikhali anolaka kalula. Izakhiwo zabo ezihlukile zizenza zilungele ukusetshenziswa ezimpasheni, ama-gaskets, o-rings, nezinye izinto ezibucayi emishini yokusebenza kwamakhemikhali.
Ukusetshenziswa kwama-fluorooelastomers ku-petroleum kanye nezimboni zamakhemikhali zinkulu futhi zihlukahlukene. Kusuka ekuhlaziyweni kwamafutha ezitshalweni zamakhemikhali, ama-fluorooelastomers adlala indima ebalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuphepha nokwethenjwa kwemisebenzi. Zivame ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zokubopha uphawu, lapho zinikeza khona ukumelana okuhle kwamakhemikhali awonakalisayo, amazinga okushisa aphezulu, kanye nengcindezi. Ngokwengeziwe, ama-fluorooelastomers asetshenziswa kushubhu, ama-hoses, kanye nezinto zokwakha, enikeza ukumelana okuphezulu kumakhemikhali ahlukahlukene kanye namafutha.
Enye yezinzuzo ezibalulekile zama-fluorooelastomers kwezinye izinto ukumelana kwazo okuhlukile kwamakhemikhali. Bangakwazi ukubekezelela ukuvezwa kwezinto ezinolaka njengama-acid, ama-solvents, kanye namafutha, ngaphandle kokuthola ukuwohloka noma ukulahleka kokusebenza. Lokhu kubenza babe ukukhetha okuhle kwezicelo lapho ukuhambisana kwamakhemikhali kubalulekile.
Kodwa-ke, ama-fluorooelastomers awakho ngaphandle kwezinselelo zawo kanye nemikhawulo. Ngenkathi zidlula ezindaweni eziningi, zingabiza kakhulu uma ziqhathaniswa namanye ama-lastomers. Izindleko zabo eziphakeme zingabangelwa inqubo eyinkimbinkimbi yokukhiqiza kanye nezithako ezikhethekile ezisetshenziswe ekwakhekeni kwazo. Ngokwengeziwe, ama-fluorooelastomers kungenzeka angalungele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga ukuguquguquka kwezinga lokushisa okuphansi, ngoba zithambekele ekuqineni futhi zilahlekelwe yi-elastictity ezimweni ezibandayo kakhulu.
Kulesi sihloko, sizokwehla sijule ezweni lama-fluorooelastomers, sihlola izakhiwo zawo, izinhlelo zokusebenza, izinzuzo, kanye nezinselelo kanye nemikhawulo abayethula. Ngokuqonda indima yama-fluorooelastomers ezimbonini zamaphethiloli nasemakhemikhali, ochwepheshe kanye nabenzi bezinqumo bangenza izinqumo ezinolwazi uma kuziwa ekukhetheni izinto ezifanele kakhulu ngezidingo zabo ezithile.
Ayini ama-fluorooelastomers?
I-Fluoloelastomers, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-FKM (Fluorocarbon) ama-elastomers, uhlobo lokwakheka kwerabha olunikeza ukumelana okuhlukile kokushisa, amakhemikhali, namanzi ahlukahlukene. Lawa ma-lastomers asetshenziswa kabanzi ezimbonini lapho kudingeka khona izingodo zokusebenza okuphezulu nama-gaskets, njengezimoto, i-aerospace, kanye nokusebenza kwamakhemikhali.
Enye yezinto ezibalulekile zama-fluorooelastomers yikhono labo lokumelana namazinga okushisa aphezulu. Bangasebenza kahle emazingeni okushisa asukela ku-30 ° C kuya ku-250 ° C (-22 ° F kuya ku-482 ° F), abenze balungele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezibandakanya ukushisa okuphezulu nezindawo ezinokhahlo. Lokhu kumelana nokushisa okumangalisayo kuvumela ama-fluorooelastomers ukuba alondoloze amakhono awo wokubekwa uphawu futhi avikele ukuvuza noma ngaphansi kwezimo ezimbi kakhulu.
Enye into ephawuleka yama-fluorooelastomers ukumelana kwawo kwamakhemikhali. Bangakwazi ukubekezelela ukuvezwa kwamakhemikhali anhlobonhlobo, kufaka phakathi ama-acid, izisekelo, amafutha, izixazululo namafutha. Lokhu kumelana kwamakhemikhali kwenza ama-fluorooelastomers abe yinketho ekhethwayo yezimpawu zamaphepha kanye nama-gaskets ezimbonini lapho ukuxhumana nolunye uketshezi olunolaka kuvamile.
