Ukuthuthukiswa kwezinhlanganisela zenjoloba ze-HNBR zezinhlelo zokusebenza eziguqukayo zezinga eliphezulu lokushisa

Irabha ye-nitrile ene-Hydrogenated (HNBR) isetshenziswa ikakhulukazi ezinhlelweni ezidinga izakhiwo eziguquguqukayo zokushisa eziphakeme neziphansi kanye nokumelana nokuguga okuhle, ngemva kokuvuvukala emafutheni nasemanzini Ngemva kokuvuvukala emafutheni nasemanzini, i-HNBR isetshenziswa kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni okudinga izakhiwo ezinamandla eziphakeme emazingeni okushisa aphezulu naphansi kanye nokumelana nokuguga okuhle. Izicelo ezijwayelekile ezidinga lezi zakhiwo amabhande esikhathi, amapayipi okucindezela okukhulu namaroli wephepha. Imikhiqizo yenjoloba esetshenzisiwe ingaphansi kwezimo eziguqukayo ezinzima kakhulu futhi ivamise ukwehlelwa yizinto ezishaqisayo ngebanga elibanzi lokushisa namaza. Ukuhlolwa okuvamile okusetshenziselwa ukubonisa izici eziguquguqukayo zezinto ngokuvamile kwenziwa ekamelweni lokushisa.

Nakuba lezi zivivinyo zingabonakalisa izinto ezingagcwalisiwe kahle, izilinganiso kumazinga okushisa azungezile azibonisi imiphumela yezinga lokushisa ekusebenzelaneni kwe-filler-monomer. ukusebenzisana kwe-filler kanye ne-filler-polymer kanye nomthelela wabo ezintweni ezibonakalayo emazingeni okushisa aphezulu kakhulu. Kuma-polymers aklanyelwe ngqo izinhlelo zokusebenza zokushisa okuphezulu, ukuqonda umphumela wokushisa kuzakhiwo zobuchwepheshe bezinto ezibonakalayo kuyadingeka ukuze kusetshenziswe kahle inhlanganisela.

Kuleli phepha, umthelela wezinga lokushisa ezindaweni zobuchwepheshe zamarabha agcwalisiwe uyaphenywa, kugxilwe ohlotsheni lwesigcwalisi, umthamo waso, kanye nokusebenzisana kwesigcwalisi nge-HNBR kanye ne-hydrogenated carboxylated nitrile butadiene rubber (HXNBR) polymers.

Ngale njongo, leli phepha liqhathanisa ukuqinisa (N330) nokungaqinisi (N990) amakhabhoni amnyama ne-silica (VulcasilN). Ingaphezulu le-silica lingashintshwa kokubili ngokungenzi lutho (i-filler surface hydrophobic) futhi ngenkuthalo (i-filler surface hydrophobic futhi ihlanganiswe ne-polymer). Inani elandayo lamakhompiyutha liphinde lisebenzise izigcwalisi ze-monomeric, njenge-zinc diacrylate (ZAD), engenziwa i-polymerized in situ ngesikhathi se-vulcanization ukuze kuthuthukiswe izakhiwo zezinto ezibonakalayo. Lawa 'mafayili' amasha kanye nokusebenzisana kwawo ne-polymer matrix akukakacutshungulwa ngokwezinga lokushisa kanye nezakhiwo ezincike kumafrikhwensi. 'Ama-filler' amasha kanye nokusebenzisana kwawo ne-polymer matrix akukacutshungulwa ngokwezinga lokushisa kanye nezakhiwo ezincike kwimvamisa.

Ngokusekelwe kuzakhiwo zemishini nezishintshashintshayo zezinhlanganisela ze-HNBR ezivundile nezingavuzwanga, izigcwalisi ezihlukahlukene (i-carbon black, silica ne-ZDA) zahlaziywa ukuze zigcwaliswe. kanye ne-ZDA) okugcwaliswe amarabha ajwayelekile e-HNBR kanye ne-HXNBR kwahlaziywa ngokuphathelene nokuncika kwezinga lokushisa kwezakhiwo eziqinisayo.

Ukuncipha kwe-modulus ngezinga lokushisa elikhulayo lawo wonke amarabha angavulwanga (ngaphandle kwesistimu egcwele i-silica) kuwumphumela wokuncika kwezinga lokushisa kwe-viscosity ye-polymer matrix. Uhlobo nenani lokugcwalisa kusibophezelo linquma kuphela izinga lokuqiniswa futhi alinawo umthelela ekuncipheni kwezinga lokushisa kumoduli yokuhlanganisa.

Kuzinto zokunamathela ezigcwele i-silica, ukuhlangana kwezinhlayiya ze-silica kunquma ukuziphatha okuncike kuzinga lokushisa. Uma indawo ye-silica iphathwa ngokwelashwa kwe-silica alkane ukuze kuzuzwe i-hydrophobicity, ukuhlangana kwezinhlayiya ze-silica kuyavinjelwa. Ema-amplitudes amakhulu e-deformation, ukuqiniswa kwawo wonke ama-carbon black and silica-filled compounds kungachazwa njengokuqiniswa kwe-hydrodynamic kuphela.

Uma i-ZDA isetshenziswa njengesigcwalisi, awukho umthelela wokuqinisa obonwa kuzinhlanganisela zenjoloba ezingavulwanga ngenxa yokuthi i-ZDA ayikafakwa i-polymerized futhi isebenza kuphela njengepulasitiki ye-molecular mass ehlobene. Izinhlanganisela eziqukethe i-ZDA zazinama-viscosity aphansi kuzo zonke izinhlobo, okubonisa izakhiwo ezinhle zokucubungula.

Ukuqhathaniswa kwezinto eziguquguqukayo zemishini kanye nezakhiwo ze-stress-on-strain zenjoloba ene-vulcanized kubonise ukuthi inhlanganisela yenjoloba ye-HXNBR egcwele i-ZDA yayinamandla amakhulu ahambisanayo kanye nezakhiwo eziphezulu zokugcina zemishini (ukucindezeleka nokwelula ngesikhathi sekhefu) kwehle ngokunyuka kwezinga lokushisa kuzo zonke izibophezelo. Ukusebenzisana okuqinile phakathi kwendawo yokugcwalisa kanye ne-polymer matrix kuthuthukisa umphumela wamazinga okushisa ezicini eziqinisayo. Nakuba ukusebenzisana kwe-ionic phakathi kwamaqembu e-carboxyl e-ZDA ne-HXNBR kwandisa ingcindezi yokuphuka, lokhu kusebenzisana kwe-ionic akuzange kube nomthelela ekuncikeni kwezinga lokushisa lengcindezi yokuphuka. Lokhu kuphakamisa ukuthi ukusebenzisana kwe-ionic okuzinzile ngomshini phakathi kwe-ZDA kanye ne-functionalized polymer matrix (HXNBR) kuyimfuneko yezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zemishini nezishintshayo zento yerabha enokulahleka kwe-hysteresis ephansi ngaphansi kwezimo zokuguquguquka okuguquguqukayo.