Haidrɔlik-mɔ̃wo wɔa akpa vevi aɖe le dɔwɔƒe vovovowo me, tso adzɔnuwo wɔwɔ dzi va ɖo xɔtutu dzi. Kuxi vevi siwo le ɖoɖo siawo me dometɔ ɖekae nye be woanɔ te ɖe nyaƒoɖeamenu gã aɖe nu. Be woakpɔ nya sia gbɔ la, mɔ̃ɖaŋudɔwɔlawo trɔ ɖe nu tɔxɛ aɖe si woyɔna be hydrogenated nitrile butadiene rababa (HNBR). Le nyati sia me la, míadzro HNBR ƒe nutete ƒe ŋutete tɔxɛ siwo le HNBR me kple eƒe vevienyenye le hadrolik pɔmpiwo kple nutrenuwo me.

Gbã la, míaku nu me le nyaƒoɖeamenu ƒe nukpɔsusu si le hadrolik-mɔ̃wo me ŋu. Nyaƒoɖeamenu ƒe nɔnɔme gɔmesese le vevie ŋutɔ le nusiwo wobia tso wo si le tsi ƒe akpa aɖewo kple woƒe ŋutete be woanɔ te ɖe enu la gɔmesese me. Eyome, míadzro alesi HNBR te ŋu nɔa te ɖe nutete nu nyuie si ɖe dzesi ŋutɔ la me. Nɔnɔme tɔxɛ siwo nana wòte ŋu léa eƒe fɔmaɖimaɖi me ɖe asi le nyaƒoɖeamenu sesẽwo gɔ̃ hã me la le rababa sia si wowɔ la si.

Gakpe ɖe eŋu la, míadzro viɖe siwo le HNBR zazã me le hadrolik pɔmpiwo kple nutrenuwo me ŋu. Tso eƒe tsitretsitsi nyuie ɖe ami, dzoxɔxɔ, kple abrasion ŋu dzi va ɖo eƒe ŋutete be wòalé nutrenu ƒe dɔwɔwɔ me ɖe asi le ɣeyiɣi didi aɖe me dzi la, HNBR ɖee fia be enye tiatia si ŋu kakaɖedzi le na tsi ƒe dɔwɔwɔ. Míadzro dɔwɔƒe kple akpa vovovo siwo ate ŋu akpɔ viɖe tso HNBR dede woƒe hadrolik ɖoɖowo me hã me.

Mlɔeba la, eɖoɖo nyuie kple edzikpɔkpɔ le vevie ŋutɔ be HNBR hadrolik ƒe akpawo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ kple woƒe agbenɔƒe didi nadzi ɖe edzi. Míana aɖaŋuɖoɖo veviwo kple mɔfiamewo be míakpɔ egbɔ be wowɔ ɖoɖo nyuiwo ɖe wo ɖoɖo kple wo dzi kpɔkpɔ ŋu be woatsɔ awɔ HNBR-mɔ̃ siwo wotu ɖe HNBR dzi ƒe dɔwɔwɔ nyuie wu eye woanɔ anyi eteƒe nadidi nyuie wu.

Le blibo me la, nyati sia ƒe taɖodzinue nye be yeana kekeli naklẽ ɖe HNBR ƒe nutete ƒe ŋutete tɔxɛ siwo le HNBR kple akpa vevi si wòwɔna le tsi ƒe pɔmpiwo kple nutrenuwo me ŋu. To HNBR ƒe viɖewo kple eŋudɔwɔwɔwo gɔmesese me la, dɔwɔƒewo ate ŋu awɔ nyametsotso siwo ŋu wonya nu tsoe be woatsɔ ado woƒe hadrolik ɖoɖowo ƒe kakaɖedzi kple dɔwɔwɔ ɖe ŋgɔ.

Nyaƒoɖeamenu gɔmesese le tsi ƒe ɖoɖowo me .

Haidrɔlik-mɔ̃wo wɔa akpa vevi aɖe le dɔwɔƒe vovovowo me, tso ʋuwo dzi va ɖo xɔtutu dzi. Nuɖoanyi siawo nɔa te ɖe ŋusẽ si tsi siwo wozi ɖe ame dzi dona be woatsɔ aɖo ŋusẽ kple mɔ̃ siwo dzi wòalé wo ɖo la dzi. Gake be woase tsi ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ƒe dɔwɔwɔ gɔme bliboe la, ele vevie be woase nyaƒoɖeamenu ƒe nukpɔsusu gɔme.

