Intangiriro
Rubber, ibikoresho bitandukanye bikoreshwa cyane mu nganda, bigenda byogusaza bisanzwe bishobora kugira ingaruka nziza kumikorere no mubikorwa. Iki kintu ni ingenzi kubyumva, kuko bigira ingaruka ku buryo burambye no ku mikorere y'ibicuruzwa bya reberi mu bikorwa kuva ku binyabiziga kugeza mu kirere. Inzira yo gusaza iterwa nibintu bitandukanye, harimo ibidukikije, imiterere yimiti, hamwe nihungabana ryimashini. Mugucengera muburyo bukomeye bwo gusaza kwa reberi, turashobora gushyiraho ingamba zo kugabanya ingaruka zabyo no kuzamura kuramba. Kubushakashatsi bwimbitse bwibikoresho bitandukanye bya reberi, sura Rubber.
Gusobanukirwa Gusaza
Imihindagurikire yimiti nu mubiri
Gusaza kwa reberi kurangwa no guhindura imiti ndetse no kumubiri. Mu buryo bwa shimi, okiside, hydrolysis, hamwe no guhuza ni ibintu bisanzwe bihindura imiterere ya molekile. Izi mpinduka zirashobora kuganisha ku gukomera, guturika, cyangwa gutakaza elastique. Mu buryo bw'umubiri, ibikoresho bishobora kwerekana kwangirika hejuru, guhinduka amabara, no kugabanya imbaraga zingana. Gusobanukirwa izi mpinduka ningirakamaro mu guhanura igihe cyibicuruzwa bya reberi no gushushanya ibikoresho birwanya gusaza.
Ibidukikije
Ibidukikije bigira uruhare runini mugusaza ka rubber. Guhura n'imirasire ya ultraviolet (UV), ozone, n'ubushyuhe bwinshi byihutisha inzira yo kwangirika. Imirasire ya UV isenya iminyururu ya polymer, iganisha ku guturika hejuru no gukomera. Ozone, gaze ikora cyane, yibasira imigozi ibiri muri reberi, bigatuma ibice bivamo imihangayiko. Ubushyuhe bwo hejuru burashobora gukaza izo ngaruka mukongera umuvuduko wimiti. Kugira ngo duhangane n’izi mbogamizi, abayikora akenshi binjiza stabilisateur na antioxydants mu gukora reberi.
Imyitozo ya mashini
Guhangayikishwa na mashini, harimo kurambura, kwikuramo, no gukuramo, bigira uruhare mu gusaza kwa reberi. Gusubiramo inshuro nyinshi birashobora gutera umunaniro, biganisha kuri micro-crack no gutsindwa amaherezo. Imikoranire hagati yubukanishi nibintu bidukikije, nka ozone ihura, byihutisha gusaza. Ba injeniyeri bagomba gusuzuma ibi bintu mugihe bashushanya ibikoresho bya reberi kugirango babisabe, nk'ipine yimodoka hamwe na kashe yinganda.
Ingamba zo Kugabanya Gusaza
Guhitamo Ibikoresho
Guhitamo ubwoko bwiza bwa reberi ningirakamaro kugirango ugabanye ingaruka zo gusaza. Ibikoresho bya sintetike, nka Ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) na fluoroelastomers, bitanga imbaraga zo kurwanya ibidukikije ugereranije na reberi karemano. Ibi bikoresho bikunze gukoreshwa mubisabwa bisaba kuramba cyane no kurwanya imiti. Kubindi bisobanuro kuri byinshi bya EPDM, shakisha Rubber.
Inyongeramusaruro hamwe na stabilisateur
Kwinjiza inyongeramusaruro hamwe na stabilisateur muburyo bwa reberi birashobora kongera imbaraga zo kurwanya gusaza. Antioxydants irinda kwangirika kwa okiside itesha agaciro radicals yubuntu, mugihe stabilisateur UV ikurura imirase yangiza. Uzuza, nka karubone umukara na silika, bitezimbere imiterere yubukanishi no kugabanya ingaruka ziterwa nibidukikije. Izi nyongeramusaruro zijyanye na porogaramu zihariye kugirango tunoze imikorere no kuramba.
Kurinda
Gukoresha impuzu zo gukingira nizindi ngamba zifatika zo kugabanya gusaza kwa rubber. Ipitingi ikora nk'inzitizi zirwanya imirasire ya UV, ozone, hamwe n’imiti, byongerera igihe ubuzima. Silicone ishingiye kuri silicone, kurugero, ikoreshwa cyane mubikorwa byimodoka nindege zo mu kirere kugirango birusheho guhangana nikirere kandi biramba. Iyi myenda ifite akamaro kanini kubikoresho bya reberi bigaragaramo ibidukikije bikaze.
Inyigo hamwe na Porogaramu
Inganda zitwara ibinyabiziga
Inganda zitwara ibinyabiziga zishingiye cyane kuri reberi kubice nka pine, kashe, na hose. Rubber idashobora gusaza, nka EPDM na fluoroelastomers, ikoreshwa muburyo bwo kuramba no gukora. Kurugero, EPDM itoneshwa kubera kurwanya cyane ubushyuhe, ozone, nikirere, bigatuma biba byiza kashe yimodoka na gasketi. Kugira ngo umenye byinshi kubyerekeye porogaramu ya EPDM, sura Rubber.
Ikirere
Mu kirere, icyogajuru kigomba kwihanganira ibihe bikabije, harimo ubutumburuke buri hejuru, ihindagurika ry'ubushyuhe, hamwe na ozone. Fluoroelastomers ikoreshwa cyane muruganda kubera kurwanya bidasanzwe gusaza no kwangirika kwimiti. Ibi bikoresho ni ngombwa kuri kashe, gasketi, hamwe na hose mu ndege no mu cyogajuru, birinda umutekano no kwizerwa.
Imashini zinganda
Rubber nibikoresho byingenzi mumashini yinganda, aho ikoreshwa kumukandara, ingofero, hamwe na vibrasiyo. Inzira yo gusaza irashobora guhungabanya imikorere yibi bice, biganisha ku kunanirwa kw'ibikoresho no ku gihe. Muguhitamo reberi idashobora gusaza no gushyiramo ingamba zo gukingira, abayikora barashobora kongera ubwizerwe nubushobozi bwimashini zinganda.
Umwanzuro
Gusaza kwa reberi nikintu kitoroshye cyatewe nubumara, umubiri, nibidukikije. Gusobanukirwa ubwo buryo ni ngombwa mugutegura ingamba zo kuzamura ibikoresho biramba. Muguhitamo ibikoresho bikwiye, gushiramo inyongeramusaruro, no gukoresha impuzu zirinda, ababikora barashobora kugabanya ingaruka zo gusaza no kongera igihe cyibicuruzwa bya reberi. Kubindi bisobanuro kumiterere ya reberi nibisabwa, shakisha Rubber.