Ngaphezu kokushisa kwabo nokumelana kwamakhemikhali, ama-fluorooelastomers abonisa nokumelana okuhlukile kokuguga nokuwohloka. Banempilo yenkonzo ende futhi bakwazi ukubekezelela ukuvezwa isikhathi eside kwemisebe ye-UV, ozone, kanye nesimo sezulu ngaphandle kokuwohloka. Lokhu kuqina kuvumela ama-fluorooelastomers ukuthi alondoloze ukusebenza kwawo kokubekwa uphawu esikhathini eseluliwe, anciphise isidingo sokufakwa kabusha kwezidingo futhi anciphise isikhathi sokuphumula.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-fluorooelastomers anikela ngokumelana okuhleliwe okuhleliwe, okusho ukuthi bangakwazi ukugcina ukwakheka kwabo kwasekuqaleni nokubopha uphawu ngisho nangemva kokucindezelwa isikhathi eside. Lesi sici sibalulekile ukuthola izinhlelo zokusebenza lapho i-elastomer ihlala ingaphansi kwengcindezi, iqinisekisa uphawu oluthembekile futhi olungenalutho.
Izicelo zama-fluoroolastomers ku-petroleum nasezimbonini zamakhemikhali
Ama-Fluorooelastomers afakazele ukuthi abaluleke kakhulu kwizimboni ze-petroleum nasemakhemikhali ngenxa yezakhiwo zazo ezihlukile kanye nokumelana nezimo ezinzima. Lezi zinto eziguquguqukayo zithole izinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi, ziqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle nokuphepha kwezinqubo ezahlukahlukene kulezi zimboni.
Uhlelo lokusebenza oluvelele lwama-fluoroolastomers lusezinhlelweni zokubopha uphawu. Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali okuyingqayizivele kwe-fluorooelastomers kuyabavumela ukuba babekezelele amazinga okushisa aphezulu, amakhemikhali anolaka, nezingcindezi eziphakeme. Lokhu kubenza balungele ukusetshenziswa kuma-gaskets, o-izindandatho, nezinye izinto zokubopha ezibalulekile ekuvikeleni ukuvuza nokugcina ubuqotho bemishini nezinhlelo. Ngokusebenzisa ama-fluorooelastomers, izimboni zingaqinisekisa ukuthembeka nokuphila isikhathi eside kwezinhlelo zabo zokubopha uphawu, kunciphisa ubungozi bezingozi ezibizayo nezingozi zezemvelo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-fluorooelastomers aqashwa kabanzi ekukhiqizweni nasekusingatheni kwemikhiqizo yamakhemikhali kanye namakhemikhali. Lawa ma-elastomers ahamba phambili ezindaweni ezilimazayo, abenze basebenze kahle kumaphampu, ama-valves, nama-piping systems. Ukumelana kwabo nama-solvents, ama-fuel, ama-acid, nezinye izinto ezinolaka kuqinisekisa ukuthuthwa okubushelelezi nokusebenzayo koketshezi namakhemikhali. Ukumelana kwamakhemikhali okuhlukile kwama-fluorooelastomers kunomthelela ekuvinjelweni kokuvuza, ukungcoliswa, kanye nokuhluleka kwemishini, okuqinisekisa ukuphepha kanye nekhwalithi yemikhiqizo ecutshungulwayo noma yenziwa.
Ngaphezu kokumelana kwabo kwamakhemikhali, ama-fluoloolastomers abuye abonisa nokumelana okuhle kakhulu kokushisa. Le mpahla ibenze bagxilise kuzinhlelo zokusebenza lapho kuhlangana khona namazinga okushisa aphezulu, njengokucwengwa kukaphethiloli noma ukukhiqizwa kwamakhemikhali. Ama-Fluorooelastomers angamelana namazinga okushisa kahle ngaphezulu kwama-degree angama-200 ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa yimishini yawo noma eyonakalise. Leli ndla livumela izimboni ukuthi zisebenze emazingeni okushisa aphakeme, ngcono inqubo yokusebenza kanye nokukhiqiza.