Nyaƒoɖeamenu, le tsi ƒe ɖoɖowo gome la, fia ŋusẽ si wozãna ɖe tsi aɖe ŋu le teƒe ɖeka. Ele vevie ŋutɔ be woalé nyaƒoɖeamenu ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ nyuitɔ me ɖe asi le hadrolik-mɔ̃ aɖe me be woakpɔ egbɔ be wowɔ dɔ nyuie wu eye woaxe mɔ ɖe nusiwo ate ŋu agblẽ nu le wo ŋu la nu. Nu vevi ɖeka si kpena ɖe nyaƒoɖeamenu si wodi ŋu be wòalé nutrenu siwo wozãna ƒe nyonyome me ɖe asi.

Nutrenu ɖeka si wozãna zi geɖe le hadrolik-mɔ̃wo me enye HNBR (hydrogenated nitrile butadiene rababa). HNBR nye elastomer si wowɔ si wonya be etsia tre ɖe dzoxɔxɔ, ami, kple atikewo ŋu nyuie. Eƒe nɔnɔme tɔxɛwo na wònye tiatia nyui aɖe na hadrolik nutrenuwo, gasket, kple O-rings. Nu siawo le vevie ŋutɔ le mɔxexe ɖe tsi ƒe sisi nu kple nyaƒoɖeamenu ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ si hiã me léle ɖe asi me le ɖoɖoa me.

Ne míeƒo nu tso nyaƒoɖeamenuwo dzi kpɔkpɔ le hadrolik ɖoɖowo me ŋu la, nukpɔsusu si nye nyaƒoɖeamenu ƒe kpekpeɖeŋunamɔ̃wo hã gɔmesese le vevie ŋutɔ. Wotrɔ asi le ʋuƒo siawo ŋu be woatsɔ aɖɔ nyaƒoɖeamenua ɖo to mɔɖeɖe na tsi si sɔ gbɔ ɖe ɖoɖoa me be wòato ɖoɖoa ŋu me. To tsi si sɔ gbɔ la ƒe tɔtrɔ me la, nyaƒoɖeamenu ƒe kpekpeɖeŋunamɔ̃wo xea mɔ na nusiwo ate ŋu agblẽ le eŋu si ate ŋu adzɔ le nyaƒoɖeamenu si gbɔ eme ta.

Nyaƒoɖeamenu ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ dzi kpɔkpɔ nyuie kple ŋkuléle ɖe eŋu le hadrolik-mɔ̃wo me le vevie ŋutɔ na woƒe dɔwɔwɔ nyuie. Dzodzro edziedzi kple ŋkuléle ɖe nu ɖesiaɖe si do le ɖoɖoa me ŋu ate ŋu akpe ɖe ame ŋu be woade dzesi nya siwo ate ŋu ado mo ɖa ahaɖɔ wo ɖo hafi woadzi ɖe edzi. Tsɔ kpe ɖe eŋu la, egbɔkpɔkpɔ be tsi si wozãna le tsi me si wozãna la ƒe ʋeʋẽ lilili sɔ eye wòwɔ ɖe amesi wɔe ƒe nɔnɔmewo dzi la le vevie ŋutɔ be wòawɔ dɔ nyuie wu.

HNBR ƒe nutete ƒe tsitretsitsi gã .

HNBR, si wogayɔna be nitrile butadiene rababa si me hydrogen le la nye nusi woate ŋu azã le mɔ vovovowo nu si naa tsitretsitsi ɖe nutete ŋu etɔxɛe. Nɔnɔme tɔxɛ sia na wònye tiatia si wodi wu le dɔwɔƒe vovovo siwo me wobiaa nutrenu kple gasket zazã le.

Viɖe vevi siwo le HNBR ŋu dometɔ ɖekae nye ŋutete si le esi be wòanɔ te ɖe nutete ƒe ŋusẽ gãwo nu evɔ mabu eƒe blibonyenye o. Nɔnɔme sia le vevie ŋutɔ le dɔwɔwɔ siwo me wotsɔa nuawo dea nyaƒoɖeamenu sesẽ me, abe hadrolik-mɔ̃wo, ʋu ƒe mɔ̃wo, kple dɔwɔƒewo ƒe mɔ̃wo ene me. HNBR ƒe nutete ƒe tsitretsitsi gã la kpɔa egbɔ be nutrenuwo kple gasketwo gakpɔtɔ le nenema, si xea mɔ na tsi ƒe sisi alo dɔwɔwɔ ƒe bublu ɖesiaɖe.

Woate ŋu agblɔ be HNBR ƒe nutete ƒe tsitretsitsi tɔxɛa tso eƒe molecule ƒe wɔwɔme gbɔ. Hydrogenation ƒe dɔwɔwɔa tsɔa haidrodzin atɔmwo kpena ɖe polymer kɔsɔkɔsɔa ŋu, si wɔnɛ be dzoxɔxɔ, atikewo, kple ozone ƒe dodo ɖe lãme na ame te ŋu nɔa te ɖe gbegblẽ nu wu. Esia wɔnɛ be nusi ate ŋu anɔ te ɖe dɔwɔƒe vovovowo ƒe nɔnɔme siwo bia nu geɖe nu la nɔa anyi, si ana be dɔwɔwɔ kple kakaɖedzi nanɔ anyi ɣeyiɣi didi.

Tsɔ kpe ɖe eƒe tsitretsitsi ɖe nutete ŋu ŋutɔ ŋu la, HNBR hã ɖea tsitretsitsi nyuie ɖe ami, ami, kple atike sesẽ bubuwo ŋu fiana. Nɔnɔme sia na wòsɔ na zazã le nuto siwo me nu mawo tɔgbe me nɔnɔ nye nusi womate ŋu aƒo asa na o me. Nua ƒe ŋutete be wòalé eƒe fɔmaɖimaɖi me ɖe asi ne tsi siwo me wowɔa nu sesẽwo le gɔ̃ hã gadzi eƒe nu lédziname ɖe edzi le dɔwɔƒewo abe ʋu, ami kple gas, kple ewɔwɔ me.

Gawu la, HNBR naa dzoxɔxɔ ƒe didime si woate ŋu azã le dɔwɔwɔ me le mɔ gbadza nu, si wɔe be wòsɔ na dɔ siwo wowɔna le yame ƒe dzoxɔxɔ gã kple esiwo me dzoxɔxɔ mele o siaa. Eƒe ŋutete be wòanɔ te ɖe dzoxɔxɔ si gbɔ eme nu evɔ womagblẽ nu le eƒe nutete ƒe tsitretsitsi ŋu o la na wònye tiatia nyui aɖe na egbɔkpɔnuwo nutrenu le dɔwɔƒe vovovowo me.

Viɖe siwo le HNBR ŋu le hadrolik pɔmpiwo kple nutrenuwo me .

HNBR, si tsi tre ɖi na nitrile butadiene rababa si me hydrogen le la nye nusi xɔ ŋkɔ ŋutɔ le tsidɔwɔƒea. Esi wònye be HNBR ƒe nɔnɔme tɔxɛwo kple viɖewo le eŋu ta la, wozãnɛ geɖe le tsi ƒe pɔmpiwo kple nutrenuwo wɔwɔ me. Le nyati sia me la, míadzro viɖe vovovo siwo le HNBR ŋu me kple nusita wònye tiatia si wodi wu na hadrolik zazã.

Viɖe vevi siwo le HNBR ŋu dometɔ ɖekae nye eƒe tsitretsitsi nyuie ɖe tsi vovovowo ŋu, siwo dometɔ aɖewoe nye tsi siwo me tsi le, ami, kple dzotsinuwo. Esia na wònye nu nyui aɖe na tsidowo kple nutrenu siwo me tsi le, elabena enaa dɔwɔwɔ nɔa anyi didi eye kakaɖedzi le eŋu le dɔwɔwɔ ƒe nɔnɔme sesẽwo gɔ̃ hã me. Le HNBR me la, afɔku si le tsi si le dodom kple tsi ƒe ɖiƒoƒo me dzi ɖena kpɔtɔna ŋutɔ, si wɔnɛ be ɖoɖoa ƒe dɔwɔwɔ nyuie wu kple beléle na wo ƒe gazazãwo dzi ɖena kpɔtɔna.