Izici ezihlukile zama-fluoloolastomers nazo zinwebeka ekumelaneni kwazo nokuguga nokuwohloka. Lezi zinto zokwenziwa zinempilo yenkonzo ende, noma ngabe zivezwa ezindaweni ezinokhahlo ngenxa yezikhathi ezeluliwe. Lokhu kuqina kuqinisekisa ubusuku obude bemishini futhi kunciphise isidingo sokufakwa kabusha kwezidingo, okuholela ekugcinweni kwezindleko zezimboni.
Izinzuzo zama-fluorooelastomers kwezinye izinto
I-FluoRoalastomers, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-FKM, uhlobo lohlobo lokwenziwa olunikeza izinzuzo eziningi ngaphezu kwezinye izinto. Lezi zinhlaka ezihlukile zithole ukuthandwa kuyo yonke imboni ehlukahlukene ngenxa yezakhiwo zazo ezihlukile kanye nokusebenza kwezindawo ezifunwayo.
Enye yezinzuzo ezibalulekile zama-fluorooelastomers iyindlela yazo enhle kakhulu kumakhemikhali namazinga okushisa aphezulu. Ngokungafani nezinye izinto, ama-fluorooelastomers angamelana namakhemikhali ahlukahlukene awonakalisayo, kufaka phakathi ama-acid, amafutha kanye nama-solvents. Lokhu kubenza balungele kakhulu izinhlelo zokusebenza kwizimboni zezimoto, ze-aerospace, kanye nezimboni zamakhemikhali.
Ngaphezu kokumelana kwabo kwamakhemikhali, ama-fluorooelastomers akhombisa ukuqina okumangalisayo okushisayo. Bangakwazi ukugcina ubuqotho babo nokusebenza kwabo ngisho nasekushiseni okuphezulu, kudlula amakhono ama-elastomers ajwayelekile. Lokhu kubenza balungele ukusetshenziswa ezimpasheni, ama-gaskets, kanye nama-o-rings kuzinhlelo zokusebenza lapho ukuvezwa khona kungukukhathazeka khona.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-fluorooelastomers anezakhiwo ezikhethekile zemishini, kufaka phakathi amandla aphezulu ashubile nokumelana nezinyembezi. Lokhu kubenza bakwazi ukubekezelela izindawo ezinolaka nokuphatha okunzima, ukuqinisekisa ukuqina nokuphila isikhathi eside. Ukuqina kwabo ekucindezelweni kusethwe, noma amandla okululama ngemuva kokucindezelwa, futhi ubabeka ngaphandle kwezinye izinto.
Enye inzuzo yama-fluorooelastomers yi-permeability yabo ephansi yegesi. Le mpahla ibenze babe ukukhetha okuhle kwezicelo zokubopha uphawu lapho ukuvimbela ukuvuza igesi noma ukufutheka kwamanzi kubalulekile. Izimboni ezinjengamafutha negesi, amakhamishini, nokusebenza kokudla okuthembela kuma-fluorooelastomers ukugcina ubuqotho bezinhlelo zabo futhi kuqinisekise ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-fluorooelastomers anikela ngokumelana kahle ne-ozone, isimo sezulu, kanye nemisebe ye-UV. Lokhu kubenza balungele izinhlelo zokusebenza zangaphandle ezivezwa izimo ezinokhahlo kwezemvelo. Ukumelana kwabo nokonakaliswa kuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuhlala isikhathi eside futhi kunciphisa izindleko zokulungisa.
Izinselelo kanye Nokulinganiselwa Kwe-FluoRoAlastomers
I-Fluoloelastomers , eyaziwa nangokuthi i-FKM, ngezinto zokwenziwa zerabha ezifana nerabha ezinokumelana kahle nokushisa, amakhemikhali kanye namafutha. Lezi zakhiwo ezihlukile zenza ama-fluoroolastomers afiseleka kakhulu ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi izimoto, i-aerospe, kanye nokukhiqiza amakhemikhali. Kodwa-ke, naphezu kwezinzuzo eziningi, ama-fluoloolastomers nawo eza nesabelo sawo esifanelekile kanye nemikhawulo.
Enye yezinselelo ezinkulu zama-fluorooelastomers yizindleko zabo eziphakeme. Qhathanisa namanye ama-lastomers, njenge-nitrile ruble noma i-silicone, ama-fluoroolastomers abiza kakhulu ukukhiqiza. Lokhu kungenxa yenqubo eyinkimbinkimbi yokukhiqiza kanye nokushoda kwezinto zokusetshenziswa okuluhlaza. Ngenxa yalokho, ama-fluorooelastomers kungenzeka angabi inketho ebonakalayo yezicelo ezibucayi.