Viɖe ɖedzesi bubu si le HNBR ŋue nye eƒe dzoxɔxɔ ƒe tsitretsitsi tɔxɛ. Zi geɖe la, tsi ƒe ɖoɖowo wɔa dɔ le dzoxɔxɔ si gbɔ eme me, eye ŋutete si le HNBR si be wòanɔ te ɖe dzoxɔxɔ si nu sẽ kple esi bɔbɔ siaa nu la na wònye tiatia si ŋu kakaɖedzi le. Eɖanye dzoxɔxɔ si le dzo dam alo vuvɔ si le tsikpe me o, HNBR léa eƒe asitɔtrɔ kple nutrenu ƒe nɔnɔmewo me ɖe asi, si naa wokpɔa egbɔ be tsi ƒe ɖoɖowo wɔa dɔ nyuie wu.

Gakpe ɖe eŋu la, HNBR ɖea tsitretsitsi nyuie ɖe abrasion, vuvu, kple aɖatsi ŋu fiana. Wotsɔa tsi kple nutrenu siwo me tsi le kple mɔ̃wo ƒe nuteɖeamedzi nɔa tsidowo kple nutrenuwo ŋu ɣesiaɣi, si ate ŋu ana woado kpo nu kaba. Gake HNBR ƒe sesẽ kple eƒe anyinɔnɔ ɖaa na be mete ŋu nɔa te ɖe abrasion nu ŋutɔ o, si wɔnɛ be subɔsubɔdɔa nɔa anyi didi eye wòɖea alesi wòhiã be woaɖɔli wo enuenu dzi kpɔtɔna.

Tsɔ kpe ɖe eƒe nɔnɔme ŋutɔŋutɔwo ŋu la, wonya HNBR hã be etsia tre ɖe atikewo kple ozone ŋu. Eɖea atike vovovowo ƒe tsitretsitsi nyuie fiana, siwo dometɔ aɖewoe nye acid, alkali, kple atike siwo wotsɔna tsia lãme na ame. Atikewo ƒe tsitretsitsi sia kpɔa egbɔ be HNBR hadrolik pɔmpiwo kple nutrenuwo mekpɔ ŋusẽ ɖe nusiwo gblẽa nu le wo ŋu dzi o, si gadzi woƒe agbenɔƒe didi kple kakaɖedzi ɖe edzi. Gawu la, HNBR ƒe tsitretsitsi ɖe ozone ŋu xea mɔ na nusi wotsɔ wɔa nu la be wòagagbã alo agblẽ ne wodo go le nutoa me o, si wɔnɛ be wòwɔa dɔ ɣesiaɣi le ɣeyiɣi aɖe megbe.

Gakpe ɖe eŋu la, wonya HNBR be ewɔ ɖeka kple tsi vovovo siwo me tsi le, siwo dometɔ aɖewoe nye ami siwo wowɔ kple ami. Nu vovovowo wɔwɔ sia ɖea mɔ be woate ŋu atrɔ ɖe nɔnɔmewo ŋu geɖe wu le tsi ƒe ɖoɖo ƒe ɖoɖowɔwɔ kple dɔwɔwɔ me, elabena woate ŋu azã HNBR le dɔ vovovowo me evɔ womagblẽ dɔwɔwɔ me o.

HNBR zazã le hadrolik-mɔ̃wo me .

HNBR, si wogayɔna be nitrile butadiene rababa si me hydrogen le la nye nusi woate ŋu azã le mɔ vovovowo nu si kpɔa dɔ geɖe le hadrolik-mɔ̃wo me. Esi HNBR te ŋu nɔa te ɖe ami, dzoxɔxɔ, kple atikewo nu nyuie ta la, eva zu tiatia si wodina wu na dɔwɔƒe vovovowo.

HNBR zazã vevi ɖeka le hadrolik-mɔ̃wo me dometɔ ɖekae nye le nutrenuwo kple gasket wɔwɔ me. Seals wɔa akpa vevi aɖe le mɔxexe ɖe tsi si le dodom nu kple egbɔkpɔkpɔ be tsi ƒe dɔwɔwɔwo le dɔ wɔm nyuie me. HNBR ƒe nutrenuwo naa tsi siwo me tsi le la te ŋu nɔa te ɖe enu etɔxɛe, si wɔe be wosɔ nyuie na zazã le nɔnɔme siwo me tsi sina tona me. Nua ƒe ŋutete be wòanɔ te ɖe dzoxɔxɔ si nu sẽ kple dɔwɔwɔ ƒe nɔnɔme sesẽwo nu gadzi eƒe kakaɖedzi kple eƒe anyinɔnɔ ɖe edzi.

HNBR zazã ɖedzesi bubu le hadrolik-mɔ̃wo mee nye O-Rings wɔwɔ. Wozãa O-rings geɖe le hadrolik-mɔ̃wo me tsɔ wɔa nutrenu si me kɔ nyuie le ƒoƒo ƒe akpa eve dome, si xea mɔ na tsi ƒe sisi. HNBR O-rings ɖea nutrenu ƒe nɔnɔme siwo de ŋgɔ wu fiana le woƒe atike kple dzoxɔxɔ ƒe tsitretsitsi nyuie ta. O-ring siawo ate ŋu anɔ te ɖe nɔnɔme siwo bia nu geɖe le tsi ƒe ɖoɖowo me nu nyuie, si ana be woawɔ dɔ nyuie eye woaɖe ɣeyiɣi si woatsɔ awɔ dɔe dzi akpɔtɔ.

Gakpe ɖe eŋu la, wozãa HNBR geɖe le hadrolik hoses wɔwɔ me. Hydraulic hoses nye nu vevi siwo naa hadrolik ŋusẽ le akpa vovovowo dome le hadrolik-mɔ̃ me. HNBR ƒe tsitretsitsi ɖe ami kple atikewo ŋu na wònye tiatia nyui aɖe na hadrolik hoses, si naa woƒe agbenɔƒe didi eye kakaɖedzi nɔa wo ŋu. Tsɔ kpe ɖe eŋu la, nusi wotsɔ wɔe ƒe ŋusẽ si nu sẽ kple alesi wòte ŋu trɔna ɖe nɔnɔmewo ŋui la ɖea mɔ na tsi ƒe ŋusẽ ƒe tɔtrɔ nyuie, si kpena ɖe ɖoɖoa ƒe dɔwɔwɔ bliboa ŋu.

Tsɔ kpe ɖe nutrenuwo, gasket, O-rings, kple hoses ŋu la, wozãa HNBR hã le hadrolik nutrenuwo, diaphragms, kple akpa bubuwo wɔwɔ me. Eƒe nɔnɔme tɔxɛwo na wòsɔ nyuie na dɔ siwo me woate ŋu akpɔ tsi sesẽwo, nyaƒoɖeamenu sesẽwo, kple dzoxɔxɔ si gbɔ eme le.

HNBR ƒe hadrolik-nuawo ɖoɖo nyuie kple wo dzi kpɔkpɔ .

HNBR ƒe hadrolik-nuawo ɖoɖo nyuie kple wo dzi kpɔkpɔ .

HNBR, si wogayɔna be nitrile butadiene rababa si me hydrogen le la nye nusi woate ŋu azã le mɔ vovovowo nu le tsi ƒe ɖoɖowo me. Eƒe nɔnɔme tɔxɛwo na wònye tiatia nyui aɖe na dɔ vovovowo wɔwɔ, siwo dometɔ aɖewoe nye nutrenu kple gasketing. Gake be woakpɔ egbɔ be HNBR hadrolik ƒe akpa aɖewo wɔa dɔ nyuie wu eye woanɔ anyi eteƒe nadidi la, wo dede nyuie kple wo dzadzraɖo edziedzi le vevie ŋutɔ.

Ne míeƒo nu tso eɖoɖo ŋu la, ele be woabu nu vevi ʋɛ aɖewo ŋu. Gbã la, dzadzɛnyenye le vevie ŋutɔ. Ðiƒoƒo ɖesiaɖe si anɔ anyi le eɖoɖo ƒe ɖoɖoa me ate ŋu agblẽ nu le HNBR ƒe akpa vovovoawo ƒe blibonyenye ŋu. Eyata ele vevie be woakɔ anyigba kple akpa vovovoawo katã ŋu nyuie hafi aɖoe. Woate ŋu awɔ esia to atike si me wodea atike si mesẽ o alo atike tɔxɛ aɖe si wotsɔna klɔa nu ŋu si adzɔnuwɔƒea kafu la zazã me.

Gakpe ɖe eŋu la, ami si woatsɔ akɔ amie nyuie hiã be woatsɔ axe mɔ ɖe ʋuʋudedi kple vuvu fũ nu. Ele be woazã ami siwo wowɔ koŋ na HNBR ƒe akpawo atsɔ akpɔ egbɔ be wowɔ ɖeka eye wowɔa dɔ nyuie. Ami agbɔsɔsɔme si sɔ zazã ɖe nutrenuwo kple gasketwo ŋu hafi woade wo me kpena ɖe ame ŋu be wòaɖe ʋuʋudedi dzi akpɔtɔ eye wòkpena ɖe nutrenu nyui aɖe ŋu.