Omunye umkhawulo wama-fluorooelastomers ukuguquguquka kwabo okulinganiselwe okulinganiselwe. Ngenkathi lezi zinto zokwenziwa zibonisa ukumelana kahle namazinga okushisa aphezulu, zivame ukuba zilukhuni futhi zilahlekelwe ukunwebeka kwazo emazingeni okushisa aphansi kakhulu. Lokhu kungaba ukubuyela emuva okubalulekile ezimbonini lapho ukusebenza kwamazinga okushisa okuphansi kubalulekile, njengokuqandisisa noma izinhlelo ze-crygenic.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-fluorooelastomers anezinyembezi ezimpofu nokumelana nokuphikiswa kwe-abrasion uma kuqhathaniswa namanye ama-lastomers. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kungenzeka bangamelana nokugqoka okunzima nokudwengula noma amabutho anolaka. Kuzinhlelo zokusebenza lapho okuqukethwe kufakwa khona ekushayweni okungapheli noma umthelela, amanye ama-elastomers anokumelana okungcono angafaneleka kakhulu.
Ngokwengeziwe, ama-fluorooelastomers angaba inselelo yokucubungula nokubumba. I-viscosity yabo ephezulu kanye nokugeleza okuphansi kwenza kube nzima ukufezekisa ukwakheka okuyinkimbinkimbi noma izingxenye ezidonswe ngodonga. Lokhu kungabeka umkhawulo ezimbonini ezidinga ukwakheka okuyinkimbinkimbi noma okwenziwe ngezifiso, njengemikhakha ye-elekthronikhi noma yezokwelapha.
Naphezu kwalezi zinselelo nemikhawulo, ama-fluorooelastomers ahlala ekhethwayo ethandwayo ngezicelo eziningi ngenxa yokuqina kwawo okuhlukile okushisayo kanye nokuphikiswa kwamakhemikhali. Zisetshenziswa kabanzi ezimanzini, ama-gaskets, o-amasongo, nezinye izinto zokubopha ezidinga ukuthembeka nokuqina ezindaweni ezinokhahlo.
Ukugcina
I-FluoRoAlastomers iyinto ehlukahlukene futhi ethembekile yezicelo zokubopha uphawu ezimbonini ezidinga ama-lastomers asebenza kakhulu. Banikeza ukumelana nokushisa okuhlukile, ukumelana kwamakhemikhali, ukuqina, kanye nokumelana nokuvuselelwa, okwenza balungele izindawo ezifunwayo. Badlala indima ebalulekile kwizimboni ze-petroleum nasemakhemikhali, bahlinzeka ngokumelana kwamakhemikhali, ukumelana nokushisa, nokuqina ezinhlelweni zokubopha, izinqubo zokukhiqiza, nezinhlelo zokuhamba. I-FluoRoAlastomers ihlinzeka ngezinzuzo eziningi ngaphezu kwezinye izinto, kufaka phakathi ukumelana okuphezulu kumakhemikhali kanye namazinga okushisa aphezulu, izakhiwo ezikhethekile zemishini, ukumelana okuphansi, kanye nokumelana ne-ozone kanye nesimo sezulu. Kodwa-ke, nabo beza nezinselelo kanye nemikhawulo efana nezindleko eziphakeme, ukuguquguquka okulinganiselwe okulinganiselwe, ukuhlukunyezwa okumpofu kanye nokumelana nobunzima, nobunzima ekusebenzeni nasekubumbeni nasekubumbeni nasekubumbeni nasekubumbeni nasekubumbeni nasekubumbeni nasekubumbeni nasekubumbeni nasekubumbeni nasekubumbeni nasekubumbeni nasekubumbeni nasekubumbeni nasekubumbeni nasekubumbeni nasekubumbeni nasekubumbeni nasekubumbeni nasekubumbeni nasekubumbeni nasekubumbeni nasekubumbeni nasekubumbeni nasekubumbeni nasekubumbeni. Izimboni zidinga ukucubungula lezi zinto ngokucophelela lapho zikhetha i-elastomer efanelekile ngezicelo zazo ezithile.