Tsɔ kpe ɖe eŋu la, ele vevie be woawɔ ɖe torque ƒe asixɔxɔ siwo wokafu dzi le eɖoɖo me. Sesẽ si gbɔ eme alo esi mesẽ tututu o ate ŋu ana tsi nado eye tsi ƒe akpa siwo le eme nado kpo nu kaba. Eyata, nuƒoƒo tso adzɔnuwɔƒea ƒe mɔfiamewo alo aɖaŋuɖoɖo kple dɔnyala ŋu le vevie ŋutɔ be woakpɔ egbɔ be wozã torque ƒe asixɔxɔ siwo sɔ.

Ne wonya de HNBR hadrolik-nuawo ko la, beléle na wo edziedzi le vevie be woadidi woƒe agbenɔƒe ɖe edzi eye woalé dɔwɔwɔ nyuie me ɖe asi. Ele be woalé ŋku ɖe wo ŋu edziedzi be woakpɔ dzesi ɖesiaɖe si fia be wovuvu, wogblẽ, alo tsi si le dodom le wo ŋu hã. Ele be woakpɔ nya ɖesiaɖe si wokpɔ la gbɔ kaba be woaxe mɔ ɖe nusiwo gblẽ le ɖoɖoa ŋu nu.

Gawu la, ehiã be woakɔ wo ŋu edziedzi be woaɖe ɖiƒoƒo, gbeɖuɖɔ, alo ɖiƒoƒo ɖesiaɖe si ate ŋu aƒo ƒu ɖe HNBR ƒe akpawo ƒe akpawo dzi la ɖa. Woate ŋu awɔ esia to avɔ falɛfalɛ alo brɔs zazã me, tsɔ kpe ɖe atike si wotsɔna klɔa nu ŋu si mesẽ o alo atike si wotsɔna klɔa nu ŋu si adzɔnuwɔƒea kafu. Ele vevie be woaƒo asa na atike sesẽwo alo nusiwo wotsɔna ƒoa nui siwo ate ŋu agblẽ nu le HNBR-nu la ŋu la zazã.

Nyanuwuwuw

Nyatia te gbe ɖe alesi wòle vevie be woase nyaƒoɖeamenu gɔme ahakpɔ egbɔ le tsi ƒe ɖoɖowo me hena dɔwɔwɔ nyuie dzi. Efia be nutrenu deŋgɔwo abe HNBR kple beléle na wo edziedzi ene zazã nye nu vevi siwo ana woakpɔ egbɔ be tsi ƒe ɖoɖowo anɔ anyi didi eye kakaɖedzi nanɔ wo ŋu. Wohe susu yi HNBR dzi be enye nu vevi aɖe le dɔwɔƒe vovovowo me le eƒe nutete ƒe tsitretsitsi gã ta, ŋutete be wòanɔ te ɖe nyaƒoɖeamenu sesẽwo nu, atsi tre ɖe atikewo kple amiwo ŋu, eye wòawɔ dɔ le dzoxɔxɔ ƒe didime si keke ta me. Wogblɔ tso eŋu be enye tiatia si wodi wu na nutrenu kple gasket zazã le hadrolik-mɔ̃wo, ʋu ƒe mɔ̃wo, kple dɔwɔƒewo ƒe mɔ̃wo me. Woƒo nu tso HNBR ƒe viɖewo ŋu le tsi ƒe pɔmpiwo kple nutrenuwo hã me, siwo dometɔ aɖewoe nye eƒe tsitretsitsi ɖe tsiwo, dzoxɔxɔ, abrasion, atikewo, kple ozone ŋu. Nyatia ƒo eta to gbetete ɖe vevienyenye si le eɖoɖo nyuie, edzikpɔkpɔ edziedzi, kple mɔxexeɖedɔléle nu ƒe afɔɖeɖewo ŋu be woatsɔ adzi HNBR ƒe tsi ƒe akpawo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ kple woƒe anyinɔnɔ ɖe edzi eye woakpɔ egbɔ be hadrolik-mɔ̃wo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ nyuie le dɔ vovovowo me.